Chapter 5 Wu Peifu: Adhere to principles even in failure

Wu Peifu has read the books of sages and sages, and he is known as Confucian commander-in-chief.He sticks to three beliefs throughout his life: don't collect money, don't take concubines, and don't enter the concession after frustration.He did all three.After he was frustrated, Japan was willing to provide him with funds and guns to support his comeback, but he sternly refused.After Wu Peifu stepped down, his life was poor. Zhang Xueliang often helped him, but after Zhang Xueliang lost the three eastern provinces, he still scolded Zhang Xueliang mercilessly.Japan kept wooing him during its invasion of China, but he flatly rejected them all. Although he was trapped in the Japanese-occupied area, he would never collude with the Japanese and puppets.

Wu Peifu, named Ziyu, was born in Penglai County, Shandong Province, and was born in a small merchant family. At the age of 6, he entered a private school, and at the age of 14, he entered the naval camp of Dengzhou Prefecture as a soldier.In his spare time during military affairs, he insisted on reading and self-study, and he especially liked to study books such as "Liu Ren Daquan", "Liuzhuang Physiognomy", "Li Xuzhong's Fate Book".With hard self-study skills, at the age of 22 (1896) was admitted to the scholar.Unexpectedly, in the second year after becoming a scholar, he was dismissed for offending a local tyrant, and was wanted. He had to leave his hometown and come to Beijing from Shandong to set up a divination stall on the street to make a living by divination and fortune-telling.

The young magician set up a stall in the downtown area for three days, but no one cared about it, while a middle-aged blind magician who called himself a "little fairy" next to him had a prosperous business and was overwhelmed.Wu Peifu gritted his teeth angrily as he watched him froth and kept putting money in his pockets, but there was nothing he could do.He secretly calculated that if he persisted for another two days, if there was still no business, he would have to find another way. On the morning of the fourth day, a man came to the stall of "Little Fairy" and grabbed him and asked him, "A month ago, I came to ask you about the lost property. You said that you can find it by looking east. I believe you." Nonsense, I spent a lot of travel expenses until I reached the beach, but I didn’t see anything. Let me ask you, why did you cheat money and deceive people?” The performer said calmly, “If you have something to say, grab me What are you doing blind. I can’t remember when I did the calculations for you, and even if I did, maybe you didn’t search carefully enough, so why blame me.” Hearing this, the man couldn’t say anything for a while.At this time, someone among the onlookers smoothed things over, saying that the "little fairy" has been setting up a fortune-telling booth here for more than a year, and there are quite a few accurate calculations, so don't just blame him.

The man had no choice but to say to the blind man resentfully, "I will never give you money again." The blind man listened and remained silent.The man turned his head and saw another young sorcerer nearby, hesitated for a moment, walked over slowly, and asked, "I have something missing, can you figure out its whereabouts for me?" "Yes." "How much does it cost?" Money?" "One Guangyang." "Okay, then please do the math." After speaking, he took out a silver dollar and put it on the stall.At this time, some people came around, all with strange and curious eyes, watching the actions of this imposing young warlock.

Wu Peifu was a little nervous when he was doing business for the first time, but he had been in the military camp, was selected as a scholar, and was proficient in arithmetic, so he seemed very calm.He replaced yarrow with money, put three Shunzhi Tongbao copper coins into the classroom tube, shook it and poured it on the stall, six times before and after, forming a hexagram. That hexagram is Zhen's transformation into Guimei, and it is the sixth and second line of Zhen's hexagram, a sudden change. When Wu Peifu saw it, he had a bottom line in his mind, because the sixth and second line of Zhen Gua said: "When the earthquake comes, a hundred million people will die, and they will be among the Jiulings. Don't chase them away, and you will get them on the seventh day." It is exactly about lost things.So, he raised his head and said to the man, there is no need to search for the lost property, it will appear within seven days.Hearing this, the man had a suspicious look on his face.Wu Peifu said: "Don't worry, if you can't find the things within seven days, I will pay you back one yuan."

Everything is difficult at the beginning, once you start, you will be able to continue later.Wu Peifu has a dignified appearance, skilled operation of spells, and crisp and dignified speech, which quickly subtracted the unfavorable factors of being unfamiliar and young.He served several customers who asked for divination and fortune-telling one after another, and his pocket gradually gained some weight. The sun was gradually setting, and Wu Peifu was about to eat, when he suddenly saw a man and a woman rushing over there, about 30 years old, the man looked sad and angry, and the woman was pale, approaching, the man stepped forward Wu Peifu.The woman hurriedly screamed from behind, it wasn't him, it was that one.So the man grabbed the "little fairy" by the collar, raised his hand and slapped the face twice, which made the blind man's mouth bleed and screamed.The people around all of a sudden came over.The man glanced at the people around him and said in a trembling voice: "I left home ten years ago to do business. When I came home today, I saw that my wife had married someone else. Ask her what's going on? She said, I didn’t receive the letter. I asked this person for a fortune telling a year ago, and he said that I died in a foreign country. So, she married someone else three days ago.” At this time, the woman cried and said, “Who told you After so many years, I haven’t received any letters, so I went to tell you your fortune.” “Why don’t you write letters? Over the years, I have asked people to write seven or eight letters to send home, but I have never received a reply.” The man The veins on his neck popped up, and he said in a sobbing voice.

