Chapter 10 Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao and I

Liang: He left Beijing to go to the United States. He really escaped.Why did you escape?Because he was talented, intelligent, and a well-known journalist, Yuan Shikai would win over him if he wanted to be emperor, and sent someone to speak directly to him, hoping that he could publish an article in favor of the monarchy.At that time, there was an American named Pedro (Ai: Yes.) who wanted to establish an imperial system, and hoped that Huang would write an article.He refused to write, threatened him if he refused to write, so he had no choice but to write.He was unwilling to write this article, unwilling to be a person who supported the imperial system, so the article was not well written, and his attitude was not clear. Some friends said that such an unclear article could not be handed in, and it would not be passed. If you are not satisfied, you either surrender (laughs), or you leave quickly, and he will take the same path and steal out of Beijing.

Ai: The article he wrote on the ship seems to have nothing to do with the matter you just mentioned. Liang: He ran for this matter.That is to say, I used to fight with the upper class, with the high-ranking officials and nobles at that time. Although I didn’t seem to join them, although I didn’t, I was very familiar with those people. He supported the monarchy, but he refused and had to run away, so he confessed, confessed the problems of his past life.Since he is a talented person, talented people also have desires, so he is very casual about the issue of men and women and spending money. His confession lies in this place.

Ai: What does his article have to do with yours? Liang: Which article? Ai: It is "Theory of Yuan Casuism". Liang: I wrote "Juyuan Casuism" after reading his. Ai: My opinion is that his article also mentioned some problems in modern society. Liang: My "Juyuan Casuism" means that I wish I had contributed my Buddhist thoughts to Mr. Huang earlier. I didn't talk about this to him, and I'm sorry.This is what I said at the very beginning of "Study on Casuism", as if something very good was not given to my friend. Ai: I am still right about this.What do you think of Chen Duxiu?

Liang: It's amazing, this man is amazing. Ai: Did you meet him only after you came to Peking University, or... Liang: I met him just before entering Peking University.There is a person that everyone knows - Li Dazhao.Li Dazhao once invited guests to dinner, including Chen Duxiu and me. It was like this when we met for the first time.At that time, Chen Duxiu came to Beijing from Shanghai. He meant to come to Beijing to persuade people to raise shares. He set up a publishing house called "Yadong Library". He asked everyone to invest in shares and raise money, 50 yuan per share. 100 yuan is two shares (laughs). I hope to find an acquaintance to persuade everyone to buy shares and make up the Yadong Library he wants to run. This is how he came here.Just at this time, Mr. Cai Yuanpei came back from abroad to take over as the president of Peking University. He needed a team, and he couldn't do it alone.He and Chen Duxiu were old friends, so he said, "Okay, now that you're in Beijing, don't run a library or a publishing house, just come and help me."At this time, Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao joined me, and the three of us entered Peking University at the same time.

Ai: My impression is that your relationship with Chen Duxiu is not as good as that with Li Dazhao. Liang: Yes, my relationship with Li was a little earlier than Chen's. I met Chen at Li's banquet, but Chen, Li, and I entered Peking University at the same time. Ai: With Chen Duxiu, you... Liang: I am very impressed with him.That person is a person who can open the situation, a very powerful person. Ai: What do you think of the role he played in history? Liang: He is the founder of the Communist Party. Ai: Yes, very important? Liang: Very important. Ai: He and Li Dazhao, of course, organized and founded the Communist Party together.

Liang: The friendship between the two of them is very good, but their personalities are different. Ai: Then Li is more... Liang: As for Li, on the surface he is a very gentle person. He is very gentle on the surface. When he comes into contact with everyone, everyone has a good impression of him. In fact, he is also very fierce in his heart. Ai: He has a relatively good relationship with other people. Liang: Better than Chen Duxiu.Everyone respects Chen Duxiu (laughs) and is afraid of him, because he is often rude to people in person.When holding meetings in the school, he is considered the dean of literature, first called the dean of liberal arts, and there is also a dean of science, Mr. Xia who is engaged in physics——Xia Yuanli, two people have the same status, one is liberal arts, the other is science, At the conference table, he was sometimes very rude to Mr. Xia, making it difficult for people to step down, so...

Ai: Li Dazhao would not do that.Do you think these two people, which one and yourself... Liang: Of course I still have a good relationship with Li. Ai: The main reason is Li Wenwen, or... Liang: Hey, Li Wenwen. Ai: Are there any ideas in Li that are closer to your own?Does it have something to do with thought, or is it something to do with being a human being? Liang: Very strange.What's so strange?Both Chen Duxiu and Li Dazhao were members of the Communist Party, but Mr. Li never said a word to get me into the party. I don’t know why (laughs).The relationship between friends is very good, but he never introduced me to join the Communist Party, he did not.

Ai: What about Chen Duxiu?I remember yes, I told you that the book "The Last Awakening of the Chinese People" (should be "The Last Awareness of the Chinese National Self-help Movement" - the editor) mentioned that Chen Duxiu criticized your concept of rural construction, saying it was a small What bourgeois fantasy, at that time Chen Duxiu wanted you to join the party, you didn't...he didn't... Liang: No, he didn't let me join the party either. Ai: How about your relationship with Hu Shi?What do you think of Hu Shi? Liang: Hu Shi is very smart. Ai: Do you often get along well with him?

