Chapter 52 Section 3: From stealing gold to stealing gold

During the eight years of the Anti-Japanese War, there were two numbers that increased astonishingly.One is the number of people's casualties, and the other is the number of currency issuance and rising prices.Since November 4, 1935, the currency policy has been implemented as a legal tender. Due to Chiang Kai-shek's selfish monetary policy, he was forced to not cash the paper money - the legal tender.The currency credit of legal currency is not good. "On the eve of the Anti-Japanese War in 1937, the total amount of legal currency issued was only 1.4 billion yuan; during the eight-year war of resistance, the four major families used the French currency to further monopolize The national economy was plundering people's wealth, so inflation continued. By the eve of Japan's surrender, the issuance of legal currency had reached 500 billion yuan. In March 1946, Chiang Kai-shek tore up the armistice agreement and launched the anti-communist war. The crisis became more and more serious, and the economic crisis became more and more serious. By April 1947, in just over a year, the issuance of legal currency had increased sharply to more than 16 trillion yuan; On August 20, when the legal currency was replaced by gold-dollar coupons, the issuance of legal currency reached 660 trillion yuan, which was 470,000 times the amount issued on the eve of the Anti-Japanese War, and the price of goods rose by 34.90% compared with that before the Anti-Japanese War. Twenty thousand times." (Zi Yaohua's "The Collapse of the Nationalist Government's Legal Currency") This kind of currency depreciation and price skyrocketing situation is also rare in the history of the world throughout the ages.In fact, these figures are only a long-term perspective, and it is even more important to look at close-ups. ——Based on the amount issued on the last day before it announced its end, it was as high as 6,046,427,761,820,000 yuan? Mark's shocking world depreciation is beyond the reach of the currency?

The legal currency policy is that Chiang Kai-shek printed a piece of banknotes to defraud the silver in the hands of the Chinese people, and took the silver back to the government. In fact, this is not the most exciting, and the most exciting is the gold circle coupon policy later.Chiang Kai-shek printed another banknote to deceive the gold in the hands of the Chinese. On August 19, 1948, the Chiang Kai-shek government suddenly promulgated the "Financial and Economic Emergency Punishment Order" and issued gold round notes, stipulating that one yuan of gold round notes was equivalent to three million yuan in old French currency.It is equivalent to 0.25 US dollars, and at the same time, gold, silver, and French currency can be exchanged within a limited period.The common people are not allowed to keep gold privately, and they will be killed if they catch it, so all the gold in the country is publicly owned.The Chinese people are really easy to bully. In 1935, when the legal currency was introduced, they first experienced the power of the Kuomintang government.After the Anti-Japanese War, the government could not protect the people, and the common people became the remnants of the enemy and the puppet. In order to devalue the currency, the Japanese devils exchanged the French currency for Japanese military notes or counterfeit banknotes. , all with counterfeit banknotes.Unexpectedly, after the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, the government returned the counterfeit banknotes to the common people at an obviously unreasonable exchange rate of 200 to 1 French currency.When the value of one yuan in gold yuan notes to three million yuan in French currency appeared, the private savings of ordinary people were all liquidated one by one in the past few years.

Within 40 days of the initial issuance of the gold-dollar coupons, the government exchanged paper for gold and exchanged for more than 300 million U.S. dollars in gold dollar bills. Simultaneously with the issuance of golden round coupons, a price limit was implemented, and the price limit was based on August 19th. In order to ensure the success of the price limit, Chiang Kai-shek sent economic control officials to supervise in Shanghai, Tianjin, and Guangzhou. The profiteer and rich businessman acted vigorously and sensationalized both at home and abroad.However, as John Leighton Stuart, the U.S. ambassador to China at the time, said, "an attempt to repress economic laws by police state methods" (an attempt to repress economic laws by police state methods).Can the laws of economics be suppressed by the police?

