Chapter 4 Huang Kan: The last generation of mellow Confucianism, talent and sky high

Huang Kan (1886.4.3-1935.10.8), a famous linguist.His first name was Qiao Nai, later changed to Qiao Xin, and finally changed to Kan, styled Jigang, and Jizi. In his later years, he called himself Liangshou Jushi, a native of Qichun County, Hubei Province.Huang Kan, who has taught in many prestigious universities in China, is definitely a master of Chinese studies, and his attainments in philology, phonology and other aspects are astonishing.But at the same time, he swears at will, opposes the vernacular, has a weird temper, is greedy for food, and behaves wildly, which is jaw-dropping... Huang Kan is the most particular about eating and drinking, and he likes good wine and food.As long as he knows that there is something he has never tasted, he will try his best to get it to satisfy his appetite, and he will not hesitate to make a fool of himself in order to eat these delicious delicacies, and he calls himself a "professional household" in gourmet food.

Huang Kan is a member of the Tongmenghui. One day, he heard that some acquaintances were having a party somewhere. There was a lot of delicious food during the meeting, but he was not invited.He knew it was because he had scolded some of them in the past, but because of the glutton in his stomach, he came uninvited.As soon as they entered the door, those people were shocked when they saw him, and then they pretended to be very enthusiastic and invited him to take a seat.Huang Xin knew it well, without saying a word, he took off his shoes and sat down, and just picked out something good to eat.After eating, while lifting his shoes, he turned his head and said to them, "Well, you bastards!" After speaking, he ran away quickly.

Another time, someone treated a guest, and there were delicacies such as bear's paw, snake soup, and Bazhen.After Huang Kan learned about it, he wanted to eat it quickly.However, he once scolded the master, so it is inconvenient to go, but the temptation of delicious food is too great.In a dilemma, he asked his friend Liu Chengyu to find a way, and promised not to say a word from the entrance to the end of the table.Liu Chengyu went to discuss with the host, and the host immediately invited Huang Kan to the banquet.During the banquet, Huang Kan really only ate and didn't talk, and he didn't look like he was beaming and talking like he used to.Everyone found it strange that Huang Kan was fickle, but they didn't know that he had other plans, that is-to keep his mouth shut and fill his empty stomach.

In 1913, Zhang Taiyan, Huang Kan's mentor, offended Yuan Shikai and was placed under house arrest in a mansion surnamed Xu in Qianliang Hutong, Beijing.Huang Kan went to stay with him, and by the way, asked his teacher for advice on some issues in the history of Chinese literature.Zhang's appetite for food has never been important, he is not particular about the food, the cook's skills are poor, and the dishes are monotonous, Huang Kan can't bear it at all, so he encourages Zhang Taiyan to change to a Sichuan cook.Unexpectedly, in this way, he accidentally offended the policeman who pretended to be the cook (this man was greedy for food expenses and hated Huang Kan for cutting off his money), and he was kicked out not long after.

Even as a teacher later, Huang Kan failed to get rid of this "greedy" problem, and ignored the school's regulations.Often change excuses to ask students to "pay" for themselves.The students slowly got to know Huang's temper, and knew that with Mr. Huang Kan, "Everything is easy to talk about if there is food, but it is difficult to move without wine." The student said: "There is a secret here. I can't tell it with the salary of hundreds of dollars from Peking University. If you want me to tell it, you have to invite me to dinner." One day, a student was having a treat at Tonghe Residence. He happened to see Huang Kan also having a treat in the next room, so he hurried over to say hello to the teacher.Unexpectedly, Huang Kan criticized him and refused to let him go until all the guests invited by the student had arrived.In desperation, the student had an idea, so he called the clerk to explain: "Today, Mr. Huang is here to treat guests, no matter how much money is spent, it will be charged to my account." When Huang Kan heard this, he was in the middle of his heart, and said to the student: "Okay, let's go." The student was able to escape.

When Huang Kan lectured on "Shuowen Jiezi", the students found it difficult to understand.Therefore, every time the final exam, there are students who fail.Later, when a student was in his class, he picked up what he liked, raised money to hold a banquet, and invited him to the banquet. Huang Kan happily went.This trick really paid off immediately, and all the students passed the final exam.When the principal Cai Yuanpei found out about this, he asked him why he violated the school rules and cheated on the students.Huang Li said confidently: "These students still know how to respect their teachers, so I don't want to embarrass them."

