Chapter 23 Precarious

The Communist Party held its Fifth Congress in the precarious city of Wuhan, and the Kuomintang delegation attended the Communist Party meeting for the first time.Mao Zedong socialized without enthusiasm at the meeting. Things are worse than he imagined.The Communist Party, with 60,000 members, is at the peak of popular support, but its upper echelons have lost the way forward. The main problem is that Moscow is still clinging to the united front. Professor Chen Duxiu is not satisfied with this, but he has to let nature take its course. Mao Zedong's views on land issues met with strong opposition.His colleagues were so dissatisfied with him that they revoked his voting rights.He doesn't speak much and he must have realized he was going to lose his job as Minister of Farmers.But when his premonition came true (a Russian literary expert, Qu Qiubai, replaced him), he was still frustrated.He has not attended the meeting since then.

Qu Qiubai (1899-1936), a Marxist theorist, proletarian revolutionist, and one of the early leaders of the Communist Party of China. As the meeting, which ultimately led to disaster for the party, continued, Mao lounged in his villa, strolling by the East Lake, Guishan and Snake Mountains. * * Luo Yi recalled that Mao Zedong "couldn't stop for a moment" in Wuhan.He always arrives at the meeting halfway, and walks away after delivering a hard-edged speech.According to Mao Zedong, this was because the "peasant masses were suffering" in Hunan and he could not live comfortably in Wuhan.See Roy in New Republic, 9/3/51.

Under the direction of the Comintern, the Communist Party continued to live in Chiang Kai-shek's oven.The peasant question has drawn in the left wing elements of the Kuomintang.Eager to get out of it, they handed over the Kuomintang to Chiang Kai-shek.Now there are only two choices: either carry out the peasant revolution, or obey Chiang Kai-shek and various warlords. The Communist Party did not choose either path! The left wing of the Kuomintang eventually chose Chiang Kai-shek. In July, they began to turn their finger on the Communist Party in Wuhan.Like the rest of China, it is white terror.By midsummer, the Chinese revolution seemed to be coming to an end.

The incident in Hunan was the beginning of a right turn in the situation. In May, some military officers under the command of the warlords turned their guns on the leftists, and Mao Zedong disguised himself as a freight train and went south to try to regroup and resist. In Changsha, soldiers chanted "Long Live Chiang Kai-shek," broke into union offices, and shot unarmed union members and students, forcing them to shout "Long Live Chiang Kai-shek."Mao was lucky not to be one of the 30,000 people killed in Hunan that summer. Mao Zedong was a little desperate, but tried his best to save.He organized workers and peasants to resist the repression, but he also believed that he should go to the governor himself to persuade them to stop this action.

Incredibly, Professor Chen Duxiu - and Moscow - still want to mend the united front.Chen Duxiu ordered Mao Zedong to leave Hunan for Sichuan.Mao Zedong neither obeyed Chen Duxiu nor changed his determination. He still stood in the flames like a firefighter.His break with the God of his past was complete.However, what Chen Duxiu could not do, the Hunan warlords could do.The warlord ordered the arrest of Mao Zedong --- Mao Zedong returned to Wuhan. Bad news frequently came from many places in the south of the Yangtze River where the leftists were powerful.The strikers were beheaded on the spot, and the heads of the executed were hung in bamboo cages in the center of Shanghai.Female Communists were shot through the vagina by soldiers who abused them.Faced with the tragedy, Mao Zedong burst into tears.

In the countryside, students who went to mobilize the peasants were burned alive with kerosene.The leftist was tied to a tree, cut into pieces until he died, and the murderer sprinkled salt and sand into the wound.The death sentence was revived in the hands of feudal warlords.The murderer also pulled the muscles off the victim's feet. Mao Zedong returned to Wuhan from Hunan under such circumstances, and Borodin was busy packing his luggage in his four-story villa with elevator and rose wallpaper.He was closing a lecture on the Chinese Revolution, where Moscow had kept him for four years. "Everything is over", this is his blessing to the Chinese revolution when he left China and returned to the Soviet Union. [46]

For Mao—not most Communist leaders—the prestige of the Soviet revolutionaries waned as Borodin's train started rolling.At the same time, Chiang Kai-shek sent a telegram to Wuhan in Nanjing, congratulating the patriotic actions of the Kuomintang elements, saying that they had removed the tumor of communism. If summer brings tragedy, autumn is absurd.The Communist Party has gone from one extreme to the other.Instead of weak cooperation - it was too late; instead of an armed struggle - it was too early.Underlying the apparent mildness of politics was military extremism—Stalin's flirtation with the KMT was, after all, only a few months old.

Mao Zedong fell into this upside down.In the face of destruction, he does not exhibit any greater control than the others. On July 15, the Communist Party and the Wuhan regime completely split, and Professor Chen went to Shanghai alone in despair.The Communist Party called an emergency meeting, and in Chen Duxiu's absence, the meeting discussed what he might object to.The participants resolved to start an uprising in both the countryside and the cities. Mao Zedong was sent to Hunan to lead what became known as the Autumn Harvest Uprising[47].Mao Zedong felt at a loss, but he still tried his best to run around.But something doesn't seem right about the strategy, things aren't going as they should, or both.

Unfortunately, the new route was also drawn up at the behest of Moscow. In June, Stalin suddenly demanded that the Chinese Communist Party also have its own military power.What is even more absurd is that the Soviet leader, 4,000 miles away, insisted that the Communist Party support the Wuhan regime.Now it is really in line with an old Chinese saying: playing the piano indiscriminately. Therefore, during August and September, the Chinese Communist Party was heading for desperation step by step.They started armed resistance under the banner of the Kuomintang!First of all, Zhou Enlai led the Nanchang Uprising, but the uprising failed.However, the leaders of the Communist Party of China who are overwhelmed still continue to carry out military actions without a correct political line.

At the time of the crisis, the leaders of the Communist Party held an emergency meeting in early August.Mao attended the hastily held meeting in an attic in 100-degree Fahrenheit, sweltering Wuhan.The disgruntled 11 committee members dismissed Chen Duxiu from his post.Chen Duxiu was replaced by Qu Qiubai, the liberal scholar who had successfully replaced Mao Zedong in the Peasant Ministry. The site of the August 7th Conference. On August 7, 1927, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held an emergency meeting in Hankou to correct the mistakes of Chen Duxiu's right-leaning capitulationism, and determined the general policy of implementing the agrarian revolution and armed resistance to the Kuomintang reactionaries.In his speech, Mao Zedong put forward the important thought that "power is obtained through the barrel of a gun".