Chapter 6 Liu Bannong: "Teach me how not to miss her"

Liu Bannong (1891.5.29-1934.7.14), a famous writer, linguist and educator in modern Chinese history.Name Fu, formerly known as Shou Peng, styled Bannong, was born in Jiangyin, Jiangsu.In the early years, he participated in the editing work of "New Youth".After studying in Europe, he received a doctorate in French national literature. He returned to China in 1925 and served as a professor at Peking University.His new poems mostly describe the life and sufferings of the working people in popular language.He wrote a lot in his life, created "Yangbian Collection", "Wafu Collection", "Bannong Miscellaneous Essays", compiled "Early Vernacular Poetry Draft", academic works include "General Theory of Chinese Grammar", "Four Tone Experimental Records", etc. , and another translation of "French Short Stories Collection", etc.Among them, "Chinese Character Sound Experiment Record" won the "Konstantin Linguistics Special Award".

One year before graduating from Changzhou Prefecture School, out of dissatisfaction and disappointment with the school's conservative education system, Liu Bannong made a shocking decision to drop out of school resolutely, giving up the bright future he had obtained. Liu Bannong's dropout caused an uproar in his hometown. Not only Liu's father was shocked, but also the people in his hometown talked about it.Liu Bannong decided to leave his hometown to develop in other places. In 1912, Liu Bannong went to Shanghai alone. Through a friend's introduction, he found an editorial job in Shishi Xinbao and Zhonghua Bookstore, and worked in "Fiction Monthly", "Shishi Xinbao", "China Novel World" and "Saturday" in his spare time. Published translations and novels in the weekly magazine.In order to cater to the tastes of readers, he gave himself several gaudy names, such as Ban Nong, Han Xing, Fan Rui Nu, etc., and the pen name he used most was Ban Nong.Thanks to his good Chinese skills, high comprehension, coupled with diligence and talent, Liu Bannong soon became a very active rookie novelist in the Shanghai Bund literary world, and has a group of readers. Published more than 40 erotic novels in 5 years, including romance, warning, detective, funny, society and other leisure novels read by the leisure class, such as "Lost Soul Medicine", "The Last Dance", etc., his name It often appears in "Novel Monthly", "Novel Grand View", "Saturday" and other magazines, and is sought after by many readers.Su Xuelin recalled in his later years: "I have only read a few of Bannong's novels, and I only find them ridiculous and overwhelming."

After several years of hard work, Liu Bannong became famous in Shanghai, and he was called "Jiangyin Talent" and "Letter Leader of the Literary World".Moreover, more and more magazines asked him to write articles. Even the well-known newspaperman and novelist Yan Duhe came to submit articles to him. Liu Bannong finally broke a new world for himself with a pen. In the summer of 1917, Liu Bannong returned to Jiangyin from Shanghai. On the one hand, he was idle at home, and on the other hand, he was thinking about his future life path.Since there is no fixed income, she has to rely on selling items to survive. She is often too poor to get rid of the pot. In the most difficult times, she can't even buy cat food. The wife has to go to her mother's house to borrow money.When the family was in poverty, they suddenly received a letter of appointment from Cai Yuanpei, the president of Peking University, formally hiring him as a professor of Chinese in the preparatory course of Peking University.A man who didn't even graduate from middle school suddenly received a letter of appointment from the highest university in the country. Not only his wife couldn't believe it, but he himself couldn't believe it either.Only the younger brother Liu Tianhua believed that he had always admired his elder brother's talent and believed that sooner or later his elder brother's talent would rise to the top and achieve great things, and now the opportunity finally came.At first, Liu Bannong was a little puzzled by Monk Zhang Er. He couldn’t believe that such a good thing would happen to him. After thinking for a long time, he thought of an unforgettable meeting with Chen Duxiu, the editor-in-chief of "New Youth" in Shanghai not long ago. Looking at it now Everything is the result of that meeting.This is exactly the case. At that meeting, Chen Duxiu had a discerning eye. He not only saw Liu Bannong's vigor, but also saw that he was a talent that Peking University needed. Made a strong recommendation.In this way, an unknown rural youth who did not even graduate from middle school entered Peking University, the highest institution in the country.With a letter of appointment, Liu Bannong, who did not even graduate from middle school, stepped into Peking University, the most prominent institution of higher learning in the country.At the same time, Qian Xuantong, Zhou Zuoren, Hu Shi and others were also coaching.Initially he taught poetry, fiction, introduction to grammar, and codification.Although he didn't even graduate from middle school, fortunately, his knowledge of Chinese studies is not inferior to others, and he is good at writing, reads extensively, and carefully prepares for class. He soon gained a firm foothold and was recognized by the students.Soon everyone knew that there was a professor of Chinese literature at Peking University, Liu Bannong, who had dropped out of middle school.By chance, Liu Bannong, who was obsessed with the creation of popular novels, saw Hu Shi's "Suggestions on Literary Reform" in the "New Youth" magazine. He was greatly shocked and decided to break with the old literature and invest in new literature. From 1918, Liu Bannong began to contribute articles to "New Youth" magazine, expressing his desire for literary reform.When I signed my name, I thought it over and over again. I felt that it was shameful to use the glamorous and vulgar pen name "Ban Nong" before, so I resolutely removed the radical and changed it to "Ban Nong" to show a break with the past. When he published the article "Professor of Applied Literature" in the "New Youth" magazine in January 1918, he officially signed it as "Bannong". Since then, "Bannong" has become his official name.