It is because of this spirit of "never tire of fine food, never tire of fine food" and "good wine and good food, come here", Huang Kan has become an authentic gourmet, and also an excellent gourmet "professional"-Sichuan cuisine , Shandong cuisine, Cantonese cuisine, Fujian cuisine, Jiangsu cuisine, Suzhou boat cuisine, Hunan cuisine, Dongyang cuisine, French cuisine, Russian cuisine, German cuisine, all of which he wants to feast on; Maotai, Xinghuacun, Fenjiu, Luzhou Laojiao, Wuliangye, daughter He drank all kinds of old wines such as red wine and brandy; he once ate here at famous restaurants in Beijing, Shanghai, Shenyang, Nanjing, Taiyuan, Suzhou, Wuchang, Chengdu and other places.Whether it's windy or rainy, with a headache, as long as there is wine and food, Huang Kan will immediately become full of energy, chewing left and right, pushing a cup for a change, and never rejecting anyone who comes, quite a posture of devouring the world.No wonder some people nicknamed him "Old Glutton".However, eating too much hurts the stomach, and getting drunk hurts the liver. Huang Kan's diet is never temperate, and he is greedy for the dishes on the plate and the things in the cup, which leads to his health deteriorating. It is not unrelated to his longevity.

Huang Kan thinks very highly of himself, is proud of his talents, and sticks to the theoretical methods of traditional Chinese culture. He is very disgusted with the ideas of the new school and often yells at them for this. Most of his reputation as a curse comes from this.In his life dictionary, there is no one who cannot be ridiculed, and no thing that cannot be cursed. When Huang Kan was teaching at Central University, he also took part-time courses at Jinling University.six hours a week.Mr. Mou, the dean of Jinda Agricultural College, has just returned from the United States with the title of Doctor of Agriculture, showing off his arrogance.One day, he came to Yaxing suddenly and announced that he would perform "Xinfa Barrow" in public in the auditorium.The posters were put up and publicized wildly, causing a sensation in the whole school.

On that day, there were a lot of students who went to watch.Huang Kan happened to have a class that day. He walked into the classroom and found that there were only a few people left. Knowing that the students were attracted by "Dr. The rest of the students were overjoyed and were so happy that they wanted to go out.Huang Kan has always looked down on the "fake foreign devil" professor all his life, this time the propaganda of the "new law barrow" made him suspicious, so he said: "Okay! Let's take a look together!" Unexpectedly, when I entered the auditorium, I saw a live pig, tied tightly to an operating rack, with its stomach ripped open.The dean was in a hurry because he couldn't find the foreign things he had learned, but he couldn't find the pig ovary.The barrow turned into a slaughtered pig, and the onlookers burst into laughter.Huang Kan saw it in his eyes and smiled in his heart.Back in class, he improvised a poem:

Great time, many students, come to the capital together.Jiaxun actually passed on, and the posters were posted; the dean of the Ming Dynasty showed a castrated pig.The farmer's two pigs lead one of them, and the binding is removed according to the reverse order. Look at the dean, roll up your sleeves and try your hand at kung fu.Where do the tiny ovaries know?Can't see it on the left, is it on the right?Another slash with the white blade, how could it die?It seems that this doctor is not as good as Shengtu. This poem is full of laughter and cursing, which is extremely funny.The whole school scrambled to recite it, and all readers laughed.The dean, who made a fool of himself in public, naturally heard about it and felt ashamed, so he quietly resigned.

One day, Huang Kan happened to meet Dai Jitao, a veteran of the Kuomintang.Dai asked him, "What works have you written recently?" Huang replied: "I'm compiling "Selected Works of Darkness", and your masterpiece has already been compiled into it." Huang Kan is best at teaching "Selected Works of Zhaoming". Dai Ping's actions are not open and aboveboard, and the irony is very obvious. Dai Jitao was ridiculed on the spot, very embarrassed, but helpless. One day in 1908, Chen Duxiu came to Tokyo Minbao to meet Zhang Taiyan.At this time, Zhang's disciples Huang Kan and Qian Xuantong were present, and when they heard a guest coming, they went to the next room.But separated by two paper sliding doors, the conversation between the host and the guest can still be heard clearly.The host and the guest talked about the development of Sinology in the Qing Dynasty, and listed Duan Yucai, Dai Zhen, Wang Niansun, Wang Yinzhi and his son, most of whom were from Anhui and Jiangsu provinces.Later, when the subject changed somehow, Chen Duxiu suddenly mentioned Hubei, saying that there were no great scholars there, and Zhang Taiyan also perfunctorily said: "Yes, there are no people." At this time, Huang Kan next door couldn't help it, and shouted : "Who is talking nonsense there? Of course there are no scholars in Hubei, but this is nothing; there are many scholars in Anhui, but this may not be a single step." The host and guest were very disappointed when they heard this.Soon, Chen Duxiu left.Coincidentally, after returning to China, Huang Kan worked as a professor in the Chinese Literature Department (Department) of Peking University. In 1917, Chen Duxiu was invited by the president Cai Yuanpei to become the dean of liberal arts at Peking University.The