Chapter 14 2. Liu Wendian

Soon after Chiang Kai-shek came to power, he visited Anhui.Before arriving in Anqing, he had gone to Hefei, Guichi and other places, and he was warmly welcomed wherever he went.Before Jiang arrived in Anqing, he expressed his intention to inspect Anhui University and give a speech, but the principal Liu Wendian flatly refused, saying: "A university is not a government office!" But Chiang Kai-shek still visited Anhui University as planned, but when he entered the campus , it was deserted everywhere, there was no expected grand scene of "welcome like a ceremony", and even few students came across.Liu Wendian didn't even show his face, but sent a few people to receive him.Chiang Kai-shek was extremely unhappy, but even so, he still insisted on finishing his inspection of Anda.

It is said that before Chiang Kai-shek visited Anda, the provincial government notified Liu Wendian to arrange students to welcome Chairman Jiang, the "famous general of the Northern Expedition".Liu Wendian was playing mahjong at the time. After reading the notification, he threw it into the spittoon and continued his game, saying, "I have so many 'jong' in my hand, how can I care about his 'jang'?" In 1928, there was a student riot at Anhui University, and Chiang Kai-shek summoned Liu Wendian for questioning.When they met, Liu called Jiang "Sir" instead of "Chairman", and Jiang was very dissatisfied.Jiang asked Liu to hand over the list of Communist Party members who caused trouble during the student unrest, and severely punished the students who went on strike.Liu said: "I don't know who the Communist Party is. You are the commander-in-chief, so you should lead your soldiers well. I am the president of the university, and I will take care of the school's affairs." Scolding, Jiang scolded Liu "you are a schoolboy", Liu scolded Jiang "you are a new warlord".Chiang Kai-shek became furious, slapped Liu Wendian twice on the spot, charged him with "lax academics", and put him in prison.It is also said that after Chiang Kai-shek slapped him, Liu Wendian kicked Chiang Kai-shek in the stomach, not to be outdone.

Before Liu Wendian met Chiang Kai-shek, he threatened: "I, Liu Shuya, am not a peddler. Even high-ranking officials should not call me and wave away! I learned from Zhang Taiyan, Liu Shipei, and Chen Duxiu. I joined the League in my early years. I used to be the secretary of Sun Yat-sen. Yuan Shikai, meritorious service to the revolution. Chiang Kai-shek is a warrior! What can I do!" There are several versions of this debate: Liu Zhaoji recorded in "Mr. Liu Wendian's Anecdotes of Mr. Liu Wendian's Anecdotes": "Because of grievances, when Liu Wendian saw Jiang, he wore a top hat and a long gown, swaggered, and followed his attendants to Chiang Kai-shek's office. Seeing Chiang Kai-shek with an angry face, I am not sorry. He didn’t give up his seat, and blurted out: “Are you Liu Wendian? This is like adding fuel to the fire for Liu Wendian. He also blurted out: “The name is Shuya, Wendian is only called by parents and elders, not just anyone.” This angered Chiang Kai-shek even more. Chiang slapped the table and shouted: "Shameless literati! You incited the Communists to make trouble, what should you do?" Die with righteousness! Do not live by luck!' Bow to touch Jiang, but was blocked by guards. Chiang Kai-shek shouted again: "Crazy! Crazy! Push down!""

On December 3, 1928, "Shenbao" published the article "Chairman Jiang Severely Rebukes An Dasheng for Troubling Girls' Middle School", which described the conflict between Liu and Jiang as follows: After everyone sat down, Chiang Kai-shek first asked Cheng Mian: "The girls' middle school was destroyed, what do you want?" Cheng Mian replied: "I just want to ensure the safety of the school so that students can go to school with peace of mind, and don't care about the rest." Chiang Kai-shek turned to Liu Wendian and asked Liu Wendian: "How do you plan to deal with the student who caused the accident?" Liu Wendian ignored it and replied coldly: "The content of this matter is complicated, and there is still a shady scene. Before the matter is investigated, I cannot severely punish the student who caused the accident. student."

Seeing Liu Wendian's attitude, Chiang Kai-shek stood up angrily, slapped the table, and flew into a rage: "The teaching is not strict, the teacher is lazy, the students destroy the girls' school at night, and disrupt the order of the Northern Expedition, it is you, a new student!" If you are rampant, I will not dismiss you and investigate, I am sorry for the spirit of the Prime Minister!" Liu Wendian was also unequivocal, stood up "swish", and faced him directly, his tone was still unhurried and unhurried: "Speaking of the Prime Minister, when he and I made a revolution in Tokyo, we didn't know your name yet. .Although young students are in their prime, it does not mean that they are rational and mature. Don’t use small topics to make a big fuss. If I am a new student, then you must be a new warlord!"