Peking University is the birthplace of the New Culture Movement and the center of the New Culture Thought. After entering Peking University, Liu Bannong became a vanguard of the New Culture Movement.Just writing articles in "New Youth" magazine is not enough for him. He hopes to have a thorough confrontation with the retro and conservative factions and give them a head-on blow.When he was in Shanghai, he had joined a theater troupe as a screenwriter, so he first thought of double reed opera.I think this is a very ideal form.He told his friend Qian Xuantong what he thought.Like him, Qian Xuantong is also a cannonball character; he once scolded "Tongcheng giant" and "Xuanxue masters" as "Tongcheng fallacies" and "Xuanxue monsters".Because of their similar personalities, they have always been close friends in the circle of professors and talked about everything.Liu Bannong suggested that the two play a double-reed opera together, one playing a stubborn retro element, a conservative of feudal culture, and the other playing a revolutionary of new culture, and refuted him one by one as a reporter.Use this form of double reed opera to show the views of both camps, pros and cons, and attract the attention of the whole society.At first, Qian Xuantong felt that although the idea was good, but the technique was a bit out of date, he was unwilling to participate.But Liu Bannong insisted that only by taking extraordinary measures in extraordinary times can we achieve our goals.After repeated mobilization by him, Qian Xuantong finally agreed to perform a double-reed play with him.This double-reed play has a clear-cut banner and has aroused strong repercussions in the literary world. It not only really attracted the attack of "Wang Jingxuan" defenders, such as Lin Qinnan and others, but also aroused applause from young students and progressive people.Lu Xun also took a positive attitude towards this.The pros and cons of the two articles appeared at the same time, and as a result, "the ugliness of the old-style literati was exhausted, and the new school won an overwhelming and brilliant victory."Some people who were still hesitating began to lean towards the new culture. Even Zhu Xiang and Su Xuelin said that they became a new school after watching this double-reed play, which shows the great influence of double-reed play.

This double-reed play directed by Liu Bannong has become a dramatic episode in the history of modern literature.Regarding Liu Bannong's contribution to new culture, Su Xuelin believes: "Although it is not as good as Chen and Hu Fang, he can keep pace with Er Zhou. In fact, his contribution to new literature is only more than that of Lu Xun brothers, not less. "As a new youth, Liu Bannong has made great contributions to new literature.But such an evaluation would be exaggerated. After Liu Bannong arrived at Peking University, he knew that he had little qualifications, so he was very diligent, his lectures were very popular among students, and his creations were also very active. He is regarded by some as a "lower Riba person", and he is often doubted about his competence in teaching.Once, when selecting candidates for the editorial board of "New Youth", Hu Shi directly mentioned the education background of the candidates, which was undoubtedly a great stimulus to Liu Bannong.At the same time, Liu Bannong's talent in Shanghai, including his style of dressing, was also criticized by some people.Lu Xun later pointed out in "Recalling Liu Bannong Jun": "Those people criticized his behavior as: shallow." "But the criticism behind these probably hurt Bannong's heart. Mostly that's why."