two thus became colleagues.Chen Duxiu took Peking University as a front, hosted "New Youth", promoted vernacular and new literature, and advocated the New Culture Movement.Not to be outdone, Huang Kan hosted the monthly "National Heritage" and advocated the "National Heritage" in an attempt to compete with "New Youth".Chen and Huang each became the leaders of the old and new factions, and they started a vigorous debate. In fact, the grievances between Huang Kan and Chen Duxiu were nothing. During the "May 4th" New Culture Movement, the person Huang Kan scolded the most and made fun of the most was Dr. Hu Shida, who had "became famous" at a young age.Hu Shi and Huang Kan both taught at Peking University, but they belonged to the old and new camps and were strangers to each other.Every time Huang Kan saw Hu Shi, he always mocked and ridiculed him. Hu Shi knew that he was usually "crazy" and was older than himself, so he always gave way. Once, Huang Kan said to Hu Shi: "You keep saying that you want to promote vernacular Chinese, but you may not be sincere." Hu was puzzled and asked why.Huang said: "If you practice yourselves, your name should not be Hu Shi, but 'Where are you going'."Another time, when he talked about the simplicity of classical Chinese in class, he said: "The advantages and disadvantages and value of vernacular Chinese and classical Chinese, if more words are not the best, and more money is not the most expensive, please see the following example: An overseas student In the United States, his mother died in his hometown, and he sent a telegram to the funeral. If you send a telegram in classical Chinese, the words "mother dies quickly return" are enough. Whether you are literate or not, you can understand it when you read it. No need to explain. If you use vernacular , then must say: "Your mother is dead! Come back quickly!" The four characters became eleven characters, plus two exclamation marks, and the telegraph fee almost doubled. It is self-evident which is better and which is worse. .” Obviously, he took aim at Hu Shi, who strongly advocated the vernacular.This made him more uncomfortable than cursing. Another time, when Hu Shi went to a banquet, Huang Kan happened to be there.During the banquet, Hu Shi occasionally talked about Mohism with others, eloquently.Huang Kan became impatient, and suddenly scolded from the side: "Now those who talk about Mozi are all bastards!" Hu Shi knew that Huang Kan's "crazy" temper had flared up again, so he pretended not to hear.Huang Pei saw that Hu Shi didn't pay attention, so he had a plan, and then scolded: "He is Hu Shizhi's lord, and he is also a bastard." After hearing this, Hu Shi couldn't bear it, and accused Huang Kan of scolding his father.Huang Kan smiled and said: "You don't have to be angry, I'm trying you. Mozi talked about universal love, so Mozi said he was fatherless. You still have your father in your heart, so you are not worthy to talk about Mozi." son." As a result, the whole audience roared with laughter, which made Hu Shi very embarrassed. Hu Shi wrote a lot in his life, with tens of millions of words, and people in the academic circle admire him very much.But he also has a shortcoming, that is, many representative works have not been finished. "Outline of the History of Chinese Philosophy" and "History of Vernacular Literature" only have the first half, not the second half.One of the reasons is that I am too busy, and the other is that I have too many interests.Huang Kan and other old school people often laughed at him with this criticism, and some people even called him "Doctor Shangjuan". Huang Kan spared no effort to oppose Hu Shi's idea of ​​a literary revolution, blaming him whenever he had the opportunity.According to the memories of Luo Jialun, who once studied at Peking University, Huang Kan once said loudly in class: "Hu Shizhi said that writing vernacular is a joy, and there is no joy in the world. Jin Shengtan said that the most painful thing in the world is beheading. , the fastest thing in the world is to drink. If Hu Shizhi wants to be happy, he can go to drink and then raise his neck to be chopped off." In all fairness, Huang Kan's opposition to Hu Shi's and others' new cultural ideas from the standpoint of the old school is really going against the trend and is not very honorable.In addition, Huang's words are not malicious, which really damages his image as a master of Chinese studies.However, from another point of view, Huang's behavior can quite reflect his true temperament and his side without a city, and he can be regarded as an "alternative gentleman". More than 20 years later, at the celebration of Tsinghua University in 1946, the school specially invited Hu Shi to give a speech.Talking about his relationship with Tsinghua University, one year, Tsinghua University asked him to be the president, and he replied a telegram, saying: "I can't do it, thank you!" He explained: "I advocate vernacular Chinese, but some people object. Telegrams cost money. You see, in the vernacular, isn’t it worth five words?” All the students present laughed.But at this time, Huang Kan has been dead for 11 years, and he will never come out to sing against Hu Shi again. Huang Kan has a weird temper and acts weirdly. He often does some unexpected things, which makes others feel a little "monk Zhang Er can't figure it out". Huang Kan is a fellow from Hubei who lives together, and he fought side by side during the Revolution of 1911. The relationship is extremely "iron", and he can be called a close friend.One day, Huang