Chapter 25 Chapter 4 The Birth of a Political Party (2)

He started a new life. The circle he associates with is large, and the people he associates with are various, but they all have one thing in common, that is, they love everything in Germany and fear Marxism.There was a physician in Munich who believed in the wobbling of the stars and claimed that it gave him the ability to spot a Jew in any crowd.Even more interesting is Captain Ernst Rohm, who is gay and a former company commander.Romm was a model officer, a reliable comrade in danger, short and fat, with neatly cropped hair and an amusing smile.He was a living monument to the war: with the tip of his nose knocked off and a deep bullet mark on his face, he was now an officer in the Wehrmacht.He once said, "Because I am a villain and immature, I am more interested in wars and riots than in the ordinary lives of your citizens." From the first time the two men met in a nationalist group ( From the time they met at the secret meeting of "Iron Fist"), Rohm was convinced that this dedicated corporal was the most suitable person to lead the "German Workers' Party". The working-class character of Lechsler-Halley's organization.It was these soldiers who kept order at the noisy meeting.Blood and suffering bound Hitler and Rohm because they had both contributed to the fraternity of front-line fighters.Although Roehm had recently succeeded Captain Mel as Hitler's commander, he insisted that Hitler use the nickname "You" for him.This close relationship also led to Hitler being accepted by other officers.

Hitler was even more intimate with the writer Dietrich Eckart.Eckart has said that a new generation of political leaders must be able to withstand the roar of machine guns. "I'd rather have an insignificant monkey, as long as he can give a stinging answer to the Reds and not run away when the crowd throws a table leg at a group of learned professors." Also, the person should be a bachelor. “That way we can attract women!” Despite their age gap (21 years) and backgrounds (Eckart is a college student and educated), they became friends, not just political acquaintances.Both are Bohemians and can speak the language of the lower classes; both are nationalists and both hate Jews.Eckart believed that any Jew who married a Germanic woman should be imprisoned for 3 years, and if he persisted in committing crimes, he would be executed.

Eckart is a romantic revolutionary, a master of café arguments.He is sentimental and looks at life with a cold eye. He is a sincere charlatan who often appears on the stage.He was a drug addict and an alcoholic, and his vulgarity was marked by traces of his social background.Hitler enjoyed the company of the fiery, eloquent intellectual pirate while he played Folsdorf for Hitler's Prince Henry in the raunchy night world of Munich The character is a representative of bragging—translation).Eckart became Hitler's mentor.He gave Hitler a military overcoat, corrected his grammar, showed him fancy restaurants and cafés, and introduced him to celebrity literati (“This is the man who will one day liberate Germany.”) The two often spent time together. Talk about music, literature, art, and politics together for hours.The relationship with the gruff writer left indelible marks on Hitler.

A few weeks after the Hofbrau mass meeting, the two ventured together to Berlin.The "Elite Free Corps" led by General Holder von Luttwitz was disbanded after being ordered by the Weimar socialist government. Instead of disbanding, they went to the capital, occupied Berlin, and installed their own chancellor—— It was served by an ordinary official named Karp.Both Hitler and Eckart saw great potential in the uprising of Kapp's right group and both volunteered to go to Berlin in order to decide whether joint revolutionary action in Bavaria was possible.Captain Romm approved the plan and sent them on a sports trainer.This is Hitler's plane.The pilot, Lieutenant Robert Lieter von Graham, was a first-class pilot in wartime. He was very young and won the "Flying Award". Later, he became the last commander in chief of Hitler's air force.The weather was bad that day, and despite Graham's flying skills, Hitler kept throwing up.The mission nearly went bankrupt as the transit airport was occupied by striking workers.Later, Hitler took advantage of his quick wit and glued a goatee on himself, while Eckart made up as a peddler, so that they were allowed to go to Berlin.After the plane landed in Berlin, Hitler paled and vowed never to fly again.