It is said that anger makes poets, but for Liu Bannong, he is working hard to get a Ph.D.With Cai Yuanpei's support, Liu Bannong was admitted to study in Britain with official fees. On February 7, 1920, with his wife Zhu Hui and daughter Xiaohui, he set off from Shanghai to study in the UK on the Japanese freighter "Ka Mo Maru". At that time, the cost of living in London was high, and the family of three lived very poorly on his official expenses alone.Half a year later, another pair of Longfeng tires were born. Liu Bannong named them according to the place, and split "London" into two. The boy was named Yulun, and the girl was named Yudun.There were two more mouths in the family, and the financial pressure was even greater. I was so poor that I couldn't even afford a cradle, so I had to split the wicker package brought from China into two pieces to make two simple cradles.When you are poor, you want to change. I heard from friends that the French National Library has a rich collection of books and the cost of living is cheaper than that in the UK. So in June 1921, the family moved to France and transferred to the University of Paris to study.

Although the cost of living in Paris is cheaper than in London, it is not easy for a person who supports a family of five only on government fees.In a letter to a friend, Liu Bannong wrote: "My recent situation is really terrible! Every day there is a lack of cooking... The tuition for studying abroad has not been paid for several months... When I have a few money, I will go Buy a piece of bread to eat, and forget it if you don’t have it.” Poor and strong, Liu Bannong originally planned to study literature and linguistics when he went abroad, but he realized that he could not have both, so he hurriedly left literature and specialized in language study.After a period of exploration, I decided to specialize in experimental phonetics.Before going abroad, Liu Bannong had a grand ideal, hoping to theoretically understand the four-tone principle proposed by Shen Yue and others since Qi Liang.Before this, Chinese people always knew what it was but didn't know why.He is determined to uncover this eternal mystery.He has no time to take care of the places of interest and historic sites in Paris, and he has no intention of admiring the scenery of the Seine River. He spends almost all his time in the Paris library.In his spare time, he has to translate and write articles for domestic magazines to earn money to support his family.Many works in his "Yangbian Ji" and "Wa Ke Ji" were written in this period.

Experimental phonetics needs some phonetic recording instruments, which are not only expensive but also hard to buy, so he did it himself, buying various materials from the scrap market and assembling it himself.With tenacious perseverance, he insisted on inventing the necessary instruments for the study of phonetics, the pitch ruler and the drum.The doctoral degree in France has always been extremely demanding, and it is impossible to even think about it without a solid high-level thesis, so he dare not be sloppy at all.All phonetic experiments are meticulous. In order to use scientific methods to test the relevant data of Chinese phonetics, it took three months just for an article of more than 200 words!After three years of hard work, he finally completed the "Experimental Records of Chinese Character Pronunciation", which was the first to make a scientific discussion on the principle of the four tones: pointing out that the main factor determining the four tones in Chinese is high and low. In the winter of 1924, Liu Bannong finally passed the pre-examination subjects of the University of Paris and obtained the qualification to participate in the national doctoral examination.

March 17, 1925, the day Liu Bannong participated in his doctoral degree defense.On this day, the whole family got up early, and Zhu Hui prepared a hearty breakfast for the whole family, and dressed the three children in the most beautiful clothes.Zhao Yuanren's family and Cai Yuanpei's couple also came to help.The examination room was set in a lecture theater, and a row of Paris phonetic experts in dark black robes and colorful ribbons sat on the stage.The exam is divided into two sessions, an oral exam in the morning, and questions from professors and experts; and an experimental demonstration in the afternoon.The defense lasted for seven hours, and finally the expert group announced: "Mr. Liu has done amazing scientific work. After serious discussions, we agreed that he should be awarded a national doctorate!" A young teacher gave Liu Bannong a A round doctor's hat.At the end of the ceremony, when Liu Bannong walked off the stage, he was exhausted and was almost helped out by someone.

Liu Bannong's doctoral dissertation won the Constantin Volnet Linguistics Special Award in 1925. Due to his outstanding achievements, Liu Bannong was also admitted as a member of the Paris Linguistic Society.This is the first time that a Chinese or even an Asian has obtained this kind of French national doctorate. Liu Bannong is very proud of this, and often proudly calls himself a "national doctor".After studying hard in the cold window, I finally had a day when I felt proud. Liu Bannong returned from his studies in France and was warmly welcomed by Peking University.With the care and support of Cai Yuanpei, the first speech laboratory in my country was established.He formulated a grand plan and decided to complete a "Four Tones New Spectrum", a "Chinese Dictionary" and a "Chinese Dialect Map".