Chiang Kai-shek took the gold from the Chinese people by means of the policy of gold coupons. The main city was Shanghai, and the supervisor of economic control was sent by his accountant, Yu Hongjun, the president of the Central Bank.Chiang Ching-kuo performed a "tiger-fighting show" on behalf of his father in Shanghai. According to Dai Lian, general manager of the Shanghai United Bank at the time, "Reminiscences of Chiang Kai-shek's forced gold and silver foreign exchange in Shanghai after the issuance of gold-dollar coupons", he had long seen that "Chiang Kai-shek commemorated in Nanjing Zhou Shang’s threats and Chiang Ching-kuo’s coercion at Shanghai’s Leyi Hotel are akin to kidnapping by robbers.” The method was “a father and son stringing double springs together”, and the tone was to demonstrate to the wealthy tigers they believed: “Do you want your life or money? Choose.” However, On the one hand, the police force cannot suppress the laws of economics, on the other hand, the tigers turned out that their Jiang family group also had a part in it.Since I am also a tiger, how can I continue to fight?Shou Chongyi's "Jiang Jingguo's Story of Fighting Tigers in Shanghai" mentioned that Kong Xiangxi's son Kong Lingkan drew a gun and refused to be inspected, and had a stalemate with Jiang Jingguo.

So she went to Nanjing to ask her aunt for help. Soong Meiling made a special trip to Shanghai and asked Chiang Ching-kuo to negotiate at the Confucian House on Yongjia Road. The cousins ​​couldn't agree with each other, and the quarrel was very tense. The Song sisters had no choice but to use their last resort. Chiang Kai-shek in Beiping told him to take a special plane to the south immediately to deal with the emergency in Shanghai.On the day Jiang Nan came, Soong Meiling explained the whole story to Jiang Duofang. The friendship was a matter of in-laws, the two families had common interests, and the family ugliness should not be publicized.The next day Jiang called Jiang Jingguo to meet him, gave him a lecture, and told him to cancel the search. Jiang Jingguo had no choice but to let this "big tiger" with the number one name in Tianzi go free, and the situation disappeared in one day.

The details of Chiang Kai-shek's training son were recorded in Zhou Zhizhi's "Shanghai Golden Yuan Coupon Case: One Scene": After Song Meiling's "offensive" overnight, Chiang Ching-kuo entered Chiang Kai-shek's bedroom the next morning, and when he came out in about half an hour, he showed a dejected expression.Then Chiang Kai-shek came out to meet the civil and military officials and said: "Everyone has relatives. It is a shameful thing for relatives. Please think about it, who can be truly impartial? I think this case should be dismissed? Choose" Everyone Hearing this, he had no choice but to retreat.This victory belongs to Song Meiling.After being hit by this incident, Jiang Jingguo looked up to the sky and sighed: "I can only be filial at home first, and then I will be loyal to the country?" Xiao Jiang resigned because of this, and Shanghai people looked down on him from then on. climax.As a result, people who died bought coffins had to be sent by the coffin shop to "verify their authenticity" to prevent people from hoarding coffins.The women's shoes in the small garden area, even the most old-fashioned shoes for both big and small feet since the Qing Dynasty, were sold out.

Chiang Ching-kuo said in his "Last Month Reflection Record" in early November of this year: The large number of golden round coupons issued led to the so-called panic-buying movement in early October.As a result, the market fluctuated, and it got worse day by day. I felt that the power I used was no longer very effective. In terms of economics, it was because the number of gold round notes issued was too large, and there were banknotes everywhere. Many banknotes have nowhere to go, which caused chaos in the market. Wu Yunru wrote: "The officials have done two months of work for nothing, and the people have suffered for two months for nothing. You are still as rich as you are." These few words were too heart-wrenching, but at the same time stimulating enough, thinking of the situation in August and September, when everyone exchanged US dollar bills for gold, and the depreciation of today's gold bills, it really made me feel so sad. Sad, every time I think of how people resent me today after they exchanged the money, I am really ashamed. In order to show my sense of responsibility, I will ask the government to punish me and express my apology to the citizens of Shanghai to understand responsibility.All in all, I spent a lot of painstaking efforts in seventy days, and it was not in vain. I read an economics book and learned many painful lessons...

What kind of "economics" is this terrible Jiang and his son's "economics"? Choose "economics" to study in a higher education institution. How can you bring the police to the ten-mile foreign market? read?Chiang Kai-shek handed over the country's financial lifeline to his son who called himself a "rough man" (Jiang Jingguo called himself when he went to the Shanghai Central Bank for official work, see his diary on August 23, 1948). Is this really "child's play"? select Wang Sheng, an accomplice who followed Chiang Ching-kuo in fighting tigers, recalled in "Mr. Jing-guo's Selfless and Fearless Personality": "When the price limit is released, one month's salary, the gold coupons you get, and the next day, you can only eat a bowl Soy milk and a few deep-fried dough sticks, the country can’t deal with it.” In fact, these words are too reserved.More than a month's salary has become "a bowl of soy milk and a few fried dough sticks", the depreciation is so serious that in fact, even a bowl or a few fried dough sticks can't be bought.Wu Jingheng, Chiang Ching-kuo’s teacher, was “still a rich man with ten thousand yuan” when the gold-dollar coupons first issued. , p. 186)——Even the loyal servants of the Jiang family were ruined and impoverished. Thousands of Chinese people are still golden. How many families can do it?