Although Berlin gave up its gates on March 13 without firing a single shot, their victory was in vain.No one of status would want to serve in the cabinet of Karp's "Chancellor".This hastily planned uprising was a disastrous failure from the start, and it was not counter-offensive or sabotage that made it fail.Like the people of the whole country, Berliners were swept up in a wave of opposition to the military by rising anti-military sentiments.They felt that it would be impossible to carry out a revolution any longer, so when the Albert government called for a general strike, the workers fully supported it, making it impossible for the Kapp regime to govern.The electricity was cut off, trams and underground traffic came to a standstill; there was no water in the city, garbage rotting in the streets; shops and offices were closed, and only Berlin's nightlife, which took place in the dark or by candlelight, remained unaffected.The corruption is fueled by an overmade movie about a group of 11-year-old whores in heavy make-up who compete with high-booted Amazons.There are still cafes and restaurants in the city for all tastes and "hobbies" - gays, lesbians, nudists, sadists and masochists.Nudity has become erotic, and what art pursues is obscenity, fantasy and world-weariness at its best.Berlin was the center of activity for the artists of the 叇叇 school, and the poet Holt Mehring wrote a poem using biting sarcasm and slang to paint Berliners a dire picture of the future:

Come on, boys, Let's go merrily to the slaughterhouse, Tighten your belt and drive away the Jewish wolf. Bring the poison gas and the swastika, To the crowd to kill a! The general strike of the Elbert government turned out to be Frankenstein's bogeyman.Cap's power was shattered, but opened the way for another wave of insurgency on the left.The confusion unleashed by the communists throughout Germany had reached such a level that President Ebert had to appeal to General von Seeckt, who had resigned from the government a few days earlier, as commander-in-chief of the entire armed forces in order to smash the Redist rebellion.His first act was to regroup the recently disbanded Free Corps.Events and developments are indeed ironic: yesterday's rebels are called today to enforce law and order.It was also a farce that only a school playwright could have written: Elbert gave the Free Corps the exact same bonus that the Karp regime had promised them to overthrow his government.

The task before the reorganized "Free Corps" is arduous.In Saxony the Soviet Republic had seized power; by March 20 a Red Army of 50,000 workers had occupied most of the Ruhr area.On the same day, the Communist Party's "Echo Ruhr" announced that the red banner of victory must be flown throughout the country. "Germany must become a republic of Soviets, united with Soviet Russia, and become the springboard for world revolution and the victory of world socialism." On April 3, the "Free Corps" swept across the Ruhr area, wiped out the strongholds of the Red Army, and brutally treated the remaining Red Army. "If I tell you," wrote a young soldier of the "Freedom Corps" in his letter home, "you will say that I am lying. I will never forgive... We even shot and killed 10 Red Cross nurses in the Red Army because, They had pistols on them. We killed the little girls, and we had a good time killing them—how they yelled, how they begged for life! Absolutely not! The one with the gun is the enemy!"

By the time Hitler and Eckart arrived in Berlin on their sickening plane from Munich, the Kapp Revolt was drawing to a close.From the airport they went directly to the Reich Chancellery, where they spoke to Karp's press representative, the Hungarian Jew Trebig Lincoln.The man was an adventurer and a bit of a rascal—in New York he had been arrested as an agent of the Kaiser.He told them that the Capu had just fled, and that they had better not reveal their identities, lest they be arrested.When it was discovered that the man in charge was a Jew, Eckart allegedly grabbed Hitler by the arm and said, "Come on, Adolf, there's nothing else to do here!"

However, in order to meet their hero Ludendorff, they still went to the capital.In normal times, Ludendorff was preparing to flee south in disguise and consulted with many North Germans who shared the same views, including the "Steel Helmet" party members, members of the super-nationalist group composed of old soldiers, and a large number of "civilians" funded by industrialists. "The leaders of the organization, etc.Eckart also introduced his students to salons hosted by the piano maker's wife, Herren Bechstein.Upon meeting, she was immediately smitten with the "young German savior" and promised to introduce him to other influential figures in her circle.

On March 31, Hitler returned to Munich.On the same day, he became a civilian.This may be voluntary, but more likely mandated to do so.He packed his knapsack and received a discharge fee of 50 marks, as well as a coat, a hat, a coat, some pairs of shorts, a set of underwear, a shirt, some pairs of socks and shoes.He sublets a small room at 41 Dulci Street.It is a middle-class residence, near the Isar River.Most of them are three or four-story buildings, with shops or offices downstairs and small units or single rooms upstairs. Hitler's house was small, fifteen feet long and eight feet wide, not much bigger than the house he lived in Mannerheim.It’s the coldest house on the building, and according to the landlord Erlanger, “Some of the guests who rented this room got sick. We use it now as a utility room, and no one will rent it again.”

