Chapter 25 "Records of Li Bai" Emei Mountain Half Moon Autumn

Mount Emei Half Moon Autumn Let's talk about Li Bai's moon first. In Li Bai's poems, if we only choose one image, which image can best express Li Bai on behalf of the picture of admiring the moon under the plum blossom?I think it's the moon.The fate between Li Bai and the moon is too deep.According to folklore, Li Bai had a younger sister named Li Yueyuan.According to many Li Bai research experts, in the second half of the 20th century, they went to Jiangyou, Sichuan Province for investigation, and the local farmers took them to visit, saying that there was a tomb in that place, and a monument was erected, which read "Li Bai's sister Li Yueyuan Tomb".Wei Hao's "Preface to the Collection of Li Hanlin" said that Li Bai "began to marry Xu, and gave birth to a daughter named Mingyue Slave".In the original text, there is also the word "one man" after "a woman", which is a derivative.The younger sister is named Li Yueyuan, and the daughter is named Mingyuenu, which is not enough.Li Bai praised Lu Zhonglian, his great idol, and said, "The bright moon rises from the bottom of the sea, and once it shines brightly" ("Ancient Wind·The Ten"); The names of sisters and daughters are related to the bright moon; the idol is the moon, and the beauty is also the moon.In short, Li Bai thinks the best thing is the bright moon.What does Mingyue mean to him?

The eighth lecture Moonlight·River Water·Roc Bird——Li Bai's poetic image The bright moon is Li Bai's nostalgia. Li Bai has had an indissoluble bond with the moon since he was a child. When he was a child, he paid close attention to the moon.He has a poem called "Gu Lang Yue Xing".Let's not look at the latter, just look at the first few sentences: I don't know the moon when I am young, and I call it a white jade plate. He also doubted the mirror of Yaotai, flying in the white clouds. Immortals have two feet hanging down, and osmanthus trees form clusters. The white rabbit smashed the medicine and asked who to eat with.

Li Bai said in his poem: When I was young, I didn't know that thing was the moon. I only knew that there was a white jade plate in the sky. I thought it was the mirror of our house, and I didn't know how it flew to the sky.When Li Bai was a child, he still had many fantasies about the moon, saying that the crooked moon is like a small boat. Could it be that there are gods sitting on that small boat with their feet hanging down?Are there still laurel trees and white rabbits?From this poem, we can feel that Li Bai has been very close to the moon since he was a child. Of Li Bai's poems about the moon, the most famous one is "Quiet Night Thoughts".Children can recite, and foreigners can also recite:

The bright moonlight in front of the bed is suspected to be frost on the ground. Looking up at the bright moon, bowing your head and thinking about your hometown. But the version we memorized is not the original appearance of this poem.There are a few different characters in this poem in the Song version of "Li Bai Ji", which is written like this: Looking at the moonlight in front of the bed, I suspect it is frost on the ground. Looking up at the mountains and the moon, bowing your head and thinking about your hometown. The main difference lies in the third sentence.At first glance, the meaning is similar, but upon closer inspection, it can be said that "the difference is a thousand miles away", because it is related to Li Bai's nostalgia.

There is a very beautiful quatrain in Li Bai's poems, called "Emei Mountain Moon Song".Li Bai told people everywhere: I am from Shu, I am from Sichuan.So we pay attention to "Sichuan Moon". For Li Bai, the "moon in Sichuan" is "the moon in Mount Emei".Why is Li Bai's "Thinking of a Quiet Night" "raise your head to look at the mountain and the moon" instead of "raise your head to look at the bright moon"?The mountain moon is the moon of Mount Emei. When Li Bai wrote "Emei Mountain Moon Song", he had just left Sichuan.How did he write it?

In the half moon of Mount Emei in autumn, the shadow enters the water of Pingqiang River. Send out the clear stream to the Three Gorges at night, and go to Yuzhou if you don't see you. The ancients wrote poetry really well.How good is it?Unbelievable.How would you describe the moon?Li Bai actually used the word "autumn" to describe autumn.We all know that autumn is high and crisp, and the moon and mid-autumn equinox are bright. Although it is only half a round, it must be very bright.There is a half moon in the sky, and there is river water below - "Shadow into Pingqiang River". "Fa Qingxi to the Three Gorges at night" means that Li Bai is going to the Three Gorges, that is, he is leaving Sichuan. Who does the "jun" refer to in "I don't see you in Yuzhou"?There are different versions.I said that this "jun" is the moon in Mount Emei.What Li Bai missed was the half moon in his hometown.Said that this "jun" is the emperor, Li Bai's master or parents?It is not easy to implement.Let's just be straightforward and understand it as the moon on Mount Emei.This is the best and most poetic.When Li Bai came out of Sichuan, it was Li Bai who walked, and the moon followed, and the moon accompanied him all his life.