The golden circle coupons have evolved into panic buying and depreciation, and bizarre scenes appear.First, there was a rush to buy supplies across the country.The four major companies in Shanghai - Xianshi, Yong'an, Xinxin, and Daxin were sold out. People were panicked and the world was in chaos.Then the gold circle coupons depreciated rapidly, and the depreciated prices not only changed in the morning and evening, but even within an hour.Stores in the market originally put up a sign saying, "At present, the price is fixed, and the market price will be different in the morning and evening." Later, there were too many changes, and the price list had to be revised at any time.At that time, Li Ao was a first-year student in junior high school. When eating a bowl of noodles in a restaurant, the price of entering the door was different from that of going out.The ink on the previous price list was still dry, and the new price list was posted again.This kind of strange situation is really unprecedented in two thousand years?

Less than three months after the issuance of the gold-dollar certificates, on November 11, the government had no choice but to allow the people to hold gold and foreign currencies, and agreed to redeem them with gold and silver certificates, but the rate was higher than that of the government three months ago. Buying five times? The old-fashioned gold savings and U.S. dollar bonds during the Anti-Japanese War were used. It goes without saying that it broke the trust of the people.But even if the common people suffer a great loss, they would rather ask for gold than gold coupons.As a result, the big wave of running on gold to the Central Bank of Huangpu Beach immediately started.

There was a curfew in Shanghai at that time, and the common people had to hide around Huangpu Beach the night before, or in back alleys, or in sampans, waiting for the curfew to be lifted at 5 o'clock in the morning.As soon as 5:00 in the morning, a sea of ​​black people flocked to the central bank from all directions to fight for priority exchange.All of a sudden, there were tens of thousands of heads, and nothing could get through.The Shanghai Police Department dispatched elite troops—"Flying Taibao" to ride horses and beat people with leather whips, but to no avail. People were crushed to death, trampled to death, trampled to death, trampled to death, and trampled to death everywhere.Li Ao went to buy books at that time, passed by Huangpu Beach, and could no longer pass on the road, so he had to walk around the water on a sampan.This kind of strange situation is really unprecedented in two thousand years? According to a record at that time - "Human Sea Tactics Run on Gold" written by Luo Yagu, there are several paragraphs like this: It is said that there is a so-called "human sea tactic" in war. I have never seen it, nor can I imagine it. I have seen it with my own eyes. . A great scene? It was chosen on the banks of the Huangpu River in Shanghai. The traffic was completely blocked, and all kinds of vehicles were submerged in the sea of ​​people. In front of each national bank, thousands of people were tightly crowded; there were ordinary people , men and women, military police in uniform, and those who climbed on the windows, trampled on the shoulders of the crowd, and rushed forward.It was so crowded that everyone couldn't tremble, and if they wanted to catch their breath, they had to push others first.The white water vapor is the evaporation of sweat, slowly rising from the crowd, as if steaming steamed buns or cooking rice.Some people passed out, but they were still pushed forward by the crowds in front, back, left, and right. If they couldn't fall down, they drowned in the sea of ​​people.On December 24th, a total of nine people died in this way. Some of the injured were taken to the ambulance of the hospital, and some sat on the side of the road for a rest before being squeezed into the sea of ​​people again. . The government wanted to use a small amount of gold to maintain the policy of keeping the price of gold round bonds from falling, but it was defeated by such crowd tactics. From a monetary point of view, the issuance of gold dollar bills is fundamentally against the basic principles of finance. The government’s wanton issuance without cash reserves at all is a typical short sale; the redemption of gold dollar bills is a typical short sale .Buy short and sell short first, and naturally backtrack later.In the end, the gold in the central bank's inventory was rushed to Taiwan with the principle of "take it from the people, use it for the people, and use it to fight chaos and comfort the people's expectations" as a reserve for the issuance of New Taiwan dollars.The Kuomintang said that the gold stabilized Taiwan's personnel, but did not say that the gold lost the hearts of the mainland people? Wang Sheng recalled: I remember very clearly that one afternoon, I gathered more than 2,000 tiger-fighting cadres and waited