The man became more and more angry as he talked, he swung his fist and hit the "little fairy", until he hugged his head and shouted for help.The fortune tellers used to earn money with one mouth, but they couldn't stand the beating, and they fell to the ground after a few blows. Most of the silver and copper coins in their pockets rolled to the ground, and some people got benefits.Maybe it was because of "getting people's money and eliminating disasters with others", several people came to persuade the man, "Your wife is already married, so it is useless even if you beat him to death, not to mention that you have to go to court, and you can beat him." It's gone, and the anger is out, let's just let it go." The man couldn't convince the crowd, and after thinking about it, it was true, so he stopped.In this way, the blind man has also been wounded.

Wu Peifu took a deep breath when he saw it, thinking that although fortune-telling and divination are ways of making a living, one must be careful.The unlucky blind man didn't know whether he made a mistake in his calculations, or the horoscope was wrong in the first place. It is just "one word prospers the country, one word ruins the country", so he should take it as a warning in the future. Four days later, early in the morning, Wu Peifu's booth had just been set up, and the man who had divination the lost property came excitedly a few days ago.As soon as they met, he bowed respectfully and said repeatedly: "Sir, you are really a fairy. My lost property is a real estate contract. I was drunk and stuffed it in a book. It was stolen by my daughter last night." I see." Wu Peifu was naturally happy when he heard this, and thought to himself that "Book of Changes" really made sense, "Zhen" changed to "Dui", and Dui is a girl, no wonder his daughter would find her.He said humbly: "How can I be a god, I can only be a 'half fairy' at most." The man said to Wu Peifu sincerely: "Sir, my name is Zhang Dashan, and I live in the courtyard of No. 3 Dasheng Hutong. , in the future, if you need help with anything, you can come to me." He bowed again and left.

"Sir, please tell me your fate." Wu Peifu looked up and saw a middle-aged gentleman. "Please tell me the time." "In the seventh year of Xianfeng, on the seventeenth day of the first lunar month, when he was ugly, he was a man." Wu Peifu flipped through the perpetual calendar, and quickly came up with the horoscope of this hour: Year of Dingsi, month of Renyin, day of Gengzi, time of Ding Chou Wu Peifu looked at the horoscope and thought it was very good. After a little planning and organization, he said: "This fate is very good. Gengjin was born in the spring moon, Dinghuo is upright and official, heavenly stems and Dingren are combined, and earthly branches are ugly. The master is a man." He was born in a high family, and was wealthy all his life, and he was rich and noble. He is of medium build, his complexion is pale and slightly bluish red, he is not strong, but he has no diseases."

"Sir, you are right. This is my horoscope. Please take a look at my child's condition." "It's quite rare for you to hit Gonglang, but there are thousands of gold, and daughters are better than men." "Sir, I'm sure again. I only had one daughter. Please tell me what's not good. A gentleman asks about disasters but not about blessings." The gentleman-like man frowned and asked. "Okay, if you don't feel strange, I'll just say it straight. Although the ancestor of this horoscope is honored, but for some reason, your grandmother can't enjoy specific blessings. You broke your fortune when you were young, and your daughter's health is not good. "

Hearing this, the man nodded and asked anxiously: "Sir, tell me, how is the situation in front of me?" Wu Peifu glanced at him, pondered for a moment and said, "You are 40 years old. Since four years ago, you have been troubled constantly. Someone plotted against you, and you have a lot of gossip." Seeing the man's frown, Wu Peifu went on to say: "The situation has improved this year, but the troubles have not passed away, and I still feel that everything is constrained, and I am cautious. Next year, the troubles will still intensify, and it will be better after the year after." "Sir, will the disaster be serious, for example, will I be sued?" "No, it's all a false alarm, and it will cost a little money at most." "On what basis do you say that?" "From the age of 36, you will have the great luck of the '1898', and the God of Xiao will be with the 'Ground Net' ('Xu' is the ground net), so your heart is panicked, restless and irritable, and the villain is responsible for all the disasters. I was afraid that I would be in prison. Fortunately, the 'Chen' of Chongdi Wangxu lives in the place of 'empty death', so it can eliminate the disaster." "Thank you so much. I'm relieved when you say that. What's my lifespan?" "Your life, in fact, has a very long life span. It's just that when you were 59 years old (Xin You), there was a juncture. You must be careful in everything." "Thank you, thank you very much. This is just a little meaning here, and the right is the lesson money, and I will thank you later." After speaking, the man took out 10 silver dollars, put them on the stall, and went. In his spare time, Wu Peifu calculates his fate, thinking that he will have great achievements in the military and political circles in the future, and his life span can exceed 80, so he always pays attention to it.A year later, Wu Peifu joined the Nie Shicheng Department