Li Bai later wrote a poem, also called "Moon Song of Emei Mountain", with the same title, but with a few more words after it-"Send Shu Monk Yan to Zhongjing".It is also "Mount Emei Moon Song", let's see how Li Bai wrote it. "When I was in the Three Gorges of Badong, I looked at the bright moon in the west and recalled Emei." Li Bai said: After staying in the Three Gorges for a long time, I miss the moon on Mount Emei very much. "The moon rises from Mount Emei to shine on the sea, and it follows people thousands of miles away." The moon in my hometown is with me. It comes out of Mount Emei, and it will go wherever I go. "The moon in front of the Yellow Crane Tower is white." The Yellow Crane Tower is in Wuchang. The moon in this place is the moon in my house, very white. "Suddenly see Emei guest here", suddenly saw a fellow villager here. "The moon on Mount Emei will send you off, and the wind will blow west to Chang'anmo." It means that the moon on Mount Emei will follow you, because you are also from Sichuan, and the moon in your hometown will always accompany us wanderers to the end of the world. "Chang'an Avenue spans nine days, and the moon of Mount Emei shines on Qinchuan." The moon in Chang'an is also the moon in my hometown - the moon in Mount Emei.The poets of ancient times are very interesting, their emotions towards the natural world are very unusual.When Su Dongpo arrived in Jiangsu, he wrote a poem at the Jinshan Temple in Zhenjiang. The first sentence is "My family's river originated at the beginning" ("You Jinshan Temple") - the river belongs to their family.Because he is from Sichuan and his family lives in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.The same is true for Li Bai. He feels that no matter where the moon is, it is the moon of Mount Emei.So there is a saying "Looking up at the mountains and the moon, bowing your head and thinking about your hometown". "Mountain moon" is different from "bright moon". The moon on Mount Emei represents Li Bai's hometown.

But as we said earlier, Li Bai lived in the Western Regions before he was 5 years old.So, before arriving in Sichuan, what impression did Li Bai have of the bright moon in the Western Regions?He wrote in a poem: "The bright moon rises from the Tianshan Mountains, between the vast sea of ​​clouds." ("Guan Shanyue") This is his childhood memory. Whether in the Western Regions or in Sichuan, anyway, the moon came out from the mountain behind his house.Li Bai is really interesting, this moon belongs to his family, not someone else's.This is really the idea of ​​​​the gods and immortals.

We said earlier that Li Bai doesn't seem to miss his hometown very much, and he doesn't write about his parents, but he has a deep affection for the moon in his hometown.Through the analysis of Li Bai's poems praising the bright moon, we know his imagination and feelings about the moon when he was a child - he always used the moon on Mount Emei to express his feelings for his hometown, and the image of the moon in his pen is his lifelong nostalgia. The meaning of the moon to Li Bai has two layers: the first is the nostalgia of the geographical environment, and the second is the nostalgia of the soul world.

The moon is the hometown of Li Bai's heart and the sustenance of his soul.why?Li Bai is such a person who strives for fame and fame, how does he fit with Mingyue? In the previous lectures, we revealed how Li Bai used unscrupulous means to hype himself and obtain capital in the world of mortals.His life has had ups and downs and stormy waves.But the moons he wrote are all pure and quiet, bright and bright.Li Bai wrote "Emei Mountain Moon Song", the bright moon against the background of Emei Mountain and the river is the feeling of "half autumn". Let's talk about a few more poems about the moon by Li Bai.