for Mr. Jingguo to come back to speak, but at six o'clock he hadn't come, so I made a long-distance call to Nanjing, and I listened to the I heard his voice, as if he had cried bitterly; I think he tried his best, but in the end there was no way. Once the price limit was opened, the economy collapsed completely, and the country became more difficult like this.Therefore, managing the economy in Shanghai was under the most dangerous and difficult circumstances. No one dared to do this, but he did. Of course, we always want to go back. We believe that when we go back, we will never forget the money from the Shanghai people. We must give double and ten times the amount to the people of Shanghai, and we must do a great cause for Shanghai. Now, the dragon corpses of Jiang's father and son are dead, and the cowhide of Wang Sheng's accomplice is old. Even though they "never forget the money from the people of Shanghai", the people of Shanghai still dare to learn from them, whether they come back with their souls or people. Are these "Wusong"? The final fate of the gold circle coupons is that the depreciation rate far exceeds that of the French currency. According to the statistics of Kong Xiangxi, Wang Yunwu and Inflation, the manager of the Savings Office of the Central Trust Bureau, Zhu Shikang: "As of May 25, 1949, when Shanghai was liberated, the gold circle coupons The total number of issuances reached 80 trillion yuan. The depreciation of the gold circle notes in less than ten months was 100 times faster than the depreciation rate of legal currency in 14 years." How old are you?In the 16th century in England, "Gresham's law" (Gresham's law) appeared, proclaiming to the world the truth that "bad money drives out good money" (bad money drives out good), and economists all over the world pursue it. However, Their economics were all "wrong". It turned out that the gold dollar coupons were so bad that they expelled themselves in the end. ——When the denomination of 500,000 finally appeared, Chiang Kai-shek's central printing factory was finally overwhelmed.It turned out that the cost of printing that piece of paper was more than half a million.Economists throughout the ages, no one thought that "bad money drives out bad money" can go so far? From this point of view, Jiang and his sons do have their own set of "Shanghai economics", although the nose and eyes are swollen on the gold dollar coupons. , but in "economics" they are arrogant, they overturned the 400-year-old "Greiser's Law"? Of course, the Jiangs and their sons must have their accomplices in doing evil with "Shanghai economics", and the culprit is the Minister of Finance Wang Yunwu.In his later years, Wang Yunwu confessed the matter in "Xiulu 80's Self-Report" and quoted Fu Sinian and others' encouraging letters to show off himself. It can be said that he is old and unscrupulous.According to the investigation of Shou Chongyi's "Wang Yunwu and the Golden Yuan Coupon", two of the most prominent accomplices were minister Wang Yunwu and deputy minister Xu Baiyuan.The preliminary judgment of this article is: "Regarding the drafting of the golden round coupon plan, Wang and Xu conspired together. Xu was the one who launched it at the beginning, and Wang was the one who worked hard later." This statement should be untrue.Xu Baiyuan is definitely not a good person, but his common sense of economics should be better than Jiang's father and son and Wang Yunwu.He worked carefully as an accountant for Chiang Kai-shek all his life, and the boss was wronged by Jiang Yanshi and Li Huan.Does this kind of coward who is scared of the Golden Bowl case still dare to come up with the idea of ​​making gold coupons? In Chapter 20 of his best-selling The Soong Dynasty, Sterling Seagrave recounts how, in February 1949, Chiang Kai-shek was forced to leave the The treasury gold was smuggled to Taipei and so on.Although Seagrave is thorough and subtle, but because he is a foreign devil, it is inevitable that he is separated from China affairs.For example, he said that in April 1949, "The real reason Chiang Kai-shek came to Shanghai was to ask Big Ear Du and the Green Gang to assist him in robbing the 'Bank of China'".This is wrong.Because in fact, the Chiang Kai-shek in 1949 is no longer the Chiang Kai-shek of more than 20 years ago. He really does not need the "assistance of Big Ear Du (Du Yuesheng) and the Green Gang" to "rob the Bank of China" ".Seagrave said that "the Kuomintang troops set up a cordon around several streets around the bank." How can someone who can mobilize a large number of troops like this still have to rely on the underworld to "assist" and "rob" the bank?Another example is that Seagrave said: "Chiang Kai-shek's plan to rob the Bank of China was carried out very carefully. A dirty cargo ship was moored by the seaside road opposite the Cathay Hotel. The coolies on board were dressed in shabby clothes. Clothes are actually disguised by first-class naval soldiers." This is