Kan occasionally visited Ju Zheng, who had been promoted to the president of the Judicial Yuan of the Nationalist Government.Every time after get off work, Juzheng always avoids visitors and enjoys himself by cutting trees and planting flowers at home with the concierge blocking the drive. The concierge saw that Huang Kan's appearance and clothes were a bit rustic, and he didn't look like a distinguished guest, so he replied as usual, "The dean is not at home."But Huang Kan acted like no one else was there, and drove straight in.The concierge panicked, ran up and pulled Huang's sleeves tightly, and shouted, "Who are you? Get out!" Huang Kan was so hot-tempered that he couldn't stand any grievances. He was furious and scolded, "What are you? You don't care!" He broke free and continued to walk in. Unexpectedly, he pulled a big hole in his sleeve with too much force. .This startled Ju Zheng inside. He ran out in three steps and two steps, saw that it was Huang Kan, and knew that it would not end well, so he kept yelling: "Ji Gang! Don't pay attention to him!" Then he turned around and scolded the porter: "I have taken care of you a long time ago. When Mr. Huang comes, report immediately, why did you forget!" The concierge was also clever, and hurriedly replied: "I blame me for having two extra glasses of wine, I'm confused." Juzheng laughed, took Huang Kan's hand and said, "Come in and sit down, there are two bottles of Moutai, please try it." Huang Kan was addicted to alcohol, and his anger disappeared. Huang Kan's strange temper was even more vivid in his later years when he was coaching at Nanjing Central University.When Huang Kan was first employed by National Central University, he had an agreement with the school about "three nos", that is, "no rain", "no snow", and "no wind".Known as "Professor Three Don't Come".Therefore, every time it rains or snows, the students use the bad weather today and whether Huang Kan will be in school or not as a way of talking and laughing.Some students also joked: "The weather is not too yellow today." Once, the class bell rang, and the students filled the classroom, waiting for the teacher to start the class.But Huang Kan sat in the teacher's lounge, and didn't have the slightest intention to get up and go to the classroom.The students waited for a while, but when they saw that the teacher hadn't arrived, they hurriedly reported to the Academic Affairs Office.The staff of the Academic Affairs Office knew that Mingshi Huang Kan had lost his temper, and immediately ran to invite him to class, saying: "It's time for class, it's time to go to class." Unexpectedly, Huang Kan looked at the sky and said coldly: "It's time, but the money hasn't arrived yet." It turned out that the school did not pay the salary in time, and Huang Kan expressed dissatisfaction.The Academic Affairs Office quickly received his salary on his behalf before he went to the classroom to attend class.It seems that Huang Kan, as a literati in the Republic of China, really has some "rights protection awareness" that is now being vigorously promoted! Huang Kan once taught the "Literary Research Method" course at Central University and used it as a textbook.He usually only gives lectures and never assigns homework to students.When the final exam was due, he refused to read the exam papers, and he did not mark the grades.This approach will not pass the test at the Academic Affairs Office, so the Academic Affairs Office has repeatedly urged.In the end, Huang Kan was driven into a hurry, so he wrote a note to the Academic Affairs Office, writing "eighty cents per person" in five big characters.What he means is that students always want to get the first grade, and giving ninety points is too much, and seventy points is not the first grade.Eighty is just right.The Academic Affairs Office had no choice but to stop mentioning this matter. There is another anecdote that can reflect Huang Kan's informal nature.Central University is strict with school discipline, requiring teachers and students to wear school badges when entering and leaving the school gate.Huang Kan is busy with his own knowledge and teaching, and often doesn't pay much attention to these details.One day, when he came to the school for class, the new doorman didn't know him, and seeing that he didn't wear the school badge, he refused to let him enter the school gate. Huang Kan said: "I am Professor Huang Jigang, and I come to the school to teach." The guard said, "You don't wear a school badge, how do I know you're a professor?" When Huang heard this, he was so angry that he pushed the leather bag containing the handouts in front of the guard and said, "You have a school badge and I don't, so you can go to class!" When the guard heard this, he felt that this person had a lot of background, and his tone eased.It's okay to say that there is no school badge and a business card.Huang Kan said: "I am the business card, you take me!" During the dispute, the principal happened to pass by, so he hurried over to mediate, and the matter was settled. The famous rhetorician Wu Mei is Huang Kan's colleague in the Chinese Literature Department of Central University, and the two have a good relationship.One day, Huang Kan invited Wu Mei and some colleagues to drink.Huang Kan is a person who is good at scolding, and when he was drunk, his complaints poured out.Cursing and cursing, the words involved Wu Mei.Wu Meijiu also drank a little too much, argued with Huang Kan, and said, "Don't be too unreasonable, Huang Kan!"Wu Mei hurriedly dodged, but was