of the Huai Army, starting from the bottom of the soldiers, and embarked on the journey of his military career, climbing step by step, advancing step by step. In 1924, Wu Peifu, the patrol envoy of the two lakes, the deputy envoy of the Zhiluyu tour, and General Fuwei, commanded hundreds of thousands of troops, and was powerful in Luoyang.This was the heyday of his life.On April 3rd of this year (March 7th in the lunar calendar), Wu Peifu celebrated his 50th birthday by inspecting the deputy envoy's office in Zhiluyu, Luoyang, Henan.Heads of the Beiyang government, military and political officials from various provinces, and celebrities all went to Luoyang in person or sent representatives to celebrate their birthdays, and sent various birthday gifts.At one time, the birthday hall was filled with birthday tents, gold and silver birthday peaches, precious stones and jade articles, countless of which. There are gold characters written on the forehead of the Shoutang: "Gonggao Songyue" and "Weizhen Huaxia".In the middle of the birthday hall hangs a golden lacquered horizontal plaque in red letters sent by Xu Shichang, President of the Beijing Government, with the four characters "Pillar of the Nation" written on it.Cao Kun, the inspector of Zhilu and Henan, sent the secretary-general Wang Yuzhi to send a couplet: Fengyun will be both civil and military, and Jianghan Chaozong clarifies Heluo.A couplet sent by Zhao Hengti from Hunan Province: Luoyang is full of flowers in March, and Antarctica is full of stars.Hanging outside the Shoutang Building is a five-story firecracker sent by Hubei Governor Xiao Yaonan.He did not forget the kindness of Wu Peifu's sponsorship as the governor of Hubei, and he sent 50 meritorious pavements and residences in the Hankou French Concession.Commander-in-chief of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River and commander of the Eighth Division Wang Ruqin sent the five-inch-tall Golden Eight Immortals.Shaanxi governor Liu Zhenhua sent 80 Wanmin umbrellas.The table in front of the birthday hall is full of gifts, the most eye-catching one is a pair of golden longevity peaches given by Cao Kun.Ma Lianjia, the governor of Anhui Province, knew that Wu Peifu liked to play mahjong, so he specially customized a pair of gold mahjong set with gems, and sent it as a birthday gift with an invoice.The invoice stated that it was cast by Shanghai Yang Qinghe, and the price was 800,000 silver.Yan Xishan, the governor of Shanxi, sent Zhao Daiwen as a representative to Luoyang to celebrate his birthday, and sent a Song version of "The Complete Tang Poems" and the full text of the "Thirteen Classics" written in small seal script by Li Zhun, the admiral of the Guangdong Navy in the late Qing Dynasty.Wu Peifu was very happy to receive the rare book collection and regarded it as a treasure.After Wu Peifu's death, his adopted son sold the two books to a Japanese antique dealer for 200,000 yuan. At the beginning of the birthday celebration, Wu Peifu wore the uniform of an army general and held the Nine Lions Sword in his hand.He first bowed three times to the horizontal plaque presented by President Xu Shichang, then turned and stood, and representatives from various provinces and celebrities bowed three times to Wu Peifu.After the ceremony, Wu Peifu returned the gift, bowed and stepped back, and went to the back hall with Kang Youwei, who came to celebrate his birthday, to change into a long gown, mandarin jacket, and melon skin cap. The birthday plaque with "National Pillar" is particularly eye-catching.Kang You made a special trip to Luoyang to celebrate his birthday this time, and wrote a couplet specially: "Makino Yingyang, a century-old fame is only half; tigers look at Luoyang, all directions will meet Zhongzhou." In fact, his real purpose was to persuade Wu Peifu to support the constitutional monarchy and Puyi's restoration.The "Muye" in his couplet was originally the ancient land where the soldiers of the Yin Dynasty defected, implying that they should defect and restore.Wu Peifu understood at a glance, he knelt and kowtowed three times to the birthday plaque "National Pillar" presented to Puyi, expressing that he would not forget the old king.Wu Peifu was a scholar of the Qing Dynasty, and he had the desire not to forget the fundamentals, but he refused the request to lead the army to restore and support the constitutional monarchy.Kang Youwei was dissatisfied when he failed to fulfill his wish.Before leaving Luoyang, he presented Wu Peifu with a poem. In the poem, there is a sentence "Human dwellings in caves disturbed the ancient times, and the land became a desert ashamed of China", which was intended to satirize Wu Peifu's claim that "Zhou Li" was retro. The last person who came to celebrate the birthday was Feng Yuxiang, the governor of Henan Province. He sent two soldiers to carry a jar of clean water.Wu Peifu saluted Feng Yuxiang and said with a smile: "Thank you, thank you!" Feng Yuxiang said: "Marshal's birthday, Yuxiang is late, I wish you good health and a long life!" Desolate and powerless, I only sent a jar of clean water to show my respect!" Wu Peifu asked the soldiers to open the lid of the altar, took a bowl, took a sip and swallowed it, and said with a smile, "Huanzhang, good! The friendship between gentlemen is as light as water, please come in!" Pulling Feng Yuxiang into the hall. Bai Jianwu, head of the Political Affairs Department, came over and said to Wu Peifu: "The commander-in-chief's 50th birthday cannot