not true either.Because in fact, what was sent out at that time was a warship at all, not "a dirty cargo ship".Another example is that Seagrave said that the "Bank of China" was "looted", which is also wrong.Because in fact, it is not the "Bank of China" but the "Central Bank"... All these flaws are the shortcomings of this "Song Dynasty".However, this "looting" incident written by Seagrave is worthy of careful investigation and its ins and outs, which is quite interesting. Regarding this incident, there are many clues to be found in Chiang Ching-kuo's diary for this year - "Autumn of Critical Survival".The article of February 10, 1949 said: The central bank's transfer of gold and silver to safe areas is an important task.However, a small number of financial and fiscal authorities did not know much about this at first, so after various contacts, explanations and arrangements, until today, most of the gold and silver can be transported to Taiwan and Xiamen, and only 200,000 taels of gold are left in Shanghai. If the crystallization of blood and sweat of compatriots cannot be preserved responsibly and used properly, it is a great crime to use it for unnecessary waste or even for bandits. March 11 under the article: ... Li Zongren will definitely use all the deposits transported to Taixia. March 22 under the article: Li Zongren mobilized some legislators to ask the government to transport back the cash deposited in Taiwan and Xiamen for half a year, and it was exhausted.This kind of despicable conspiracy does not hesitate to ruin the life of the country and the people, and it is also a pleasure to use the money to bandits, how painful? Under the May 3rd article: At a time when the wind and rain are turbulent, people's hearts are floating, and loyal people are trying to turn the crisis around, Li Zongren suddenly wrote to his father from Guilin to discuss "conditions" such as personnel, military power, and finance.He wants to get the gold in stock that has been shipped to Taiwan, and asks his father not to interfere with state affairs, suggesting that it is best to "go abroad as soon as possible."In addition to the pain in my father's heart, because of the deep misunderstanding and suspicion of President Li Dai, I wrote to President He, please convey it to President Li and the comrades in the Central Committee.In the letter, Acting President Li was first requested to come to Guangzhou immediately to lead the government.The second shows that political reforms cannot be achieved in a short period of two or three months. It is necessary to cultivate morality, be honest and trustworthy, and persist for a long time.The third is that he has no intention of reinstatement.Fourth, for the first five of Li's six requirements, give the following answer: "1. Since the power of the presidency is exercised by Li, the acting president has the right to freely adjust the military, political and personnel affairs in accordance with the Constitution, and no one can violate it. 2. When he was in office, he ordered Transfer the gold and silver stored in the treasury to a safe place; after retiring, I have never heard of it again. All cashier receipts and payments are carried out in accordance with the routine, and the books of the Ministry of Finance and the Central Bank are all available for inspection. No one can interfere unreasonably and make arbitrary payments arts……" Among Chiang Ching-kuo's diaries, what attracts our attention the most is the second item in Chiang Kai-shek's "reply" to President Lee recorded on May 3.Chiang Kai-shek said: "When I was in office, in order to prevent the country's wealth from being hijacked by the Communist Party, I ordered the gold and silver stored in the treasury to be transferred to a safe place and retired. I have never heard of it again." The ten-day diary proved to be inconsistent with the facts.February 10th was the day when "most of the gold and silver were deposited in Taiwan and Xiamen", but Chiang Kai-shek was out of office on January 21st, and 21 days after he was out of office, "the gold and silver stored in the treasury" was still able to leave President Li's control has been "transferred". Isn't this a strange thing in the world?If it is said that Chiang Kai-shek "has never acted and heard about it after his retirement", then who has the courage, power and arms to "transfer" the treasury?A mere central banker himself?A mere finance minister?Who believes it?What's more, Chiang Ching-kuo provided us with new clues in his book "My Father": Regarding the transfer process of the gold in stock mentioned in Li Zongren's letter, I should add here a few words: When Shanghai was about to retreat, my father sent a few of us to Shanghai to persuade the central bank to move all the gold in stock to Taiwan Come.Before leaving, my father repeatedly asked us: "Must keep a secret? Choose" because it has long been expected that Li Zongren must use the stock of gold as one of the conditions for the "peace