not hit.Impulsively, he responded with a slap, but was blocked by his colleagues.So the two got up from the table, ready to fight.Colleagues talked and talked, and finally pulled them away. After sobering up the next day, the two actually reconciled as before, not caring about the unhappiness of the previous day at all. Apart from Huang Kan's jaw-dropping and dumbfounding anecdotes, his profound knowledge seems to be more worthy of our future generations to remember. In fact, under the appearance of a madman and eccentric, he is a respectable master of Chinese studies, elegant and mellow. As the saying goes: "Famous teachers make excellent disciples." Huang Kan studied under Zhang Taiyan, a master of ancient literature and classics in the late Qing Dynasty and early Republic of China. ".As for the experience of how Zhang and Huang got acquainted, this statement is used in many works: In 1906, when Huang Kan was studying at Waseda University in Tokyo, Japan, he happened to live with Zhang Taiyan, a master of Chinese studies. Huang lived upstairs and Zhang lived downstairs.One night, Huang Kan was so anxious that he didn't have time to go to the toilet downstairs, so he poured out from the upstairs window.At this time, Zhang Taiyan downstairs was reading at night, when he suddenly noticed a stream of smelly urine splashing down like a waterfall, and couldn't help cursing.Huang Kan upstairs did not show any weakness, but also scolded him.Huang Bengui was born as son, young and impatient, domineering; Zhang Taiyan is easy to curse, and both of them have the nickname "Madman".When Crazy Zhang meets Crazy Huang, he scolds more and more vigorously, and he doesn't know each other without scolding. After the two parties exchanged their first and last names, they both admired each other's name for a long time, and immediately cherished each other.Later, the topic of the two turned to learning. Zhang Taiyan was a master of Pu Xue with profound knowledge, and he was known as the champion of Qing Xue.Huang Kan was deeply impressed by his knowledge, and quickly called himself a disciple and worshiped Zhang as a teacher. This kind of statement seems to be quite consistent, and Huang and Huang have personalities, which seems to be a coincidence.But if you think about it carefully, the plot is too accidental and dramatic, and there is an obvious flaw, that is, Huang Kan was only a young and unknown foreign student at that time, and he was not well-known in China. Hearing it, let alone "long admiration".In addition, it seems far-fetched to describe both of them as lunatics like shrews swearing at the street. In fact, according to Zhang and Huang's posthumous writings and miscellaneous memories of teachers and friends, it is not difficult to find out the real situation of their acquaintance at that time. In 1906, Huang Kan was funded by Zhang Zhidong, a senior official in the late Qing Dynasty, and traveled east to Fusang to study.It happened that Zhang Taiyan had just escaped from prison (in 1903, when the Su Bao case broke out, Zhang Taiyan was imprisoned by the patrol house in the British Concession for three years), and he also came to Japan for refuge.At that time, all the students studying in Japan admired Zhang Taiyan's name and went to study and visit.Huang Kan certainly didn't want to miss this opportunity to see the dignity of this master of Confucian classics and revolutionary hero.Therefore, Huang Kan and many friends visited Zhang Taiyan one day.When I walked to the gate of Zhangzhai, I saw a sentence written on the wall: "If I am Zhongni and the leader of Donglu, and Dayu is the leader of Xiqiang, I will be the only one in the world, who will be my partner!" (This sentence comes from Dai Liang of the Eastern Han Dynasty) After reading this sentence, Huang Kan, who is naturally aloof and arrogant, felt that this person must overlook everything and was not easy to approach, so he immediately gave up his intention to see him, and turned back to his home. At noon on September 19, 1907, the 17th issue of Minbao, edited by Zhang Taiyan, was published.Due to financial difficulties, Zhang Taiyan could only buy two biscuits and sit on a chair while reading the newspaper while eating the biscuits.This periodical includes his self-written "National Theory", "Writings for Xu Xilin, Chen Pingbo, Ma Zonghan, and Qiu Jin", "Qiu Jin's Collection Preface" and current reviews, as well as articles under the pseudonym "Yunzi" (Huang Kan's pen name). "Single-minded Manchurianism", "Mourning the Poor".After Zhang Taiyan read the last two articles, he said "ah", and said to himself, "I almost forgot."Immediately repair a book and send it to Huang Kan. Huang Kan was notified by the newspaper and came to Zhang Taiyan's apartment.When Zhang Taiyan talked with Huang Kan, he spoke highly of the article, and especially appreciated the spirit of "give me freedom or give me death" contained in it.At that time, Huang Kan was only 21 years old. He wrote sharply and enthusiastically, showing the fearless revolutionary spirit of a young revolutionary against feudal oppression.Zhang Taiyan praised Huang Kan as a wizard in the world, which greatly encouraged Huang Kan.Since then, the two have passed each other. Soon, Zhang Taiyan heard that Huang Kan was going back to the country to visit his relatives, so he said to him: "There is no better way to study than to seek a teacher. Looking back at home, there are few who can be teachers for the emperor. That's it. Mr. Ruian Sun Yirang is still here, you can go and see him when you