Li Bai has a poem, which was selected in "Three Hundred Poems of the Tang Dynasty", called "Going to Zhongnan Mountain and Passing Husi Mountain People Place Wine": In the evening, from the foot of Bishan Mountain, the mountain moon returns with people.But look at the path from where it came, green and green. Hand in hand with Tian's family, childishly opened Jingfei.Green bamboo enters the quiet path, and green radish brushes the clothes. Enjoy the rest of the talk, drink and chat together.The long song sings the pine wind, and the river stars are scarce. I am drunk and happy again, and Tao Ran forgets the opportunity together. This poem writes that Li Bai came down from the mountain to see a friend, who invited him to drink.You can see how peacefully he writes.Many people have a feeling after reading this poem: Why is this poem not written by Li Bai?Like who wrote it?Like Meng Haoran wrote, like Tao Yuanming wrote. When Li Bai and Mingyue get along, they are extremely quiet and pure.We know how this poem is written. In fact, there is no need to talk about it later, just read the first two sentences: "The evening is under the blue mountain, and the mountain and the moon return with people." How close this moon is to Li Bai, he never When he came down from the mountain, the moon followed him down and accompanied him. This is Li Bai's spiritual world.Although Li Bai is an extremely noisy person and a person who seeks fame and fame, he is actually very lonely in his heart.Every genius is alone.Understanding Li Bai's loneliness from his works is the core content of feeling and knowing Li Bai. Li Bai's sense of loneliness is not something ordinary people can understand.It seems that he just goes to pay respects all day long, and wherever he goes, the wine in the bottle is always full. Wherever he is, officials big and small invite him to eat and drink, and wherever he goes, he goes to "nightclubs" for consumption.But who understands Li Bai's inner loneliness? Li Bai has two poems about his own loneliness, one of which is "Drinking Alone under the Moon".Li Bai likes to drink alone under the moon. When he gets drunk, he writes poems, and he wrote four poems in one breath. The last three are about drinking, so we won't talk about them.The first one is about the feeling of the moon. It is a very famous poem, a poem that people are familiar with: A jug of wine among the flowers, drinking alone without a blind date. Raise your glass to invite the bright moon, and make three people face each other. The moon does not drink, and the shadow follows me. 暂伴月将影，But still for a while I want to accompany the moon, 行乐须及春。 I should be to enjoy life in the spring. My singing moon wanders, my dancing shadow is chaotic. 醒时同交欢，Pursue pleasure when I am awake, 醉后各分散。 When drunken I reel, our companionship ends. Forever and ruthless travel, we will meet each other for a long time. "A pot of wine among the flowers, drinking alone without a blind date." What does it mean?When I'm about to drink to flowers, it's just me.Whether I face those famous Taoist priests or those high-ranking officials, I have to deal with it. This is the secular world; but when facing the flowers and the moon, I can return to my own world with a pot of wine by myself. "Raise a glass to invite the bright moon, and the shadows will form three people." There are three people, which three people?Li Bai, Li Bai's shadow, and the moon.Not Du Fu, nor Dan Qiusheng, but the moon.At this time, no one else could be tolerated, not even a poet as great as him, not even his brother.The bright moon is Li Bai's lonely existence when he returns to his inner world and becomes a quiet Li Bai. "The moon does not drink, and the shadow follows me." Only my own shadow and the moon can really get close, but this can't comfort me. "Temporarily accompanied by the shadow of the moon, the carnival must be in the spring. I sing to the moon and linger, and my dancing shadow is chaotic." Who can really understand me?Who can I tell?Sima Chengzhen is dead, and He Zhizhang is also dead. Who knows me, a "banished immortal"?Even if Du Fu admires me very much, I still despise him. "When you are awake, you will have sex together, and when you are drunk, you will be separated. You will be together forever without love, and you will be in love with each other." What is "ruthless"?People who study Taoism and Buddhism have no relationship with ordinary people. This is called ruthlessness.In fact, Li Bai wanted to say goodbye to the earthlings.In addition, Wei Jin Fengliu also often talks about "too high to forget feelings", which is the highest state of Taoists. When Li Bai is alone, who is his confidant?It is the bright moon in the sky.The bright moon is another Li Bai, and the bright moon is a projection of Li Bai himself in the sky. There is another poem, which is also about the bright moon.We say that Li Bai's moon should be "seeing the moon in the water". The water mentioned here is very clean, but Li Bai has a very interesting poem called "Solitary Pian".Let's take a look, the first few sentences are very interesting: "Cement in the water alone", "Cement alone", everyone will know that it is a continuous word.There is mud in the water, so "the moon cannot be seen in the muddy water"-it is a pool of muddy water, and the moon in the sky cannot be reflected. "It's okay to not see the moon, but the water is deep and there are no pedestrians." Not only the moon can't be seen, but there may also be no people.This poem is very sad.Li Bai himself said, "I never abandon the world, but the world abandons me." ("Answer to Cai Shanren") It is you people in the world who isolated me, Li Bai, and my loneliness is caused by you.What kind of filthy world is this? I, Layman Qinglian, a lotus, will fall into the mud and dust. "The Yue bird comes from the south, and Hu Ying also crosses the north. I want to bend my bow to shoot at the sky, but unfortunately I lost my way." This is a metaphorical statement-I want to save this era, but can I save it?Next, I will talk about "Falling leaves leave the tree, drifting