Chapter 111 Pure Confucianism

In modern Chinese literary circles, only Chen Yinke can be called "pure Confucianism".All his life, Mr. Chen only knew about academics, he didn’t want to be an official, he didn’t care about politics, and he didn’t participate in party disputes; Taking Chinese studies as the focus of his research, he studied Western studies only to better study Chinese studies; Mr. Chen devoted his whole life to preaching and teaching, but he was blind and lame, and still insisted on attending classes and conducting research. Chen Yinke's wife, Tang Yuan, was the granddaughter of Tang Jingsong, the last governor of Taiwan in the Qing Dynasty.The Qing court ceded Taiwan to Japan, and the Taiwanese people, out of grief and indignation, planned to establish the Republic of Taiwan, planning to make Tang Jingsong the president. Among the people involved in this matter were members of Chen Yinke's clan.The matter was unsuccessful.

In the Academy of Chinese Studies of Tsinghua University, Wang Guowei was the most able to talk with Chen Yinke and was cited as a confidant. Yu Dawei, who was a classmate of Chen Yinke for seven years, once recalled in his later years: "In middle and old age, treat him (Chen Yinke) ) slightly modified his concept in his early years. The main reason was the influence of two great scholars. One is Mr. Gao Benhan, a master of Swedish Sinology. Gao’s interpretation of ancient Chinese characters and the usage of borrowed characters had a great influence on him. The second is Mr. Wang Guowei of Haining. Wang’s influence on Mr. Yinke complemented each other. He was influenced by Wang for Yin Ruins characters; Wang was also influenced by him for Sanskrit and Western Regions characters. Living in the West Campus of Tsinghua University, Chen Yinke often went to Wang's residence to discuss old sayings, and wept at each other when he was sad and emotional. "Weep for a few lines" refers to this friendship. When Wang Guowei's body was encoffined, the teachers and students of Tsinghua University went to pay respects to Wang's body and bowed three times. Chen Yinke was different. He was dressed in a robe and jacket, knelt on the ground and kowtowed three times. "

When the Wang Guowei Monument was completed in Tsinghua Garden, Chen Yinke wrote an inscription that will shine for thousands of years and be immortal for him with his great feelings and great wishes of compassion and compassion, with clear philosophy and profound thoughts: "Scholar's reading and scholarship, the general will be able to get rid of it." The mind is bound by the shackles of conventional truth, and the truth can be carried forward.Give thought to freedom, or to death.The essence of martyrdom in ancient and modern sanctuaries, how can I dare to hope for mediocrity.The husband sees his independent and free will through death, not about the grievances of one person, the rise and fall of a family name.Alas!The tree is here and the stone is in the lecture house, and it is mourning and never forgetting.It shows the strange festivals of philosophers, and tells the vastness of real slaughter.Those who do not know the afterlife, Mr.'s writings, or sometimes not chapters.Mr.'s theory may sometimes be discussed.But this independent spirit, free thought, has been sacrificed for thousands of years, and it will last as long as the world, with three lights and eternal light.

Chen Yinke abided by the teachings of Confucius and Mencius. When he was in the National Academy, his students went to Shanghai to visit his father, Mr. Sanyuan. The old man talked with a group of students, and they all sat down. Chen Yinke stood aside and persisted until the conversation was over. Ji Xianlin recalled: Sometimes, on the boulevard in the school, among the bustling student stream, sometimes I would see Master Chen going to class, dressed in a robe, plain and unpretentious, with a cloth bag under his elbow, which was full of lectures. Books and materials used in time.People who don't know him probably think that he is the owner of a certain bookstore in Liulichang who came to Tsinghua University to deliver books. They will never know that he is a famous university student at home and abroad.He was very different from most of the professors in suits and leather shoes who came back from studying abroad at Tsinghua University.