return." Huang Kan didn't even answer immediately.Zhang Taiyan went on to say: "If you don't go back, you will want to be a teacher, and you can be a servant." Huang Kan was startled, and immediately prepared gifts for apprenticeship, and went to Zhang Taiyan to kowtow as a disciple.Since then, I have been with Zhang Shi every day, and humbly ask for advice.Due to Huang Kan's talent and uniqueness, he has made great progress after Zhang Taiyan's teaching and resolving doubts.Tai Yan couldn't help but praised and said: "Heng Yan's learning progress is as fast as traveling thousands of miles a day, and now you are almost thousands of miles a day." After the success of the Revolution of 1911, Huang Kan left his mentor and returned to China, where he began to teach and teach apprentices, and set up his own business. In the autumn of 1914, Huang Kan taught in the Chinese Literature Department (Department) of Peking University, where he lectured on diction and Chinese literature history.He was very knowledgeable, and many students came to listen to him in class, even Feng Youlan, who was studying in the Department of Philosophy, also came to listen.Huang Kan is good at reading poems and articles.After he finished speaking an article or a poem, he would read one aloud, with rhythm and rhythm, which was very pleasant to hear.As a result, when he read it on the top, the students listening to the lecture below echoed loudly.Among the classmates, it was nicknamed "Yellow Tune". The students all called Huang Kan a "special professor". He explained "Shuowen Jiezi" word by word in class, without the original book or the lecture notes, citing classics, citing extensively, eloquently and logically.The students looked up the classic arguments quoted after class, and they did not miss a single word, and every word was correct, which aroused the envy of the whole class.One day, Huang's student found Xu Shen's "Shuowen Jiezi" when he was holding a leather bag for him. When he opened it, he found that the book was very special: small characters on the top of the book, densely packed, written in ink, It is written with a vermilion brush, and there are various symbols. There are 9353 characters in the book, and each word has its own way of saying it and others' way of saying it. Some he affirms and some he denies.It is said that he read "Shuowen Jiezi" five times, and each time he had new gains and new experiences.When he went to give lectures, there was new content every time. The students said: Listen to Mr. Huang's lectures, never get tired of listening to them, and always listen to new ones. After reading the book "Shuowen Jiezi" read by Huang Kan, a student said to him: "Mr. Huang, the things on the head and the side of the book are of different colors and the characters are so small. Who else would recognize it?" Huang Kan half-jokingly said: "Why do I want people to recognize it? If others know the above content, I am not the first." Everyone laughed coquettishly. According to the memories of his students, Mr. Huang's teaching is even more special. He doesn't just use language to teach, but teaches this book with emotion. "Shuowen Jiezi" is a very boring book. If you teach knowledge in general, it is difficult for anyone to sit and listen for a long time. But when Mr. Huang said each word, he said it with love and hatred. Yes, he turned himself into the man in the book.The person in the book laughed, and he laughed, and the person in the book cried, and he also cried.So when he speaks every word, the students breathe with the teacher and with the words in the book.Therefore, every time he gives a lecture, there are many people who listen to the lectures, not only from his own class, but also from other classes, not only those who study liberal arts, but also those who study other subjects. However, Huang Kan and such students can only be regarded as casual acquaintances, and they only get some superficial knowledge of Huang Xuewen.If you want to learn Huang's true skills, you must be extremely talented, and at the same time, you must go through a formal apprenticeship ceremony.If you don't learn from a teacher, Huang Kan will never pay attention to you, no matter how good your aptitude is. In the spring of 1932, Huang Kan came to Beijing. The scholar Yang Shuda was his good friend, so he asked his nephew Yang Bojun to learn from him.The etiquette is: you have to kowtow to him when you offer ten yuan in a red paper envelope set.Yang Bojun was a young man of the new style, and he didn't want to kowtow at first, but Yang Shuda said: "Ji Gang is very knowledgeable. If you don't kowtow, you can't get real skills. You have to kowtow." Out of helplessness, Yang Bojun had to go to Huang Kan's house.After he went to the upper room, he put the red envelope on the table, knelt down and kowtowed to show his sincerity in apprenticeship.Huang Kan said: "From now on, you are my disciple." He also said: "Uncle Liu Shen and I were originally between teachers and friends. If we were with Master Taiyan, the three of us would talk about everything. But When it comes to Confucianism, Uncle Shen doesn’t open his mouth when I’m around. He and Master Taiyan can talk about Confucianism, why doesn’t he want to talk to me? I figured it out, he wants me to worship him as a teacher before he is willing to teach me Confucianism Therefore, when there was only Uncle Shen and me, I took the respect of my teacher and kowtowed to him as a teacher. In this way, he taught me his classics one by one. Master Taiyan's primary school is worse than mine , As for Confucian classics, I may not be inferior to Master Tai Yan, or I am still the best. My knowledge is obtained by kowtow, so when I accept disciples, I must make them follow the etiquette of apprenticeship." After saying these words, he asked Yang Bojun to go back to preview his homework and prepare for the lecture tomorrow.Only then did Yang Bojun understand the intention of his uncle and Huang Kan to ask him to kowtow to be a teacher, and he worked harder in the future, and later became a famous modern linguist in our country. Don't look at Huang Kan's eccentric and old-fashioned rituals for recruiting apprentices, but he is meticulous and strict in cultivating students, and his teaching methods are worthy of reference for future generations. After becoming famous, Huang Kan did not remain complacent, but humbly asked his colleagues and friends for advice from time to time, even at the expense of being a disciple.After Yuan Shikai's restoration and proclaiming the emperor's conspiracy went bankrupt, Liu Shipei, who was attached to Yuan, became a sinner in full view, and many friends were unwilling to associate with him.His health is not very good, he is always sick, has no job for a long time, and lives in extreme embarrassment.Huang Kan didn't think about the old evil, he spoke to Cai Yuanpei, and hired him to teach at Peking University. In 1919, Liu Shipei suffered from pulmonary tuberculosis to an advanced stage.Huang Kan went to visit Liu's house and saw Liu talking with a student.In the face of students' questions, he mostly falters.After the students left, Huang Kan asked Liu why he was perfunctory to the students.Liu said: "He is not a student to teach." Huang asked: "What kind of students do you want to accept?" Liu patted Huang on the shoulder and said, "Someone like you is enough!" Huang did not take this as a joke . The next day, Huang Kan booked a good banquet table, lit incense and candles, extended Liu Shipei to the table, kowtowed like a ritual, and called Liu Master from then on.At that time, many people were surprised, because Huang was only one year and three months younger than Liu, and the two were equally famous in the academic circle. Some people thought that Huang was better than Liu in learning.Huang Kan explained this: ""Three Rites" is learned by Liu's family, and now Liu is dying of lung disease. If you don't do this, you can't inherit the unique learning." good talk. Huang Kan has his own unique method of teaching apprentices: before teaching every day, he always orders the students to circle the thirteen classics, concentrate on the study of chapters and sentences, and go to bed until late at night every day.Over time, it took more than a year to finish counting the thirteen classics.Huang Kan then told the students that after this, the number of must-read books can be increased to 24.Later, Huang Kan asked students to finish reading the classics before the Tang Dynasty before the age of 30, because there were not many classics handed down before the Tang Dynasty, which were easy to finish and must be read.With such skills, it will be much easier to study any kind of Chinese studies in the future.And he warned students not to publish texts in newspapers and periodicals lightly. One is insufficient academic ability and the other is immature opinions. Huang Kan even set an example by not writing a book before the age of 50. He believed that the harvest season of academic research began when he knew his destiny. Unfortunately, there is no holiday, and his husband died young. On the other hand, most people today hold the concept of "being famous as soon as possible", and if they get something, they are afraid that the world will not know it, and they are eager to publish it in order to gain fame and money.If things go on like this, they often magnify a single point of view into universal truth, and apply Western theoretical frameworks without thinking, ignoring the necessary context and scope of application. What a great achievement, but did not walk out of the "Five Fingers Mountain" set by the predecessors, and academics have become a tool for chasing fame and profit, what a pain! In fact, what Huang Kan said is not to publish articles before the age of 30, and not to write books before the age of 50, apart from advising scholars to devote themselves to reading, to learn about university and true knowledge, there is another layer of deep meaning implied in it.This is a question about how scholars do their academic work.In Huang's view, when a scholar writes an article, on the one hand, he must speak up, and on the other hand, perhaps equally important, he must be good at hiding his clumsiness.After all, no knowledge system is perfect, and humanities research requires a long period of hard work before it is possible to draw some insights. This is often a slow effort. Only those who can sit down and endure loneliness can climb academic peak.Therefore, every time you say a word, every time you write an article, you must be cautious, because if you jump to conclusions lightly, it will be small to expose your lack of knowledge, but it will be big to mislead younger students to follow blindly.Therefore, a scholar is like a swordsman who roams the rivers and lakes. No matter how exquisite the swordsmanship is, it must have both offensive and defensive moves, so that it can go through hundreds of battles without causing chaos.Therefore, if academics are overly utilitarian and have a five-point level, they wish they could fully reflect it in their articles and