Liang: There is nothing wrong with it.But at Peking University at that time, there were old schools and new schools.Chen Duxiu, Hu Shi, and Li Dazhao are all considered new, as is Lu Xun, but he is not a professor at Peking University, but a member of the Ministry of Education. He also teaches at Peking University for a few hours. The relationship is not deep, but he also belongs to the New Youth faction. Among the New Youth are Chen Duxiu, Hu Shi, Li Dazhao, and Tao Menghe. Ai: So you are not very close to the New Youth faction. Who did you have a very close relationship with at that time?

Liang: At that time, Peking University had a new school and an old school. (Ai: Yes.) The students publish publications, one is called "Xin Chao" - the tide of the trend, and the other is called "Guogu" - "Guogu" talks about old Chinese culture. With professor support.I am neither in the new school, nor can I join the old school.Because the old school talks about old Chinese learning, I don't.After all, I was younger than them at that time, and Hu Shi was older than me, but not by much, about one or two years older than me, and Li Dazhao was about three or four years older than me.

Ai: Hu Shi is three years older than you? Liang: Not so much. Ai: You were born in 1893. (Liang: Yes.) Hu Shih was three years old when you were born, when his father was the county magistrate in Taitung, Taiwan.It is also written in the book that you are a little younger than these people, Hu Shi, Li Dazhao, of course Lu Xun and Cai Yuanpei are much older than you.This is why you don't talk to the new youth... This is one of the reasons why you want to leave Peking University, because you are relatively young and it is not easy to talk to people from various factions... Liang: I entered Peking University in the sixth year of the Republic of China (1917) and left in the thirteenth year of the Republic of China (1924). I stayed at Peking University for seven years.In my memory, Mr. Cai is 30 years older than me, as if Hu Shi is one year older than me. Ai: According to my research, he was born in 1890, and you were born in 1893, three years old respectively.The second chapter talks about your family. When you were born, how old was Hu Shi? Chairman Mao was two months old. (Liang: Chairman Mao was born in the same year as me, but the month was later.) That’s why I I remember clearly that Hu Shi is three years older than you. Liang: Chen Duxiu was much older. Ai: There is also Mr. Yang from the Department of Philosophy, Chairman Mao's father-in-law. (Liang: Yes.) You met Chairman Mao for the first time at Mr. Yang's house? Liang: Yes, that's right. Ai: Are you a person who can get along with Mr. Yang? Liang: Mr. Yang's name is Yang Changji, and his name is Huaizhong.Mr. Yang Huaizhong, this person is very old, much older than us.He is at Peking University, and we are all in the Department of Philosophy. He is talking about "Western Ethics" and "History of Western Ethical Thought".We are both in the philosophy department and colleagues, but we are much older than us.He does often come to my house, (Ai: Oh.) Why does he often come to my house?Not at me, but at one of my older brothers. Ai: Oh, that's right. Does he already know your brother? Liang: Yes. Ai: That's clear. I thought that because you are from the Department of Philosophy, you are often together. Liang: This brother of mine is not my real brother. Ai: Oh, not your real brother. Liang: He is an elder brother of the same clan. Ai: Is that my cousin? Liang: No, the same family, that is, his surname is Liang, and I am also surnamed Liang. (Ai: Oh.) If it was a cousin, his surname would not be Liang.China's argument is different from that of foreign countries. (Ai: Yes.) He is also surnamed Liang, and he is considered to be from Hunan. Now I am writing an article on my desk, that is, Hunan Province wants to compile a provincial annals—the history of this province.There is an article in the provincial annals called "People's Chronicles". In "People's Chronicles", there is an old man from my family who is a very important person in Hunan, and he once came to Beijing to live with me, so now The provincial annals of Hunan Province wanted to write a biography for him, and I was required to write the biography, which was being written on the table. Ai: Because Mr. Yang is from Hunan? Liang: Let me tell you about the relationship between Mr. Yang and my brother.What is the relationship with my brother?That is, when Emperor Guangxu of Beijing wanted to reform the law—because of the influence of Kang and Liang, the provinces in the country responded to Beijing’s reform movement. The first one was Hunan. Compared with other provinces, it was Hunan. The people in power in Hunan, the people in charge of the political power in Hunan—in the past, they were the governors of various provinces, some provinces had governors, Hunan and Hubei combined had a governor, Hunan itself had governors, and Hunan had several famous governors.During the reform movement in Beijing, as far as the provinces of the country were concerned, it was the leading reform movement. My brother, he participated in the reform movement in Hunan, and now they are asking me to write it.For example, under the influence of Europe at that time, the Chinese called it "emphasis on Western affairs" at the beginning, but later felt that the name "Westernization" was not good, and "the one who knows current affairs is a gentleman", and if we want to talk about "current affairs", then in Hunan, we should first Set up a current affairs school, and the head teacher of the current affairs school is Liang Qichao, and my brother helped Liang Qichao set up the current affairs school.At that time, it was necessary to start a new school and start a business. To start a business, there was a business school. My brother hosted the business school. What was in the business school?There are factories and mines inside, and there are mining affairs bureaus and academic affairs offices in the whole province. My brother also joined the academic affairs office and the mining affairs bureau. And this Mr. Yang—that is, Mr. Yang Changji and Mr. Yang Huaizhong, who count as my brother’s students and call me a teacher.Because at that time there were reforms and reforms, on the one hand they wanted to learn from Europe and the United States, so they sent people to study in Europe and the United States. Of course, it seemed more convenient to study in Japan if it was nearby, so many people stayed in Japan for a while.My brother, he suggested to the provincial government—to the governor, we send young people to study, it is better to send people who already have some knowledge and foundation in the country. The provincial government—the governor agreed with him. mean.He suggested that not all provinces have examinations for candidates, the first is to test for scholar, scholar...