Chen Yinke has been studying abroad for 16 years, and he still has the same local accent and dress as before, which is quite different from the suits and leather shoes of most returned overseas students such as Luo Jialun and others.Chen Yinke always wears long gowns and cloth shoes in summer and autumn, and cotton robes and mandarin jackets in winter and spring.Counting nine cold winters, he wrapped a five-foot scarf around his neck, wore a thick velvet hat, and tied a cloth belt at the bottom of his trousers. From the appearance alone, it is hard to think that this person is a master who has learned both Chinese and Western cultures.

Shi Quan's "China's Political Situation Before and After the Sino-Japanese War of Sino-Japanese War" was opened under the guidance of his tutor Chen Yinke. This is the only time that Chen Yinke guided students to write a dissertation on modern Chinese history, and he was able to enlighten Shi Quan on many details.But at the same time, Chen said to Shi Quan: "I can guide you. In fact, I am familiar with the history of the late Qing Dynasty, but I can't do research in this area. If you do it seriously, you will inevitably be emotional. In this way, you will not look at the problem objectively." gone."

For ancient poetry, Chen Yinke admired Tao Du the most. Although he was good at Li Bai and Li Yishan's poems, he didn't think they were top grade.In addition to the poets of the Song Dynasty, he often mentioned Gong Zizhen, Zhu Zumou and Wang Guowei for the poets of the Qing Dynasty. On the eve of liberation, Chen Yinke went to Guangzhou and rejected Fu Sinian, director of the Institute of History and Linguistics of the Academia Sinica of the Kuomintang, who asked him to go to Taiwan and Hong Kong to teach at Lingnan University in Guangzhou.Faculty adjustment, Lingnan University merged with Sun Yat-sen University.Then he moved to teach at Sun Yat-sen University.

When Chen Yinke, who was blind in his later years, wrote "Liu Rushi's Biography", he mentioned that when he was living in Nanchang when he was young, he occasionally went to bookstores with his father Sanli at night, and bought the preface of Qian Muzhai (Qianyi). Yin Ke was so fascinated by the collection of Wumei Village that he never forgot it after years of reading.Later, Chen's interest in literature increased greatly, and he devoted himself to the study of the relationship between Qian Qianyi and Liu Rushi, which has a lot to do with the scene of the teenager's encounter.

Chen Yinke wrote "Liu Rushi's Biography" in his later years, regarded Liu as a confidant for thousands of years, and especially loved Liu's "Jinming Pavilion Poems for the Cold Willow", so he named the study "Jinming Pavilion" and "Hanliu Hall". Chen Yinke was ridiculed by many scholars for writing "Liu Rushi's Biography" in his later years.Chen said to Wu Mi: "Studying Hong Zhuang's life experience and writings, Gai Ji has discovered the real situation of Yi Xia's defense and moral integrity at that time. Gai has a deep memory, and it is by no means a leisurely act."

In the 1950s, Chen Yinke said to his student Wang Jian: "You have to bring my opinions to the Academy of Sciences. You have to take the inscription to Guo Moruo. Guo Moruo once saw my Wang Guowei in Japan. Poetry. I don’t know if the stele is still there. If it’s not done well, it can be destroyed. It may be better to ask Guo Moruo to do it. Guo Moruo is an expert on oracle bone inscriptions, one of the “four halls”, and maybe he understands Wang Guowei’s theory better .Then I will be Han Yu, and Guo Moruo will be Duan Wenchang. If someone writes poetry again, it would be good for him to be Li Shangyin. My inscription has already been spread, and it will not be lost.”

In 1953, Guo Moruo, President of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, invited Chen Yinke to be the second director of the Institute of History of Philosophy and Social Sciences of the Academy of Sciences.In his "Reply to the Academy of Sciences" on December 1, 1953, he put forward two conditions for becoming the director.Article 1: "Allow the Institute of Middle Ancient History not to adhere to Marxism-Leninism, and not to study politics." Article 2: "Please Mao Gong or Liu Gong to give a certificate of permission as a shield." And said: "The meaning Yes, Mao Gong is the highest political authority, and Liu Gong is the highest person in charge of the party. I think the highest authority should also have the same opinion as me, and should follow my words. Otherwise, there will be no academic research.” Therefore, he could not take office. .Still teaching at Sun Yat-sen University.