works, and even hope to perform beyond the level in order to receive eight, ten, or even twelve-point effects.Driven by such psychology, scholars tend to become "quick hands" and "high-yield scholars". They publish ten or twenty papers a year, regardless of the quality, and win people by quantity first.But it cannot be ignored that being sharp also often means full of flaws.Publish the article together to the world, and its level will naturally be seen in the eyes of the peers, and the advantages and disadvantages are clearly clear.And the faults and flaws in it will make others remember them even more. "Haste makes waste", this is often the golden advice that such fast-handed and prolific scholars should keep in mind but most easily overlooked. "Slow work produces careful work", perhaps the true meaning of learning is nothing more than this, and only this. Huang Kan reads books and likes to punctuate them casually.He was very serious when he circled, and many books were circled more than once.For example, "Wen Xuan" circled dozens of times, "Han Shu", "Xin Tang Shu" and other books three times. "Drafts of Qing History" has 100 volumes and 700 volumes, and he punctuated it in detail, volume by volume, from beginning to end, never skipping.Therefore, when he reads, he just casually flips through and reads a few chapters as "killing the head of the book", which is very disapproving.Many scholars like to talk about Huang Kan's suffering in studying, but he doesn't think it is a chore. Once, when Huang Kan was chatting with his student Lu Zongda, Huang asked Lu: "When is a person the happiest?" Lu didn't know what the teacher meant by this question, so he guessed randomly, saying this was the happiest, and that was the happiest.After hearing this, Huang Kan just shook his head.Finally, when Lu asked the teacher what the answer was, Huang Kan said with a smile: "It is the happiest time when a book is circled to the last volume and there is still the last chapter left." This conversation will be remembered by Lu Zongda all his life. Moreover, Huang Kan regards books as his life, and every time he buys books, he makes himself ashamed of his pocket.The greatest possession in his life is books.Zhang Taiyan's epitaph for him said: "If you have more money, you must buy books." Most people who are eager to learn have this habit.Of course, there are countless books in the world to read and buy, and the money of literati is even more limited. If they buy endless books with limited money, they will naturally become poor every day.Once, Huang Kan chatted with his students about buying books.Said that his wife often blamed him for buying books desperately, and sometimes remitted money to other places to buy. After the money was sent, she looked forward to the package every day. It would be such a waste to put it on the bookshelf and never even read it again.Huang Kan replied: "If you want to know my happiness in buying books, you can read them when you open the package. For example, if we get married, aren't we the happiest when we are newlyweds?" "Treasure" and how to pack books when moving often bothered him.Huang Kan's books are all scattered on the shelves, even piles on the desks on the floor.Once, Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou invited him to teach. No matter how hard the school tried to persuade him or how generous the salary was, Huang Kan refused.When others asked him why he didn't go to teach at CUHK, Huang Kan replied flatly: "I have too many books and it's hard to carry, so I didn't go." However, the books that Huang Kan worked so hard to collect were eventually ruined by others. During the "January 28th" Incident, Huang Kan moved his family with his family, packed eight trucks of books in a hurry, and transported them to Caishiji for temporary storage. Unexpectedly, they were stolen by local residents and sold as waste paper in baskets.What a waste of money! Don't look at Huang Kan's eccentric temper and ugly appearance, but he is also a romantic and lustful "passionate seed".There are countless secrets about his affairs, which can be filled in a basket, which is really amazing. According to incomplete statistics at the time, he married as many as nine times in his life.Huang Kan's first wife is the Wang family, and the two get together less and leave more, in name only.He once served as the tutor of Huang Shaolan, a woman of the same family.Later, Huang Shaolan studied from a female teacher in Beijing and went to Shanghai to open a Bowen girls' school. Huang Kan went to Shanghai to pursue her.At that time, his wife had not yet come to court, so Huang Kan had a plan to trick Huang Shaolan into applying for a marriage certificate with him, using Li XX's pseudonym.黄侃的解释是：“因你也明知我家有发妻。如用我真名，则我犯重婚罪。同时你明知故犯，也不能不负责任。”谁知好景不长，黄侃回北京女师大教书，与一苏州籍的彭姓女学生秘密结合，此事被黄绍兰的好友侦知。黄绍兰闻讯，欲哭无泪，因为婚书上男方的姓名不真，又如何对簿公堂，讨一公道？What's even more tragic is that she and Huang Kan had a daughter, and her father hated her for insulting the family tradition, so in a rage, he severed the father-daughter relationship with her.后黄绍兰投在章太炎门下，深得章夫人汤国梨的同情，但她仍然摆脱不了黄侃给她心灵投下的巨大阴影，变得疯疯癫癫，最终悬梁自尽，借以解脱。汤国梨在《太炎先生轶事简述》一文中公开表明她看不惯黄侃极不检点的私生活，骂他“有文无行，为人所不齿”，实乃“无耻之尤的衣冠禽兽”。 然而，虽说制造孽债不少，黄侃却并未有收手之意，继续追求“窈窕淑女”。在武昌高等师范学校任教时，原配夫人王氏去世，黄侃恢复了自由身。当时有个大三女生黄菊英，与黄侃的大女儿同级，假日常到他家里来玩，以父师之礼事黄侃，黄侃对她也很好。两人日久生情，终于传出“二黄师生恋”的艳话。但是，黄菊英的家庭比较守旧，根据“同姓不婚”的习俗，他们难能成为连理。黄侃为表示对黄菊英的情意，就填了一词，云： 今生未必重相见，遥计他生，谁信他生？缥缈缠绵一种情。 当时留恋成何济？知有飘零，毕竟飘零，便是飘零也感卿。 手捧这么煽情缠绵的佳句，试问天下有几个女子会不动心呢？黄菊英看后，大为感动，毅然决定脱离家庭和他成婚。此事很快传遍武汉学界，顿时成为丑闻。依照黄侃我行我素的个性，怎会害怕别人骂他伤风败俗？他居然要学生收集骂他的小报，以供蜜月消遣，真是匪夷所思也。