be without poetry." The situation in Europe and Asia is ever-changing, and the heroic cause is the same from ancient to modern. The flowers bloom in the garden to watch in March, and people pass by a peak in Penglai. The Forbidden City in Beijing is the most complete and largest imperial palace in the world.The Forbidden City, formerly known as the "Forbidden City", is the imperial palace of the Ming and Qing dynasties. It is located in the center of Beijing, on the north-south axis.It was first built in the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty and has a history of nearly 600 years. During this period, it has been rebuilt and rebuilt and still maintains its original scale. It is the largest and most complete building complex in my country.The Forbidden City is solemn in shape and rigorous in layout, which embodies the excellent tradition and unique style of ancient Chinese architectural art.According to the function, the Forbidden City is divided into the former dynasty and the inner court.The former dynasty centered on the three halls—the Hall of Supreme Harmony, the Hall of Zhonghe, and the Hall of Baohe. It was the place where successive emperors held grand ceremonies, summoned ministers, and handled government affairs.The three halls are built on the three-story white marble platform. They are broad in shape, magnificent in momentum, and carved with painted beams and painted buildings.Among the three main halls, the most magnificent is the Hall of Supreme Harmony, which is currently the largest wooden structure building in China.The inner court is dominated by Qianqing Palace and Jiaotai Palace, which are the places where the emperor works and lives. At the beginning of 1912, the Senate and House of Representatives of the National Congress of the Republic of China moved from Nanjing to Beijing, and worked in the former site of the Zizheng Yuan in front of Xiangfang Bridge in Xuanwumen.Due to the small size of the Congress venue, it was gradually not enough for use. In 1923, the government secretly planned to move the Senate and the House of Representatives to the three halls of Taihe, Zhonghe, and Baohe in the Forbidden City, and transform the three halls into places for daily office work and meetings. After that, the Beijing government commissioned the Swedish architect Stark to design the renovation of the three halls of the Forbidden City. On April 1, 1923, Starck submitted two proposals to choose from.The main principle is: remove the emperor's throne that originally occupied the center of the Hall of Supreme Harmony, and then arrange the seats of the House of Representatives fan-shaped along the axis of the house.At the same time, in order to maintain the overall style and appearance of the three main halls and the architectural pattern of the entire Forbidden City, the design plan also plans to add ancillary buildings to the north side of the courtyard walls at the east and west ends of the main hall. Due to his great contributions in the just-concluded first Zhifeng War, Wu Peifu is at the height of his power at this time, and his power is in full swing.Although it is located in Luoyang, the Marshal's Mansion is still full of traffic and guests. April 22, 1923 was Marshal Wu's fiftieth birthday.Although Wu Peifu had already published "Thanks to Luo Binguo" in the newspaper, he still couldn't stop the people who came to celebrate his birthday.While cups and toasts were being exchanged, plans for the renovation of the Forbidden City inadvertently spread to his ears. After careful investigation, Wu Peifu further grasped the details of the Republic of China government's renovation of the third hall of the Forbidden City. On May 20, he called President Li Yuanhong, Prime Minister Zhang Shaozeng, Minister of the Interior Gao Lingjue, and Chief Financial Officer Zhang Hu, strongly opposing the matter. President Jun Jian, Premier of the State Council, Ministry of the Interior, and Ministry of Finance Jun Jian: According to the report, Beijing conspired to demolish the three halls and build a Western-style parliament. If the materials were not enough, the Qianqing Palace would be demolished to make up for it, and the various ministries were moved to Da Nei, and the vends were deployed separately.Selling a five-hundred-year-old wooden palace column earns one profit; vending each deployment earns two benefits; building a new parliament house earns three benefits;The proponents are deliberate, nothing more than the selfishness of hoping to be satisfied.The scale of Zhasandian is magnificent, and it was built in Yongle Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty, and it has been around for 500 years.In the fifteenth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, the Taihe Gate suffered a catastrophe, and the cost of repairs ranged from 50,000 to 50,000 yuan per column.According to those who have heard about the returnees of the European Westward Journey, there are palaces in hundreds of countries that are exquisite, and none can compare to the majesty of the three palaces.This is not only a miracle of China, but also a treasure of hundreds of countries.European and American countries are all concerned with the protection of antiquities, which is called civilization, otherwise it is called barbarism.It is especially solemn when it is taught in the temple of the Emperor's Palace. ... If it is as stupid as our country's actions today, it will be ruined for a long time.When I suddenly heard the news of the destruction of