talks".Later, this batch of gold was shipped to Taiwan very smoothly.In the initial stage of the government's relocation to Taiwan, without this batch of gold to make up for it, the financial and economic situation would have been unimaginable. Chiang Ching-kuo also said: After the stockpiled gold arrived in Taiwan, my father remembered that there was still a box of national jewelry stored in the Central Trust Bureau; he ordered us to rush to Shanghai to persuade the Trust Bureau to also ship this box of jewelry to Taiwan. Here, Chiang Ching-kuo clearly revealed: when Shanghai was about to retreat, it was in late April 1949, that is, more than 90 days after Chiang Kai-shek was out of office, he could still, as a non-presidential "civilian", " Sent "Jiang Jingguo" and other "several people" to Shanghai to "persuade the central bank to move all the gold in stock to Taiwan"? Choose and move again and again, even the last "box of jewelry"? Choose to ask if this is " After retiring, haven't you heard about "gold and silver transfer" again?It is said that "after retiring, I have never seen and heard again", who would believe it?What's more, in the "Biography of President Chiang" written by Dong Xianguang, the former "Information Director" of the Kuomintang, everything written is the masterpiece of Chiang Kai-shek "after his retirement". Dong Xianguang said: In February, there is a chance to retake the country's important assets from the victorious "Communist Party".President Jiang was convinced that the mainland would not be immune to fall, so he ordered Yu Hongjun, the capable and reliable president of the Central Bank, to transport the government's gold deposits to Taipei to avoid falling into the hands of the enemy in the future.When these deposits arrive in Taiwan, they will be able to support the government's resistance to the "Communist Party" when necessary.Yu Hongjun immediately complied with the order, and the deposit transportation was completed on February 20th.Li Zongren was very angry when he heard the news.President Jiang was also afraid that this deposit would stay in Li's hands, and it was inevitable that the peace talks would be for nothing, and an additional transaction target would be added.Fortunately, President Jiang moved the deposits quickly and quietly, so Li was not able to occupy them first. According to Dong Xianguang, it really opened our eyes. Although the "Republic of China" has entered the era of "constitutional government", there is actually a "President Chiang" of the party. With the "status of president" of the party, he can order "secret Transport the gold stored by the government to Taipei"? In addition to Jiang Jingguo's black and white words, clues can also be found in the deeds of other participants.Yu Hongjun served as the mayor of Shanghai, succeeded Kong Xiangxi as the Minister of Finance in 1944, and became the President of the Central Bank in 1945.In 1948, the cabinet was reshuffled, and he was appointed as the governor of the Central Bank.Two days before Chiang Kai-shek stepped down in 1949 (January 19), he resigned from the position of governor of the Central Bank and was succeeded by Vice President Liu Siye.In other words, he was no longer the president of the Central Bank at this time, but he still "resolutely overcame the criticism and obstruction of all parties, secretly transported all the gold in stock, and transported all the gold to Taiwan with a customs cruiser within a few nights." ("Mr. Yu Hongjun's Stories of Xinhui", "Mr. Yu Hongjun's Commemorative Collection") It seems that Yu Hongjun secretly transported gold in stock while he was the governor of the Central Bank. (See Yanyuan's "Mr. Yu Hongjun's Demeanor", "United Daily News", June 2, 1960) Isn't it a miracle that a commoner without public office can actually preside over the transfer of gold in the state treasury?What kind of rule of law is this?Also according to Yu Wenhua's interview with Yan Jiagan in the article "Grieving the Loss of a Good Teacher and Helpful Friend" (June 2, 1960, "Zili Evening News"): Yan said that the reason why we did not encounter much financial difficulties during the few years in Taiwan was because of Mr. Yu's contribution to the country.At the beginning of the thirty-eighth year, the president retired, and all the gold in the country, which was in the millions of taels, was stored in Shanghai at that time, but the acting president Li Zongren forbade it to be moved. The Yu family overcame all difficulties and shipped boxes of gold to Taiwan from the central bank in Shanghai. , safe in the vault of the Bank of Taiwan.On June 1, 1943, he took charge of the Executive Yuan and organized the "Cabinet of Finance and Economics".Thanks to this finance minister, the country did not encounter financial difficulties in the darkest period. It can also be disproved that when the gold was secretly transported at that time, it was "prohibited to transport" by "acting president Li Zongren". The president