In 1917, Liu Bannong translated the British drama "The Soul of the Qin", and was the first to use the female third-person pronoun "she" to replace the customary "yi" in the past. On August 15, 1918, Zhou Zuoren published the translation of Strindberg's "Reform" in the "New Youth" magazine, Volume 5, No. 3, and wrote in "Preface": "There is no gender difference in Chinese third-person pronouns. It’s very inconvenient. Bannong wanted to create a word for ‘she’ and use it together with the word for ‘he’. "Question", sent back to China, published on August 9, 1920 in Shanghai "Current Affairs News" supplement "Xue Deng", the article said: "First, in Chinese characters, should there be a third feminine pronoun? Second, If we want, can we just use the word 'she'... In addition to the word 'she', we should take another word 'he' (that is, the word 'it') to replace the inanimate." The first "she" The characters should be attributed to Liu Bannong. Interestingly, Liu Bannong also wrote a vernacular poem titled "Teach Me How to Miss Her": "There are some clouds floating in the sky, and some breeze blowing on the ground, ah! The breeze blows my hair, teach me how to miss her." Miss her? / The moonlight is in love with the ocean, and the ocean is in love with the moonlight, ah! Such a honey-like silver night, how can I not miss her? / Falling flowers on the surface of the water flow slowly, and fish swim slowly at the bottom. Ah! Swallow, you say What are some words? How can I miss her? / The dead tree is shaking in the cold wind, and the wild fire is burning in the twilight, ah! There is still some residual glow in the western sky, how can I miss her?" Soft heart.Professor Zhao Yuanren composed this poem into a tune, which was recorded and released by EMI Records, and it was once all the rage.As a third-person female pronoun, "she" is more accepted by people, and thus spread.It is said that after reading poems and listening to songs, a certain young man had fantasies, thinking that Liu Bannong must be a romantic and suave talent, and always wanted to see him. Once he met at the home of Professor Zhao Yuanren, and found Liu Bannong was actually an old man. He was shocked and blurted out: "So he is an old man!" It made everyone laugh out loud. Liu Bannong was also really humorous, and afterwards wrote a doggerel: "Teach me how not to miss her, please come in and have a cup of tea; it turns out that such an old man, teach me how to miss her again!" On June 19, 1934, Liu Bannong took five students including Bai Dizhou, Shen Zhongzhang, and a large number of audio equipment to Inner Mongolia and Shanxi to investigate dialects and folk customs during the summer vacation.The original plan was about one month, passing through Baotou, Hohhot, Bailing Temple, Datong and Zhangjiakou.The main task of this trip is to complete the papers collected by the Swedish Geographical Society in commemoration of the 70th birthday of the Swedish archaeologist Sven Hedin, and at the same time provide supplementary materials for his "New Spectrum of Four Tones" and "Map of Chinese Dialects".The interview along the way was very smooth and fruitful. Unexpectedly, when I was giving a speech at Suiyuan Middle School, I was bitten by a local poisonous insect. Unfortunately, I contracted relapsing fever, and my body temperature rose to 38.5 degrees.Even in this case, he insisted on calling a student to record his pronunciation himself.After returning to Beijing, various treatments were ineffective, and he died of illness in Union Hospital at 2 pm on July 14.He was 43 years old. Liu Bannong is almost the first person in the history of Peking University to be such a famous professor who died in the line of duty, so the school made an exception and covered his body with the three-color school flag of Peking University to show its mourning.President Jiang Menglin, famous Peking University professors such as Ma Youyu and Hu Shi, and almost all teachers, students and staff attended his funeral. It is said that there is no second person in the history of Peking University.Cai Yuanpei personally wrote an inscription for him: "Pu learns meaningful writings and advances at the same time; friends are as talented as a gentleman; just reaching middle age, he is a martyr for learning; heirs have a sound, and the flow is endless." evaluation of.The elegiac couplet of an old friend Zhao Yuanren is: "Ten years of making a double reed, without words, it will be difficult to make a song in the future. How can I not miss him if I am weaker than others!" In 1905, 14-year-old Liu Bannong graduated from Hanmolin Primary School and was admitted to the Changzhou Fuzhong School jointly run by the eight counties with the first place among Jiangyin candidates.At the same time, Qian Mu, a master of Chinese studies who became famous at home and abroad, was also admitted at the same time.Liu Bannong is talented and intelligent, with an average score of more than 90 in each test, and is deeply