the palace, I couldn't help sighing. Although this statement may not be believed, it is not without reason.If it is demolished, China will lose this great work and ancient relic forever, and it will be laughed at by all nations, even if it is not counted, how can it bear to use the Forbidden City for hundreds of years to support several people?I hope that you will persevere to preserve the treasures of the land and the kingdoms, and there is nothing to pray for. Wu Peifu quoted extensively from all sources, and his righteous words were strict, painstakingly reporting the disadvantages of demolishing the three halls.Its passion for cultural heritage and care for the fire of civilization is beyond words.In that era of continuous wars and overwhelming soldiers, Wu Peifu actually had such foresight, which is admirable.No wonder people often called him "Xiucai General". Marshal Wu was furious, how dare the capital be negligent! On May 25, Wu Jinglian, the Speaker of the House of Representatives who presided over the relocation of the Congress, Wang Jiaxiang, the President of the Senate, Zhang Bolie, the Acting Chairman of the Deliberations, and Tang Yi, the Chairman of the Constitution Drafting Committee, called Wu Peifu and told the truth that the Congress did not intend to demolish the three main halls and rebuild the Western-style House. He said that it is only planned to add seats and auditorium seats between the pillars of the three halls. The full text of the telegram is as follows: Luoyang Wu inspected the envoy: I read all the newspapers and sent a special telegram to the government. This book preserves the purpose of the three halls to make a statement. Regarding the move of the Congress, I think it is wrong.My younger brother read it and doubted it, thinking that if there is such a telegram, it must be the fault of the accuser.Baidu is extremely chaotic in middle school today.There are only one or two of them that we have discussed, and there are almost thousands of them that have not been discussed.Assuming these one or two things, I still hear different words and opinions, and I am as good as my father, but I don’t understand.Brother and others thought it would never end here.The intention of the National Assembly to relocate the three halls is to be jointly created by my brother and others. I would like to explain it to the public.One is to face up to the sight and listen to consolidate the foundation of the country.Every country’s major events, such as the election of the president, his oath of office, the announcement or amendment of the constitution, and the meeting with his husband to interpret the constitution, etc., must be held in the most solemn and magnificent place in the history of the country. .The palace of Fesseille of France, where King Louis XIV camped, is now the meeting place of the French Parliament, which is a proof of it.In the second year of the Republic of China, Xiangcheng passed the code of office of the president in the Hall of Supreme Harmony, which is known to the public.However, according to various presidential election laws, the oath taken by the president when he takes office is actually the place where he attends the Congress, and of course things are done in the country's own venue.If the story of the Xiangcheng era, the Congress is not the subject of the oath, and the members are the guests who visit the inauguration, it is contrary to the legal principles, and the past is enough to prove it.Since the Republic of China, the emperor of Qing Dynasty still holds the honorary title, and the old people have a heart because of this, and the restoration of the imperial system in the past may see them again.For example, it is said that the three halls should be kept in order to deal with all major events of the country, and they can all be carried out on the Xiangfang Bridge.The second is to seek the preservation of ancient buildings.It is common sense that all buildings should be preserved after being used, and destroyed if they are not used.The three halls today have been abandoned for a long time, especially the side halls. If they are not repaired, there is no other way to preserve them. , additional seats, and auditorium seats.There is nothing to use to dismantle it, and I don't know what it means to destroy it.Regardless of the Temple of Heaven, it was the venue where the Constitution was drafted in the second year of the Republic of China.And an office is attached to it.After all, is there any damage to this exquisite and magnificent building, and whether the reason for its new appearance is a waste of national money.The Temple of Heaven is like this, as can be seen from the three halls.The drafting of the Constitution will be like this, and Congress will know.The total cost of the repair project is only about 200,000 yuan, which is extremely economical.It is also heard that the authorities plan to evaluate the price by means of public bidding, so that the disadvantage of being full can be eliminated.All in all, there should be new buildings in the two houses of Congress in the future, and all the things that will happen when the two houses meet must be done in the three halls, which will always be custom-made and hang down to the infinite.Therefore, rectification of names, don't be too trivial, it is actually a regular scripture for establishing a country, and it is by no means an urgent detail. It is a dangerous word that reverses the facts, so it is not worth it.Immediately looking forward to electricity, but