Shi Huilu, Secretary of the Steering Committee of the Anhui Provincial Party Headquarters of the Kuomintang at the time, recorded: In a fit of rage, Chiang Kai-shek scolded the representatives of Anniversary students, sat down after scolding, stopped for a while, stood up and began to scold again, and after scolding the students, he turned around and blamed the principals of the two schools.Cheng Mian, the principal of the female teacher's school, is the son of Cheng Xiaosu, a senior in the Anhui education circle. He sat there listening to the reprimand without saying a word.Jiang turned to Liu Shuya, the principal of Anda University, to criticize him, saying that he was ineffective in disciplining the students.There was a conflict between Shu Ya and Jiang's dialogue, and everyone present was shocked by it.Jiang pointed at Liu and scolded angrily: "Look at you, you look like a local tyrant and evil gentry!" Liu also yelled back: "Look at you, you are like a new warlord!" Jiang immediately became furious, and shouted loudly: "Look at me!" Can I shoot you!" At this time Liu stood up and stomped his feet: "You dare not! Why!" Jiang shouted: "Come on, detain him!" Immediately, two guards rushed in and dragged Liu down.

Another version comes from Gao Boyu's "Liu Wendian and Chiang Kai-shek": "Mr. Liu entered the room without taking off his hat, sat down proudly, and did not salute the chairman. Lao Jiang was very upset when he saw him, and saw him open the cigarette case. He took out a cigarette, lit a match, and smoked it violently. He was reprimanded for being a teacher and the president of a national university. He was so rude. Outraged, he immediately ordered to detain and investigate. After the news came out, the education circle was in an uproar." However, according to Liu Wendian's own account, Chiang Kai-shek did not beat him. He said: "Except for being beaten by an old monk in my life, no one dared to beat me. Although Chiang Kai-shek put me in a cell, he did not dare to do anything." Hit me."

After Liu Wendian was detained, students in Anqing staged a demonstration, shouting "protect human rights" and demanding Liu Wendian's release.After hearing that Liu Wendian was imprisoned by Jiang, Mrs. Liu Zhang Qiuhua rushed to Anqing and denounced the government for being stupid: "Shu Ya wants to come to Anhui. I object and don't want him to come. Education in Anhui is not run by scholars, but by politicians. So now It’s a loss.” One month later, under the rescue of Cai Yuanpei, Hu Shi, Jiang Menglin and others, and through the mediation of Chen Lifu, Chiang Kai-shek released Liu Wendian, but asked him to “leave Anhui immediately.”

On December 5, 1928, Liu Wendian was released.It is said that when someone opened the door of Houlexuan where Liu Wendian was detained and implored Liu Wendian to go downstairs, Liu refused to come out desperately: "I, Liu Wendian, will be closed and released when I say it! If you want to please I'm going out, please return my innocence first!" The visitor couldn't laugh or cry, so he had to persuade Liu Wendian with good words, and then Liu Wendian gave up. Zhang Taiyan, Liu Wendian's teacher, heard about this incident, and made a special couplet to present to him during his illness. He compared Liu to "Ni Heng" who dared to confront the powerful, and praised his disciple's integrity. I really recommend You Zhengping."

Liu Wendian later told Feng Youlan that when he was imprisoned by Chiang Kai-shek, he was already mentally prepared to kill himself and become a benevolent person. "If I were You Zhengping, it would be a pity that Anqing would not have Yingwu Island. If I would be Xie Kangle, it would be a pity that I would not have a good beard." On December 11, 1931, Lu Xun published the article "Knowledge is Difficult and Action is Difficult" in the first issue of "Cross Street" under the pseudonym of Pei Wei, saying: "Professor Liu Wendian, the president of Anhui University, has been locked up for many days because he does not call him 'Chairman'." It was very difficult to post bail and go out." Lu Xun did not forget to satirize Hu Shi in his article: "Of course the old fellow, the old colleague, the doctor knows, so 'I call him Chairman!'"

In fact, Hu Shi spared no effort in rescuing his good friend Liu Wendian. Afterwards, he also wrote an article criticizing the dictatorship of the Kuomintang, saying: "Another example is a president of Anhui University who was detained for many days because he contradicted Chairman Jiang verbally. His family and friends You can only run around begging for mercy, and you must never go to any court to sue Chairman Jiang. You can only beg for mercy but not sue, this is the rule of man, not the rule of law.” After Liu Wendian was released, he left Anhui University because Jiang ordered him to "leave Anhui immediately".Liu Wendian accepted the invitation of the Anhui provincial government to come back to run a school. He originally wanted to revive education in Anhui. For this reason, he felt extremely sad: "When I came back this time, I dug a big hole on my grandfather's grave to harm my children. It’s not a pity to ruin your reputation, and I have missed all the public affairs.” When he left Anda, he specially left a letter to warn the teachers and students of the school, “Stay safe in learning and work hard in teaching affairs”.