loved by the supervisor (principal) Tu Yuanbo.Once, Liu Bannong visited Tu's house and met Tu Yuanbo's father Tu Jingshan by chance.Tu Jingshan is a well-known historian. During the conversation, Tu Jingshan found that this young student was talented and worthy of training, so he made an exception and accepted him as a student. This incident became a good story in the local area.Out of jealousy, some people said that he was easy to cheat, which made him very uncomfortable.He ignored other people's rumors and was determined to prove himself with his strength.It wasn't long before the opportunity presented itself.Once, the magistrate visited the school and came up with an impromptu composition essay, wanting to check the students' grades.As a result, Liu Bannong won the oiran again with the first place, and was personally commended by the magistrate.In this way, even those who were jealous of him were convinced. In his first year at Changzhou Fuzhong School, Liu Bannong ranked first in almost every exam, and was listed as "the best" by the school, and became famous for a while.Qian Mu recalled in his later years: "Not March, Shou Peng won three yuan in a row, and the classmates fought to be proud of knowing Liu Shou Peng." In this way, Liu Bannong's reputation as a talented scholar spread all of a sudden. Liu Bannong is a typical Jiangnan talent, versatile.After Liu Bannong passed away, Zhou Zuoren wrote a special article recalling: "The first is Bannong's sincerity. He does not pretend, is willing to speak, does not speculate, and is not afraid of scolding. On the one hand, he is innocent and has no malice towards anyone. The second is Bannong's miscellaneous studies. His specialty is phonetics, but his interests are very broad, he likes literature and art, writing poems, writing, taking pictures, searching books, speaking grammar, and talking about music." Liu Bannong not only wrote good articles and excellent poems, but also was an amateur photographer in early modern China.Not many people know this.His earliest photography activities can be traced back to after he dropped out of Changzhou Fu Middle School.After he dropped out of middle school, he couldn't find a job for a while. To make a living, he bought a camera to take pictures for others in his hometown. This is the first photo studio in Jiangyin's history.Since there is only this one, the business is not bad, and it can somewhat subsidize the family.Studying abroad in Europe was the second stage of his amateur photography, and he really devoted himself to amateur photography after returning from studying abroad.After returning from France, Liu Bannong joined Beijing Guangshe, a photography group organized by photography enthusiasts at Peking University.This is the first amateur photography group in Chinese history.Liu Bannong likes to take landscape photos the most, and often discusses skills with his colleagues, and has participated in four or five photography exhibitions. Although Liu Bannong is a famous professor at Peking University, he is by no means a pedant.From the bottom of his heart, Liu Bannong is a free, easy, optimistic and courageous person, and there are a few small things to prove it. In May 1930, Liu Bannong was appointed by the Ministry of Education as the dean of the Women's College of Peking University. Shortly after taking office, Liu Bannong issued the "Proclamation Prohibiting Girls from Entering Public Dancing Halls" in response to the bad habits among the students, prohibiting students from dancing. It is forbidden for girls to call each other Miss, but to be called a girl instead.As soon as the ban came out, there was an uproar, but he insisted on not being moved. As Liu Bannong is a famous writer and professor, many newspapers are proud to publish his works.Once, when an old friend Cheng Shewu met, he complained that he had not written articles for his newspaper for a long time.Liu Bannong said half-jokingly and half-seriously, what I wrote is all curses, do you dare to post it?Cheng said, as long as you dare to write, I will dare to board.Liu Bannong really wrote an article "Namo Amitabha Dai Chuanxian" satirizing Dai Chuanxian, the dean of the Examination Institute. "World Journal" received it and published it. Dai was furious when he saw it. He didn't dare to vent his anger on Liu Bannong, so he had to use the newspaper for surgery. As a result, the newspaper was suspended for three days. The most "extraordinary" move of Liu Bannong before his death was to interview Sai Jinhua, a famous prostitute.The dignified Peking University professor went to interview a notorious prostitute, and only Liu Bannong could do such a thing.As early as a few years ago, Liu Bannong learned about Sai Jinhua's deeds from the newspapers, but there were different opinions. The fog that shrouded her body has always made people unable to distinguish the truth from the false. Some people called her a "national hero", while others thought she A whore who