hope to observe brightly. From the telegrams of Wu Jinglian and others, it can be seen that the National Congress has hired Chinese and foreign engineers to draw up drawings for reconstruction projects, and the drawing papers used are no less than a dozen kinds.The so-called "all things when the two houses meet must be done in the three halls, and they will always be custom-made and hang down to the infinite", that is, the Senate and the House of Representatives will move into the three halls.It has been agreed to repair the proposal seats and auditorium seats in the main hall, and the project bidding method and project funds have been drawn up.It is conceivable that construction in the three halls will inevitably cause damage to the palace. At that time, Wu Peifu was in his heyday, and he was well versed in manipulating public opinion. More importantly, he stood in a patriotic standpoint and called for the protection of cultural relics. His reasons were upright and very appealing.The telegrams of Wu Jinglian and others were sophistry. Not only did they fail to correct the audiovisual, but they revealed the details of the plan for the relocation of the three halls by the two courts, and the public opinion was even more unfavorable to them.The discussion on the relocation of the three halls of the two houses of Congress has stopped here, and no one has mentioned it again. Under Wu Peifu's pressure, and due to strong opposition from all walks of life, the renovation plan of the three main halls was aborted, and the three main halls of the Forbidden City, which are "spiritually brilliant", have been preserved intact. The world hurts the past several times, and Yamagata still sleeps in the cold current.Now when you stop at the Forbidden City, apart from the overwhelming sights, there is also the secret history of the palace full of ear drums.Who still has Yaxing to calm down and think about the historical truth and realistic care behind this splendid view, let alone the contribution of Wu Peifu, the "executioner whose hands are stained with the blood of the people". Without the Japanese invasion, Wu Peifu, who has disappeared from the political arena, would have spent his entire life in Beijing.However, the gunfire of the Marco Polo Bridge Incident interrupted his remnant dreams. In June 1938, in order to get rid of the predicament of aggression against China, the Japanese imperialists instigated the establishment of a traitor government in China and implemented "use China to control China".The Japanese are optimistic about two Chinese who have always had feuds with Chiang Kai-shek. One is Wang Jingwei, the number two figure in the dynasty, and the other is Wu Peifu, who once commanded millions of troops.On the one hand, they wooed Wang Jingwei, and on the other hand, they desperately seduced Wu Peifu, the former figurehead of the Beiyang government. The first lobbyist was the Japanese Uncle Tongzhen. He was ordered to enter Beiping, invited Wu Peifu to meet, and asked Wu to come out of the mountain to take on the task of "Xingya".Wu Peifu did not agree.Later, the Japanese side sent a more powerful China hand known as "Lawrence of the East" and the famous Japanese spy chief Doihara, determined to drag Wu Peifu into the water.Doihara went out in person and visited Wu Peifu three times to win him over, but Wu Peifu blocked them all with ingenious words. For the first time, Doihara claimed to be below him, and when they met, he begged: "Please come out and save us Japan." Wu Peifu laughed and said, "I can't save myself, how can I save others?" go away. The second time, Doihara said straight to the point: "Please come out and mediate the peace between China and Japan." Wu Peifu took advantage of the situation and said: "Wow! Please call the emperor of your country and the commander-in-chief Chiang of our country, and ask me to mediate. Of course. "This is undoubtedly a problem, and Doihara can't deal with it. For the third time, Doihara used high-ranking officials as bait to persuade Wu Peifu to come out to maintain Sino-Japanese ethnic relations, and promised to restore Wu's former power.Doihara said: "Please come out of the mountain and take up the original position to maintain the Sino-Japanese ethnic issue." Wu Peifu shook his head and smiled bitterly and said: "There is no such thing as going out of the mountain now. If you want to go out, please leave China, including the Northeast." ,is it okay?" Seeing that there was room for negotiation, Doihara immediately proposed: "In that case, how about you come forward and hold a press conference for Chinese and foreign press?" Wu Peifu nodded in agreement after hearing this.Not long after, newspapers and periodicals in Japan and the occupied areas reported heavily that Wu Peifu was going to hold a press conference.Doihara also sent someone to prepare the "speech script" for the press conference for Wu Peifu, and ordered the translator to translate it sentence by sentence regardless of whether Wu Peifu followed the speech script or not. On March 30, 1939, more than a hundred Chinese and foreign journalists flocked to the Assorted Garden.The garden was heavily guarded, and every reporter who entered the venue was issued a "speech script" in Chinese, English and Japanese.Before Wu Peifu spoke, Chinese and foreign journalists had already read the printed "Wu's Opinions on the Current Situation".Wu Peifu, dressed as a Chinese gentleman, entered the venue surrounded by the crowd, bowed politely to the reporter, and