It was no accident that Hitler chose housing just a stone's throw away from the Munich Observer.The newspaper, which has changed its name to the Volk Observer, continues to serve as a mouthpiece for anti-Semitic and anti-Marxists.Hitler's anti-Semitic thoughts were mostly reflected in this newspaper.Not long ago, for example, the headline on the front page of this paper read "Give the Jews a Color! "The author believes that no matter how cruel the measures are, all Jews should be removed from Germany.Most of these articles were written by Russian fugitives, and Hitler learned a lot about the increasingly dangerous situation of communism. His own first goal was the Jews and the peace treaty, and the struggle against Marxism was second.Both he and Eckart admired the dedication of the German Communists and wished to win them over.In an article entitled "Germanic and Jewish Bolshevism," Eckart even recommends what he called "Germanic Bolshevism."Once, in a speech (with Hitler sitting next to him), he told a party meeting that the German Communists had ideals and that they were unconsciously fighting to save Germany. The Russian fugitives vehemently opposed this compromise.Both in their articles and in their conversations, their statements about the dangers of Bolshevism increasingly influenced Hitler.Among these "doom believers" from the East, the most convincing is Alfred Rosenberg, the young architect and painter from Estonia.When they met for the first time, neither of them had a deep impression of each other. "I'd be lying if I said he fascinated me," recalls Rosenberg.It was only after hearing his public speeches that he became fascinated by Hitler. "Here I see how a veteran of the front fights this struggle with his bare hands, clearly and convincingly, with the courage of a free man. After listening to him for 15 minutes, the reason he caught my attention That's it." In the months that followed, as Rosenberg's articles appeared in Eckart's Weekly and other ethnic and racist publications, the two became close and admired each other.Particularly impressive to Hitler, Rosenberg said that Bolshevism was nothing more than the first step in a vast global strategy of Jewish world conquest.The final "evidence" was obtained the day after the historic Hofbrous conference.On that day, the "People's Observer" published the "Protocol for the Restoration of the Elders".This protocol is believed to be the "Revival of the Elders" held in Basel, Switzerland.Written report of 24 secret meetings conspired to conquer the world (*This "protocol" was drafted in France, hotbed of anti-Semitism, by agents of the Tsar, and published a few years later in Russia at the end of the nineteenth century. First published in Germany a year after the Armistice, in a Russian immigrant magazine, it had no major impact. It was an amateur forgery, but it was preached gospel by Wilhelm II and Nicholas II. After the massacre of the Russian royal family. A Protocol, a Bible and a copy were found in the residence of the Tsar of Ekaterinburg). The Protocols were evidence of Hitler's prejudice and fear of the Jews and a turning point in his relationship with Rosenberg.From then on, Hitler took Rosenberg's warnings against Bolshevism to heart, and the hitherto side issue of communism gradually gained weight in the party's creed. Hitler was by no means alone in accepting the Protocol.In May of that year, The Times of London published a long article claiming that the "Protocol" was an authentic document written by Jews for Jews and should be taken seriously.Anti-Semitism was first preached by professing Christians; the Protocols not only circulated in all European countries, but also flowed into and published in North and South America, which aggravated malicious anti-Semitism.For centuries, Catholics have been taught that Jesus was murdered by the Jews; the first Protestant, Martin Luther, also attacked that the Jews not only turned God into a devil, but were themselves "plagues, epidemics." , an out-and-out disaster.” In short, the Jews are the great enemy of Christianity and the whole world, and must be dealt with decisively. Hitler's hatred of the Jews mainly came from himself at the end of the war and the subsequent revolution*?Observations made (* Ironically, Erlanger, Hitler's landlord at this time, was a Jew, and he has fond memories: "I used to meet him on the stairs and at the door—he was always writing What...he never made me feel, he treated me differently.") And what he got from Rosenberg, Tourette, or from Goppino, Luther, and other famous anti-Semites, only supported the only his own conclusions.From these people, he just takes what he needs.Perhaps, it was those pamphlets and poison-spouting, anti-Semitic low-level right-wing newspapers that had a deeper impact on him.Since his early days (in Vienna) he had devoured these vulgar articles alive.The seeds sown by these low literatures finally bore fruit on August 13, 1920, at the famous Hofbraus mass meeting in Munich. He spoke for two hours on the topic of "Why We Are Against the Jews".He begins by categorically declaring that only his party "can free you from Jewish power!" He elaborates on how the Jews have been polluting society since the Middle Ages.His speeches lacked originality and rhythm, but their publicity was remarkable.His anti-Semitic thoughts originally came from his own things, not from