with the wind. The guest has nothing to support, and sorrow is the same." Talk about the sadness in your heart. After talking about the sadness, your mood will improve.Poetry is the safety valve of the soul world, the product of catharsis.When Li Bai wrote poems, he was venting. After venting, his heart became clearer and clearer.Let me first say that the moon cannot be seen clearly because of the muddy water.Li Bai wrote out all his sorrows, and God was moved, and the moon came out at this time. The next few sentences were Mr. Lin Geng's favorite back then, and I also liked them very much: "It seems that someone opened the curtain. The moon is shining straight in, so I have no intention to guess." Great, these four sentences.This is Li Bai's fairy spirit!Living alone in the house, I suddenly felt that the curtains seemed to be moving.Why do the curtains move?It was as if someone had pulled the curtains back.But is there really anyone?of course not.Did the wind blow the curtains?Li Bai didn't say anything either.Who opened this curtain?Li Bai said: It was the bright moon that opened the curtain. "The bright moon enters directly, and there is no heart to guess." It's so great!There is zero distance and no defense between Li Bai and Mingyue. In Chinese culture, especially in Taoism, it is always said that people have an organic mind.There is such a story: There was an old fisherman who had a very good relationship with seagulls. Seagulls would often fly to his arms to stay. Then one day, he thought that fishing was tiring. How does the seagull smell?He has a heart.With this movement, seagulls never flew to his arm again.People are organic. The character "straight" in "Bright Moon Straight In" is too good, and it is a state of undefended zero distance.The moon is bright and clean, and I am also bright and clean.Yueben has no intention, and neither do I.I become one with the bright moon.So it is "the bright moon enters directly, and there is no heart to guess." When I read this, all the world of mortals disappeared, and what I saw was pure and bright. The meaning of these four sentences is like the poem "Yang Rener".It is the realm of "today the dust is exhausted and light is born, shining through thousands of mountains and rivers".But it is too dazzling to shine through thousands of mountains and rivers.The imagery in Li Bai's poems is not the sun, but the bright moon.The bright moon is the best symbol of Li Bai. Many people asked me to describe Li Bai to him, and asked me: What kind of person do you think Li Bai is?Sometimes I say that Li Bai is a "peerless man", and sometimes I tell them that Li Bai is a greenhouse with four glass walls.Of course, the best thing to say is Li Bai himself who said "the bright moon enters directly, and there is no heart to guess".When Wang Guowei criticized Jiang Baishi's Ci when his level of speech was high or low, he regretted "seeing flowers through the fog".When a poet is creating, there is a difference between "separation" and "no separation" when the skill of writing is reached or not.In fact, if we really want to talk about great art and poetry art, I think there is the first meaning of "separation" and "no separation".The first meaning is the term of Zen Buddhism.Literary and artistic works, the first meaning of "separation" and "non-separation" is the "separation" and "non-separation" between things and "I".Only people like Li Bai, between him and Mingyue, are the real "no separation".There is no separation between Li Bai's heart and the moon in the sky, so what he writes is also "not separated".It is said that Li Bai's poems were written casually, but anyone else, such as Wang Wei, Du Fu, Bai Juyi, or Su Dongpo, would not be able to write them.why?Because Li Bai can truly "not separate", others cannot. For others, the moon may be just a decoration.But for Li Bai, it is indispensable. Li Bai was exiled in Yelang, met She on the way, passed by Hunan, drank and went boating in the area of ​​Dongting Lake, and wrote two lines of poems: "Let's take credit for the moonlight in Dongting, and buy the boat for wine by the side of Baiyun." People from Zhongshushe went to visit Dongting Lake") Li Bai said: "I can't do without the moon, so let me give the moonlight on credit."The moonlight here can be bought on credit like wine, this is what the gods said. Li Bai lived in the world of the moon all his life.Li Bai's death is also related to Mingyue.How did Li Bai die?Guo Moruo said that the endometritis died of festering.But folklore doesn't care about that.The common people wishfully believed that Li Bai was drunk, went into the water to catch the moon and died.Folklore is always better, and the working people would like to have a deeper relationship between Li Bai and the moon.The bright moon is Li Bai's home. When we analyzed the image of "Qinglian" in the lecture "Li Bai of the Immortal", we mentioned two poems: "When you see the moon in the water, the green lotus produces dust." Temple Shenggong Qingfeng Pavilion") Chinese culture likes to use the word "mirror flowers and water moon" to describe the most beautiful things.The moon itself is very bright and pure, and water is a very clean thing.The moon in clear water is the cleanest and brightest. The bright moon is the symbol of Li Bai himself, so Li Bai can entrust the bright moon to do things.Ordinary people look down on Li Bai, but among poets, there is only one person he looks down on——Wang Changling.After Wang Changling was relegated, Li Bai wrote a poem for him. There are two famous lines: "I send my worrying heart and the bright moon, follow the wind to the west of Yelang." —I can't accompany you, but the moon represents my heart, and I entrust the moon to accompany you.Because the moon is Li Bai, and it is the real Li Bai.The moon is Li Bai's soul. The bright moon is Li Bai's inner mental image, and it is Li Bai's double nostalgia.It is nostalgia in both the geographical sense and the soul world.Under the moonlight, Li Bai is such a quiet person, which seems to be very different from the Li Bai in our impression.