sells her body and soul.Liu Bannong felt that she was a legendary figure worth studying, and he should investigate and uncover the truth while she was alive.Therefore, Liu Bannong took his favorite student Shang Hongkui to the "Jiangxi Weiyu" in Jurenli, Beiping, for an interview in person.In her dying years, Sai Jinhua did not expect that the famous Liu Bannong Association would come to interview someone like her. She was very excited and decided to accept an interview and publicly tell her life story.Through multiple interviews and research on history, Liu Bannong has basically cleared away the fog of history that covered her.The incident of Liu Bannong's interview with the famous prostitute Sai Jinhua once again caused a sensation, and Sai Jinhua became a hot topic in the society for a while.Reciprocating, after the death of Liu Bannong, Sai Jinhua dressed in black and went to pay his respects, which became a legend for a while.After Liu Bannong passed away, "Sai Jinhua Skills" was compiled and published by his students. Liu Bannong and Zhu Hui are an ideal loving couple who share weal and woe.This is a warm family, and the children living in it always feel extremely happy and happy. The lyrics of the song "Teach Me How Not to Miss Her" was written by Liu Bannong under the influence of Zhu Hui. It is a singing voice bursting from the heart, and it is very infectious.Later, the lyrics were composed by the famous composer Zhao Yuanren, and became popular all over the country. It became the favorite romantic song sung by young people in the 1930s, and was valued by the world's cultural circles. Liu Bannong and Zhu Hui are both from Jiangyin, born in the late Qing Dynasty. Although they have many imprints of the old society, in the eyes of their children, they are loving couples and enlightened parents in the new era.When they were young, according to the atmosphere at that time, neither Liu Bannong nor Zhu Hui could engage in public social activities, so they did not know each other, and they had to wait for their parents' orders and the words of a matchmaker to match them up.Both Liu Bannong's mother and Zhu Hui's mother believed in Buddhism. They often went to a nunnery not far from Liu's house to worship Buddha and met each other there. Over time, they established friendship.Once, Mother Liu brought the young Liu Bannong, and Mother Zhu brought the young Zhu Hui and her younger sister into the nunnery. After the two elders met, they were very happy.Although Liu Bannong and Zhu Hui met for the first time, they had a good impression of each other.After more times, I gradually became familiar with it and deepened my impression.One day, Mother Zhu suddenly mentioned the marriage of the young man and woman to Mother Liu, and mentioned that her eldest daughter, the beautiful and virtuous Zhu Hui, was a natural match for the young talent Liu Bannong.At first Liu's mother agreed, but Liu's father disapproved, on the grounds that the families of the two families were not equal.In fact, Liu's father thought that Zhu Hui was three years older than Liu Bannong, so he thought it was not ideal.But Zhu's mother liked the young Liu Bannong very much. She felt that he was good-looking, smart and lively, and that he would succeed in what he wanted. Since the man refused on the grounds of age, she proposed to betroth her second daughter to Liu Bannong because they were about the same age.In this way, the marriage was finally negotiated, and the two parties entered into a marriage contract.Unexpectedly, shortly after the engagement, the second miss of the Zhu family died of illness, and the engagement was broken.After a while, Mother Zhu brought up the old story again and tried her best to promote the marriage of her eldest daughter with Liu Bannong.For the sake of properness, Zhu's mother went further to seek Liu Bannong's own opinion.Things went smoothly, and Liu Bannong agreed without hesitation.In this way, Liu's father no longer insisted on his own opinion, and the man and woman finally made a marriage contract. According to the social tradition at that time, engaged men and women did not have direct contact with each other, so as to avoid criticism from public opinion.But the young Liu Bannong is a very cheerful person. Under the influence of the trend of thought in the new era, he has a different attitude. He dares to break the rules and go to the woman's house alone, taking it for granted.Once, Liu Bannong went to Zhu's mother's house, and when he entered the yard, he caught a glimpse of the young Zhu Hui leaning against the side of the well to draw water.Liu Bannong slowly stepped forward to talk to Zhu Hui.Unexpectedly, Zhu Hui panicked, left the well in a hurry, and went back to the upper room.When she stepped through the threshold, the red embroidered shoes with bound feet were exposed under her skirt, and Liu Bannong suddenly felt pity when she saw it.After he got home, he asked Liu's mother why women had to bind their