then gave an impromptu speech after only glancing at the "speech script" before the case.Doihara was very satisfied with the opening speech, but Wu Peifu suddenly changed the subject and said word by word: "Only 'peace' can be 'harmony', and 'peace' must be based on 'peace'." In my opinion, China and Japan There are only three prerequisites for peace: 1. Japan unconditionally withdraws its troops from North China; 2. The Republic of China should maintain the integrity of its territory and sovereignty; 3. Japan should regard Chongqing (the National Government) as its opponent in comprehensive negotiations.” People can't understand.Wu Peifu also sternly ordered the secretary to translate his last "political declaration" into Japanese "absolutely unalterable".The Chinese and foreign journalists at the venue wrote down Wu Peifu's most authentic speech in succession.Then Wu Peifu picked up the "speech paper" prepared by Doihara from the front of the case, threw it on the ground hard, and stepped on it hard.Doihara was trembling with anger, his face was sallow.Wu Peifu cleverly used the form of a press conference to expose the rumors spread by Doihara and smash the Japanese conspiracy. One day in December 1938, Assorted Garden drove into several cars, and a few Japanese in casual clothes got out of the cars, and the leader was Wu Peifu's old friend Masujiro Okano.This person served as Wu Peifu's adviser in the past, and behind him is Major General Kawamoto who succeeded Doihara.Chuanmoto praised Wu Peifu greatly, and asked to worship Wu as his teacher, and also gave Mrs. Wu Peifu a large sum of money in the name of honoring his mother.In fact, this is the so-called "connection-emotional" method of wooing Wu implemented by Kawamoto.At that time, Wang Jingwei had already defected to Japan, and the Japanese proposed the strategy of "Wang governing and Wu leading the army", so they continued to induce Wu Peifu to surrender.This time Wu Peifu was in a hurry, and he sent someone overnight to return the money to Kawamoto. Seeing the miscalculation of this plan, Chuanben raised the idea of ​​the people around Wu Peifu again, but in the end there was no result.In the end, Kawamoto personally went out to persuade the teacher to go out of the mountain, but Wu Peifu said: "If you want peace, you must withdraw the troops in an all-round way!" Bad luck will fall on the students again, if the teacher insists on refusing, the students will have to commit suicide by caesarean section to thank the emperor." Wu Peifu said: "I have accepted your wrong love and worshiped me as a teacher, but I don't see you reading the scriptures and asking righteousness. There is nothing between you and me. There is only a teacher-student relationship. Why bother to force each other with the false name of master and student?" Then he sent Chuanmoto a quote from Mencius: "A small country cannot be against a large one, a few countries cannot be against a large number of people, and a weak country cannot be against a strong one. Large and numerous, Japan will eventually fail, and this is my final view on the Sino-Japanese War." Kawamoto was so angry that he only said one sentence: "The commander will regret it!" Wu Peifu invited them to look at one thing in his home. It turned out to be a black lacquered coffin, on which Wu Peifu had engraved his name, and it was only empty for years, months, and days.The Japanese's temptation and coercion all failed. One day at the end of 1939.When Wu Peifu was eating dumplings, a bone dreg from the meat stuffing got stuck between his teeth, and it swelled up after a few days. Wu Peifu covered his mouth in pain and groaned endlessly. At 3 o'clock in the afternoon on December 4, Kawamoto and the Japanese military medical chief Ishida, and Wu's friends Qi Xieyuan, Fu Dingyi and others drove to the Shijin Garden. At that time, there was a team of Japanese military police who refused anyone to enter the Shijin Garden. When Wu Peifu saw Kawamoto, his expression was very angry.At this moment, Ishida opened his leather bag and took out pliers, steel bars, etc.Then he forcefully pried open Wu's mouth and looked at it, saying, "We need an operation to release the pus." Mrs. Wu and her servants tried their best to stop him, but to no avail, Mrs. Wu had no choice but to hold Wu's head, her son's feet, and Shi Tian He took out a long, narrow and sharp scalpel.At this time, Zhang Ruifeng, Wu's fifth aunt, saw this and shouted, "Wait!" Kawamoto came over aggressively and asked, "What's the matter?" She also protested loudly: "Since the operation was performed, why didn't you use anesthesia?" Ishida grinned wryly and rummaged through the purse for a long time before finding out the injection, and injected Wu with one, and then pried open Wu's teeth.At that time, Zhang Ruifeng saw with his own eyes that Ishida's long, narrow and sharp scalpel did not point at the swollen gums, but stabbed at Wu's throat.Wu screamed "Ah", and blood spurted out.In an instant, blood flowed out, Wu Peifu glared at Kawamoto, and finally died of anger. In 1932, the distraught Wu Peifu left Chengdu and came to Peiping.Zhang Xueliang gave "Yu Shuai" a lot of face, and personally led hundreds of civil and military officials to greet him at the train station.From Qianmen Railway Station to Shijin Garden, hundreds of cars lined up in a long queue, which can be described as very popular.Zhang Xueliang arranged a residence for Wu Peifu and provided considerable living expenses of 4,000 yuan per month.However, Wu