could not stop a private person without public office from transporting gold in the treasury, which shows how rampant this kind of private has become.If there is no support from Chiang Kai-shek behind the scenes, would the private dare?Can?Chiang Kai-shek's testimonial to Yu Hongjun was "respecting the law and being pragmatic". After seeing what Yu Hongjun did, "pragmatic" may be there, but "respecting the law" is a thousand miles away, right?Look again at Wang Kang's "Greatness in the Ordinary" (Central Daily, June 2, 1960): At the beginning of the thirty-eighth, the president retired, and all the country's gold was in the millions of taels, which were all stored in Shanghai at that time, but the acting president Li Zongren forbade them to move them. To make matters worse, the Yu family kept silent and secretly negotiated with Vice President Chen, who was the chairman of Taiwan Province at the time, and decided to transport all the gold to Taiwan. In the middle of a certain night, the commander-in-chief of the navy Gui Yongqing secretly ordered a warship to berth at At the wharf near the Central Bank of Huangpu Beach in Shanghai, the streets near the Central Bank were under temporary martial law. Boxes of gold were quietly transported onto the warship.Two days later, Chairman Chen telegraphed Mrs. Yu that all the gold had been safely stored in the vault of the Bank of Taiwan. Mrs. Yu, who was sitting in the office of the president of the central bank on the Bund, felt that the heavy burden on her shoulders was suddenly lightened. After Yu Hongjun's death, the commemorative text revealed that he was in charge of moving the gold in the treasury, and only mentioned Yan Jiagan who was in Taiwan.At that time, Yan was serving as the Minister of Finance of the Taiwan Provincial Government, and he was helping to sort out the central bank’s materials and gold that had been evacuated from the mainland to Taiwan (Yu Wenhua, "The Lost Mentor and Helpful Friend", Zili Evening News, June 2, 1960) , but missed the mention of Wu Songqing, the "chief coach" who was moving in Shanghai.Wu was born as the Secretary of the Confidential Office of Chiang Kai-shek's Military Commission. He also served as the head of the confidentiality department.Later, she became the secretary of Song Meiling and the director secretary of the Air Navigation Commission.Later, he served as the director of the grain and fodder department, the deputy director of the military supply department, the manager and director of the military service department, the director of the Hubei provincial finance department, and the director of the financial department of the staff and logistics headquarters.After arriving in Taiwan, he became the "Deputy Commander-in-Chief of the Joint Logistics Headquarters" and served as the chairman of the Tangrong Iron Works for 12 years until he retired.In "Songqing Eighty Self-Report", he never mentioned that he moved the gold in the treasury in Shanghai, and he was really able to keep a secret.Unexpectedly, one of his subordinates, Zhan Tefang, wrote "The Process of Chiang Kai-shek's Stealing of Gold, Silver Dollars and Foreign Currencies", which gave him vent.Zhan Tefang recalled: Wu is an insider, not very well-known to the outside world, and his status is not high, but he can hook up with Jiang himself through the relationship in the attendant room.Of course, it will not be pulled away by the Guangxi Clan.Jiang stipulated: All these hard currencies are in the hands of Jiang himself, and Wu is personally responsible to Jiang. Reports on matters such as expenditure transfer and distribution are directly sent to Jiang himself for approval, and cannot be transferred by anyone. The payment must be seen by Jiang. Only when I personally approve the slip can it be processed. ...Because of these working relationships, I gradually learned a little bit about the inside story of Chiang Kai-shek's core group and the embezzlement of gold and silver dollars. According to Zhan Tefang's recollection of the detailed account of "misappropriation" at that time, there were three major parts: "foreign currency", "gold" and "silver dollar".In the "foreign currency" section, Zhan Tefang said "about 80 million U.S. dollars" (this number, Zhan listened to Wu Songqing's oral discussion, and after the foreign currency was proposed, it was immediately handed over to the Bank of Taiwan), because at that time "actually everyone understood , the mainland is already untenable. Therefore, try to separate the Taiwan dollar from the gold-dollar bills. The Taiwan dollar is directly pegged to the U.S. currency. The government can issue gold-dollar notes on the mainland without any scruples. Every time it retreats, the gold-dollar notes in the hands of the people are just a piece of waste paper and will not affect Taiwan’s finances. Where does the reserve for Taiwan dollars come from? Mainly this withdrawal foreign currency". "Taiwan is managed by Chen Cheng there, and Li