feet.Mother Liu replied, "How can a girl get married if her feet are not bound?" But Liu Bannong said disapprovingly: "She belongs to the Liu family now, so there is no need to worry about not getting married. I don't want her to suffer from bound feet. "Liu Bannong said so, but he was determined to do it in his heart.He asked Mother Liu to inform Mother Zhu not to bind Zhu Hui's feet.When Zhu's mother heard this, she was both approving and worried, and agreed to give it a try.In fact, the young Zhu Hui felt unwilling because of the pain of bound feet, and often shed tears alone.Now I hear that Liu's family doesn't require her to bind her feet, so I'm really happy.Therefore, Zhu Hui is very grateful to Liu Bannong for his generosity, concern and consideration.So after marriage, the two fell in love with each other, and Zhu Hui's unswerving loyalty to Liu Bannong was a manifestation of true bosom friend repaying each other. Not long after Liu Bannong and Zhu Hui got engaged, Zhu Hui was welcomed back as a bride-in-law to serve the two elders.On the eve of the Revolution of 1911, Liu's mother suddenly fell ill, and Liu Bannong was called home. When Liu's mother was critically ill, he married Zhu Hui according to the traditional custom, commonly known as "Chongxi", in order to hope that Liu's seriously ill mother would recover quickly.After Liu's mother passed away, Zhu Hui took on all the responsibilities of running the family.After the Revolution of 1911 broke out, the school was closed.Liu Bannong and his second brother went to work in Qingjiang's army together. Liu Bannong worked as a clerk while his second brother blew the bugle. The two brothers began to come into contact with the revolutionary activities of the new era.Later, they found that the internal situation of the revolutionary army was chaotic, their thoughts were complicated, and they felt dissatisfied and went home.Then Liu Bannong went to Shanghai with his second brother to make a living.At that time, Zhu Hui alone took care of the household tasks such as burning, washing, sewing, mending, etc., and even took care of her uncle's grooming.When life is difficult, Zhu Hui also undertakes some odd jobs from outside to do at home to supplement expenses. After marriage, Liu Bannong and Zhu Hui lived a loving and happy life, but because of the heavy burden of housework, Zhu Hui alone was very hard. He had two pregnancies and miscarriages, which caused Liu's father's dissatisfaction.He believed Mr. Divination's nonsense, thinking that Liu Bannong was destined to have no children, and concluded that Zhu Hui was barren, and asked Liu Bannong to divorce Zhu Hui or marry a concubine to carry on the family line.Father Liu even further exercised his patriarchal authority and carefully searched for a partner. When Liu Bannong returned to Jiangyin from Shanghai in the summer of 1913, he tried to persuade him to marry a concubine, but Liu Bannong firmly opposed it.Because the Jiangyin family could not get rid of the negative influence of Liu's father's emphasis on children and grandchildren and his neglect of emotions, Liu Bannong, with the help of Liu's mother, brought Zhu Hui to live in Shanghai and started an independent small family life.At that time, Liu Bannong was already working as an editor at Shanghai Zhonghua Book Company, and had a stable income to support his family. On August 9, 1920, Liu Bannong published "The Question of the Word "She"" on the "Xue Deng" of Shanghai's "Current Affairs News", which was the first time to systematically explain the use of the word "she" to refer to the feminine of the third person.At this time, Liu Bannong was already a professor at Peking University, and he also fought several beautiful and tough battles in the New Culture Movement, but because he only had a high school education, some people slightly criticized him.For this reason, in February 1920, he took his wife and daughter to study at the University of London.He studied phonetics very hard, but he continued to love poetry. On September 4, 1920, he created "Teach Me How Not to Miss Her" (originally titled "Love Song", published in Beijing "Morning News" on September 16, 1923) Supplement"), the first time the word "she" was used in the poem.This poem has the style of folk songs, and it is catchy to read. Among them, "little cloud", "breeze", "moonlight", "fish", "swallow", "twilight" and "remnant glow" are included in the poem. It is beautiful, giving people the reverie of "wanting to send lovesickness for thousands of miles", "a branch of pear blossom with rain in spring".So, who is Liu Bannong's lover "she"?Some people say that this poem is a heart song dedicated to his wife Zhu Hui. This may be taken for granted, but as his daughter Liu Xiaohui said, it was composed under the influence of his mother.As a couple in distress and a loving couple, the two have a hobby of photography. Liu Bannong's poem "A Honey Kiss Under the Dark Red Light" is a testament to their love.