history, but he has a genius for ingeniously combining historical facts with current events and inciting hatred just right.His words were often interrupted by approving applause and laughter, and the audience applauded him a dozen times.The audience's reaction was especially frenzied when he saw the Jews as nomads engaged in "highway robbery." Hitler's early attacks on the Jews paled in comparison to his carefully orchestrated denunciations.He publicly attacked for the first time that the Jewish conspiracy was international in nature, and that their advocacy of the equality of all nations and international solidarity was nothing more than a conspiracy to disintegrate the morale of other nations.Previously, he called the Jews vile, immoral, and parasites; today, the Jews are saboteurs, robbers, and vermin seeking to "destroy all peoples."Hitler called for a full and tenacious fight.East and West Jews, good or bad, poor or rich, are all the same, there is no difference, because this is a fight against the Jewish race. The slogan "Workers of the world unite!" no longer applies.The battle cry should be "Anti-Semitic people all over the world unite!", "European people seek liberation!" In short, what Hitler wanted was "a complete solution."Although he mentioned this point vaguely, it was vicious: "Purge the Jews from our people!" Hitler had already taken a big step on the road of anti-Semitism.Earlier in the year, the Munich Post had amused Hitler's parody and ridicule of the Jews, "Adolf Hitler is like a comedian, his speeches are like jugglers." Acknowledged Hitler's magic from the pulpit. "You have to believe that if there's one thing worth mentioning about Hitler, it's that he was the best mob agitator in Munich." However, he was much more than a troublemaker, and he didn't just call out racists.Also interested in his call to activism against the Jews were those whose ultimate goal was to build a great empire—respectable, middle-aged citizens of the middle class.As early as 1913, these people believed in the words of the president of the "Pan German Mission" Henrich Klaas. "The Jewish nation is the source of all dangers. The Jews and the Germans are incompatible." Krass asserted that someone would rise up and lead them to fight against the Jews. "We are waiting for the Führer! Patience! Patience! He will come. Persevere, work hard, unite!" The outlines of Hitler's speeches from this period show how much he feared the Jews. "Bloodthirsty Jews! Cutting off the spiritual leadership of the people. Mortuaries of Russia." "Jews as dictators and Germany today. Democracy and dictatorship - no, Jews and Germans. Does anyone understand?" "Hunger in peacetime (inflation) through the stock market and speculation? The need for luxuries, etc. Who benefits? The Jews . ""The world revolution means the capitulation of the whole world to the dictatorship of Judaism, the master of the world exchange." From these quotations it can be seen that Hitler's fear and hatred is developing into a political philosophy.At the same time, the still hazy concept of foreign policy was taking shape.In September of that year, he told his audience: "Our hands and feet are bound and our mouths are gagged. Even if we lose our ability to resist, we are not afraid to go to war with France." In addition, he considered forming an alliance with a foreign country. question.Soon he declared: "For us the enemy sits on the other side of the Rhine, not in Italy or elsewhere." Also, he made the first public attack on Jewish internationalism—perhaps inspired by Rosenberg and the Protocols. the result of inspiration.He equated Jews with internationalism and chose Italy as an ally against France; these were preliminary concepts, but they also showed that he was working hard to develop a foreign policy that was both logical and feasible.What he brought from the battlefield filled with gunpowder was the inherent beliefs and prejudices of frontline soldiers; what he derived from a series of red revolutions that brought trauma to people were the inherent beliefs and prejudices of ordinary people.Now, he is finally sorting out his system.But his primary goal, the hatred of the Jews that had been present and present since his struggling years in Vienna, was not at all inherent. In the realm of actual politics, Adolf Hitler was picking up the pace.Almost with his bare hands, he expanded the base of the party - now known as the "National Socialist Workers' Party of Germany".The name, he hopes, will inspire and inspire people, scare the faint of heart and attract those willing to shed their blood for their dreams. In the same spirit, Hitler insisted that his own party flag should stand alongside the bright red banner of the Communist Party. "We need flags that outshine them." More than the Reds, but "very different," recalls Drexler.Finally, a dentist from Steinberg handed over a banner, a swastika used when the local party was founded, on a black, white, and red background.The swastika - which means 'all-encompassing' in Sanskrit - has long been the Teutonic warrior mark, used by Lance von Lebenfels, the Turi Society, the Free Corps and many Units are also used.For centuries, it represented not only the Europeans, but also the sun disc or the beginning and end of life of some tribes in North America.Thereafter, perhaps forever, the swastika will acquire some sinister connotation.