Zongren can't get involved at all."In the "gold" section, Zhan Tefang said: "The original report of the Central Bank was 900,000 taels. After this thorough check, the actual deposit was 920,000 taels, which was 20,000 taels more. Most of them were gold nuggets. The block ranges from more than ten catties to more than twenty catties, and the color and weight are engraved on the surface of the block." "There are also more than 4,200 taels of gold, which are said to be kept by Chiang Kai-shek privately. It is a special account called a special gold deposit, and the gold is still mixed together. This was originally a deception. Since Chiang Kai-shek gained the ruling power, he has already turned his family into a country, and then turned the country into a family. For example, this time he Taiwan, immediately withdraw all the gold, silver dollars and foreign currencies from the central bank. Which one is this according to the bank’s regulations? Aren’t many private grants wholesaled by Chiang Kai-shek in the past all spent in the gold and silver of the treasury (four thousand and two More than a hundred taels, which have not been moved)?" In the "silver dollar" section, Zhan Tefang said: "About thirty million yuan." According to records, three batches were transported away, totaling more than 2.775 million taels of gold, 15.2 million silver dollars, and more than 15.37 million U.S. dollars.In addition, Tang Enbo took away more than 198,000 taels of gold and 1.2 million silver dollars. Zhan Tefang recalled the process of "appropriation" and said: The blood and sweat of the people mentioned above were all taken away by Wu Songqing in the name of military expenses. Among them, the gold and silver dollars were transported from Shanghai to Xiamen by a naval warship, stored in Xiamen for a short period of time, and then moved to Taiwan.At that time, the people in charge of this work included Dong Decheng, Deputy Director of the Revenue and Expenditure Department of the Finance Department, and Li Guanglie, Chief of the General Affairs Section, etc., but they were all temporarily transferred, and some people may not know the inside story. According to the "Constitution of the Republic of China", when Chiang Kai-shek handed over the presidency in accordance with Article 49, he was no longer a president but a commoner.This is common sense, needless to say.Even Chiang Kai-shek himself had to admit it.On April 27, 1948, he published the "Letter to the Compatriots of the Nation for the Dismantlement of Nanjing" (that is, "Peace and Desperate Struggle to the End"), saying that he "retired from the wild" and "was a member of the nation."But the above-mentioned actual actions, we can already see that this "member of the nation" is really powerful? Electing him can actually bypass the president and directly remove the gold in the treasury? President Li Zongren's memory, so don't have any understanding.According to Li Zongren's oral "Memoirs of Li Zongren" written by Tang Degang, Li Zongren said: The first basic reason that prevents me from doing anything is that when Mr. Jiang decided to retire, he was ready to abandon the mainland and surrender to Taiwan... In order to arrange this retreat, Mr. 48) On December 29, Sun Ke's Executive Yuan was suddenly ordered to appoint Chen Cheng as the chairman of Taiwan Province. ... After Chen Cheng took office, Mr. Jiang secretly ordered all the silver dollars, gold, and U.S. banknotes stored in the treasury to be transported to Taiwan.Since the "Golden Yuan Notes" were issued in August 37th of the Republic of China, the government has wiped out all the silver dollars, gold, and U.S. banknotes hidden by the people. ... The total amount is about US$500 million. ... Therefore, on the day I took office as acting president, I had no money at hand. In order to maintain military pay and stabilize people's hearts, I ordered the Executive Yuan to order the Ministry of Finance to return part of the treasury's silver dollars and gold bills shipped to Taiwan for backup.However, Chen Cheng, who was in charge of custody in Taiwan, acted silently in defiance of Jiang's suggestions. Li Zongren also pointed out that after Chiang Kai-shek retired, he set up seven radio stations in Xikou's hometown and commanded the army at will.Chiang Kai-shek appealed in the "Retirement Scheme and Book Report" to "hope that the military and civilians of the whole country and governments at all levels will work together with sincerity, one heart and one mind, and praise Vice President Li."It's a pity that in terms of military and financial power, he gave "Vice President Li" a golden cicada to get out of the shell and draw a salary from the bottom of the pot. In the end, the soldiers were withdrawn and the gold was transported away. "Together with sincerity, one heart and one virtue", what a "Yi Zan", this is really the biggest joke and joke in modern Chinese history, Chinese constitutional history, and Chinese political party history.