Peifu didn't appreciate it. He visited Zhang Xueliang that night, and as soon as he sat down, he lost his temper and asked Zhang why he didn't resist the Shenyang Incident?What is the use of preserving strength?Zhang Xueliang talked about him from left to right.Wu Peifu sighed: "If you don't report the country's hatred, if you don't report your personal hatred, you are really useless! Forget about your country's hatred and family hatred, you are really disloyal and unfilial." For fame and fortune, I will take back the three eastern provinces with my left hand and hand over my right hand to you. It is a joke that you will not take revenge!" Wu Peifu is famous for his self-promotion.No matter when he is proud or frustrated, he is always reserved and conceited, self-admired, and what best reflects his character is his "four nos". When Wu Peifu lived in seclusion in Beijing, his life was difficult, but he was not aggrieved by the embarrassment. He wrote a couplet and hung it in the living room to show his heart.Its couplet is: When you are proud, you are innocent, don't take concubines, don't accumulate money, drink wine and compose poems, just like a scholar; After the failure, he was stubborn to the end, did not go abroad, did not go out of the concession, filled the garden and embraced the urn, and he was really disarmed and returned to the field. In this long couplet, Wu Peifu clearly stated the "four nos", namely: no concubines, no accumulation of money, no overseas travel, and no concessions. Regarding the "four nos", Wu Peifu felt a little guilty about "not taking concubines".It turned out that Wu Peifu and his original wife, Mrs. Li, had a close relationship, but Mrs. Li never had children.According to the concept at the time, "There are three kinds of unfilial piety, and having no offspring is the greatest." Therefore, under the arrangement of his mother, Mrs. Wu, Wu Peifu married Zhang as his concubine again, but he always felt guilty about this matter.Later, Mrs. Li died young, and Mrs. Zhang was still childless, but Wu never thought of taking a concubine again.Therefore, it can be said that Wu Peifu basically insisted on the "no" of "not taking concubines". Among the "four don'ts", Wu Peifu implemented the "no accumulation of money" throughout his life. It is a warlord who must collect money, and Wu Peifu is no exception.In order to feed the huge army, he cleverly set up a name, increased contributions and taxes, and searched at will.The militaristic and autocratic rule of the Zhili warlords brought serious disasters to the people.However, Wu Peifu's accumulation of wealth is to accumulate wealth, but he did not fill his own pockets, and truly achieved "no accumulation of money". In 1938, Wu Peifu once talked to his secretary Yang Yunshi: "In the past, the family had a few acres of Susukida, but now the central government subsidizes 3,000 yuan, so it can get by; these days, it is a blessing to get by." Wu Peifu did the "not going abroad" in the "four nos".At that time, warlords fought continuously. Today you kill them; tomorrow I will fight them.The winner captures the city and land and makes a fortune; the loser goes abroad to avoid the edge temporarily, hoping to make a comeback.Therefore, it is a common practice of warlords to go abroad after defeat in war.Under such circumstances, it is not easy for Wu Peifu to insist on "not going abroad". Among the "four no's", Wu Peifu implemented the most resolutely "not going out of the concession".Wu Peifu prides himself on Yun Chang and Wu Mu, and he values ​​national integrity the most.He hated the imperialist invasion of China, no matter how severe the situation was, he was unwilling to rely on foreigners and insisted on "not leaving the concession."In the second Zhifeng war, the Zhili warlords were defeated like a mountain.Wu Peifu was cornered by the defected Feng Yuxiang, so he had to retreat to Tianjin and was trapped in the new railway station.His subordinates persuaded him to escape into the concession as an expedient measure.吴佩孚不肯违背自己的誓言，断然拒绝：“堂堂军官，托庇外人，有伤国体，焉可为之？” 1939年年底，吴佩孚牙槽感染发炎，危及生命，家里人请德国医生，经诊断，认为必须住院手术，并让其家人赶快送往东交民巷德国医院。而吴素有“不入租界”的誓言，德国医生只好叹息而去。他周围的人无不为此着急。当吴妻准备劝他去德国医院时，吴佩孚却先开口说：“你我夫妻一场，我的心意你不能说不了解，倘若你趁我昏迷不醒之际，把我送到东交民巷，那我们就不是夫妻了！” 吴佩孚自比关羽、岳飞，对贪官污吏向来痛恨，虽农家出身，但一生不置产、不贪污、不索贿、不受贿，廉洁自律、衣食俭朴，难能可贵。吴佩孚一生饮食起居简单，吃面食、米饭，每餐只喝少许山东黄酒和绍兴酒。1924年，从英国留学归国的钱昌照，曾记述与吴佩孚初次见面的情景：吴穿着布衣布鞋，白薯屑落了一身，招呼钱一起吃烤白薯，还大谈自己的做人哲学。1927年5月的一天，吴佩孚率卫队逃往四川经河南邓县构林关，受到当地头面人物的热情款待。面对满桌酒肉，吴佩孚却说：“免了吧！战火连绵，百姓不得温饱，我们还要这么多菜干什么？”只留下四个小菜，其余全叫人撤下。本来，吴佩孚定于第二天清早开拔，可地方士绅纷纷前来求字求诗，他大发雅兴，欣然应允，即席撰写了多首诗。谁也没有想到，弄文舞墨竟救了吴佩孚一命。当天上午，他的先头部队就中了河南悍匪索金娃的埋伏，连秘书长张煌言也被乱枪击毙，他却因大发雅兴推迟出发而得以幸免。1932年10月离开成都后，定居于北京什锦花园，主要靠张学良资助维持生计。后因“西安事变”张学良被囚，吴佩孚靠伪京津卫戍司令齐燮元接济，挂个有名无实的“顾问”，每月领“车马费”数千元，算解了吴佩孚的窘困。齐燮元原是他部下，吴佩孚接受这一照顾，可算做“袍泽之谊”，但无丝毫卖国之嫌。 吴佩孚当权后，前来跑官要官买官的亲朋好友络绎不绝。一次他亲下手谕：天、孚、道、云、龙五世永不叙用。这5个字都是蓬莱吴姓一系，一道手谕将自家亲戚攀附之路全堵死。吴佩孚有个老同学在别处多次当官，几次贪赃枉法被免职了，便到吴佩孚处求官。那天，吴佩孚不在，便写了个条子要求到河南当个县令。吴佩孚回家见到条子，提笔批道：“豫民何辜？”意思是河南老百姓有什么罪过？要你来害他们？吴佩孚手下有个老同事无能，吴给他安排了一个有职无权的闲差，整天无所事事。此人无聊之余想过过有职有权的瘾，便毛遂自荐，写下军令状，要求吴给他10万大军，保证平定南方革命党人，“然后释甲归田，以种树自娱”。吴佩孚知道这家伙是纸上谈兵式的蠢货，怎能赋予大任！就在军令状上批道“先去种树”，羞得那小子再不吭声。 不过也有“例外”。吴佩孚当兵时干的是勤务，一天送公文被巡警营一幕僚郭绪栋赏识，郭慧眼识才便拉关系走后门，推荐吴到保定武备学堂做了士官生，吴自此有了事业的起点。吴佩孚饱读四书五经，深明知恩图报。飞黄腾达后，念念不忘知遇之恩。在洛阳大帅府，除接待曹锟使者外，所有中外宾客吴佩孚一律不亲自迎送，唯独对郭礼遇有加，始终不渝。郭有烟瘾，吴有禁令，但特下手谕：“只许郭公过瘾，不准僚属破戒。”郭偶尔害病，吴衣不解带亲自服侍。后来，郭想衣锦还乡，吴保举郭做山东盐运使，嫌官小，郭闹了脾气，说：“难道我就不能当一任省长吗？”于是，吴又保荐郭做省长。郭继续“开价”：“我不做省长则已，要做就在山东本省露脸，这才光宗耀祖。”当吴大费周折为其谋到山东省长之位时，郭已沉疴不起，不久即撒手离世。吴死后，吴佩孚亲撰挽联：公而忘私，国而忘家，弃下老母孤儿，有我完全负责任；义则为师，情则为友，嗣后军谋邦政，无君谁与共商量。其为人可见一斑。