Home Categories Biographical memories Talking about Great Literati in the Republic of China: Those Masters of Thought
Yang Cuixi, a famous actress of Tianjin Bangzi, was the first woman to walk into Li Shutong's heart.When Li Shutong was young, he liked to go to tea gardens to watch plays.At that time, the actresses of Hebei Bangzi opera had not been emerging for a long time, and some actresses who were born halfway lacked training in vocalization, enunciation, and accent. Li Shutong took the initiative to guide them.Yang Cuixi is one of them. Li Shutong fell in love with Yang Cuixi very much, and went to cheer for Yang every night, and even took her home with a lantern after the show.In his spare time, Li Shutong explained the historical background of opera to Yang Cuixi, and guided her in singing posture and singing style.For Yang Cuixi, Li is her best friend who is both a teacher and a friend.But because of the strong opposition of Li's mother and second brother, the love between the two finally died.After Li Shutong arrived in Shanghai, he sent Yang Cuixi two pieces of "Bodhisattva Man":

The flowers on Yanzhi Mountain are like snow, and the people on the bottom of Yanzhi Mountain are like moon;
The evening wind is powerless to hang down the tender young, and the eyes forget the gossamer green; at the bottom of the moon when the wine wakes up, Du Yu in the south of the Yangtze River cries.
Yang Cuixi's fate is embarrassing.In the last years of Guangxu, Duan Zhigui bought Yang Cuixi and dedicated it to Zai Zhenbeizi, the son of Prince Qing, in order to curry favor with the powerful.Censor Zhao Qilin joined forces with Cen Chunxuan to impeach Zaizhen, which led to an official scandal that caused an uproar in the court and the public.

After the case happened, Yang Cuixi was secretly sent back to Tianjin and became a concubine in the family of salt merchant Wang Yisun.Wang Yisun built 3 other rooms for Yang Cuixi in the front yard of his house, and brought a private theater to let him enjoy singing in the theater.But in order to prevent the world from talking, he did not allow Yang to step out of the house.Yang was like sitting in prison every day. Because of his depressed mood, a generation of famous actresses left the world early when they were less than 30 years old.The whereabouts of the second son left behind are unknown.

At the age of eighteen, Li Shutong married Mrs. Yu at the discretion of his mother.In the information about Li Shutong, there is no record of Yu's real name, only the nickname Rong'er, the daughter of a tea merchant in Tianjin.She is an old-fashioned woman who takes care of her husband and children, and manages her family with self-denial, but she has never been able to win the love of her husband. Uncle Li and Xiao Long, whose Yu family was two years older than him, and Xiao Hu, Li's nanny, Mama Wang, said that the two were "fighting between dragons and tigers" and they would never get along all their lives.Unfortunately, as Mother Wang said, after marriage, Li and Yu respect each other as guests, but they are not considered to be harmonious, and they will gather less and leave more in the future, in name only.Soon after the marriage, Mrs. Yu gave birth to a son named Hulu, but unfortunately died young.

The time that Mrs Yu and Uncle Li spent together was a few years before they moved to Shanghai after their marriage and before Li went to study in Japan.After his mother passed away, Li Shutong helped Ling to go north. After finishing his mother's funeral, he settled his wife and children in his hometown in Tianjin and went to Japan to study alone. After returning from Japan, Li Shutong lived in Tianjin for more than a year.According to the recollection of his son Li Duan, in his impression, his father did not spend the Spring Festival at home.At that time, Li Shutong settled his Japanese wife in Shanghai, and he may have spent the Spring Festival in Shanghai.

After Li Shutong left Tianjin in 1912, he never returned to Tianjin.Since then, Yu and her two sons have been living in their hometown in Tianjin. Li Shutong’s ordination had a great impact on Mrs. Yu. Li Duan recalled that after Li Shutong became a monk, Mrs. Yu went to an embroidery school to learn embroidery in order to pass the lonely days. Later, she found a few female companions at home to teach them how to embroider. It didn't take long to leave work. After news of Li Shutong's renunciation reached Tianjin, Li Shutong's second brother thought that the Yu family should go to Hangzhou to persuade Li Shutong to return to vulgarity.Mrs. Yu knew Li Shutong's personality, so she didn't go there at that time.But they didn't understand his becoming a monk, and Li Shutong said to his family: "You just think that I have 'huliela' and die."

Yu died of illness in 1926 at the age of forty-five.In the end, she didn't wait for the moment when she could reunite with Uncle Li. After Hongyi became a monk, he never returned to Tianjin. In 1922, he wrote to his nephew Li Shengzhang, saying that he might be able to reunite with his family in the future when he would be successful in Taoism.When his wife Yu passed away, he had thought of going back to his hometown to visit his relatives, but he never made it. In 1927, the 60th birthday of the second elder brother Li Wenxi, I wrote a letter to invite Hongyi to return to Tianjin and remit one hundred yuan as a contribution.Hong Yi took his disciples to go back, but after arriving in Shanghai, he did not go north again.

During Li Shutong's stay in Shanghai, he lived a life of love and sensuality. In the autumn of 1901, after he entered Nanyang Public School, he felt that he should get rid of this kind of life. In the autumn of 1902, Li Shutong wrote to Xu Huanyuan, saying: "...Brother Xiaolou (Zhang Xiaolou) is very proud in Nanjing. He should be selected for Japanese teaching in Sanjiang Normal School. He has a lot of money. This autumn he will also take the Nanwei Township Examination. Wen Er The scene is very good, and it should be able to climb the Weike. Brother ×× is no longer in the dialect hall. He is chasing flowers all day long, and he will never return. The future outcome is just for him to worry about. Here, I only praise Xing An! I can't say enough. "

Li Shutong had a relationship with Shanghai famous prostitute Li Pingxiang. In 1904, Li Shutong wrote a preface to the biography "Li Pingxiang" written by Shuo Loushilang (Zhang Shizhao). Li Pingxiang's original name was Huang Biyi, and she wrote excellent poems. Her living room was named "Tianyun Pavilion", and several collections of her poems and essays were published under the name of her living room.Li Pingxiang was intelligent since she was a child, and she began to compose poems at the age of eight. It is said that after a local celebrity came across her poems by chance, she praised her poems: "This kind of police beauty should be met by ancient people. As for modern people, it has been a century ago No such handwriting!"

According to the book "Li Pingxiang": In 1897, when Li Pingxiang was 18 years old, she went to Shanghai to watch the Jockey Club with her mother and three half-brothers.The mother and son played around for a few days, and all of a sudden they ran out of money.At that time, there happened to be a guest surnamed Pan living next door to them. He was in his thirties and looked ugly. He claimed to be from Jiashan County, which is a neighboring county to Li's hometown, Jiaxing.In the name of his hometown, he enthusiastically expressed his willingness to support Li's mother and son, and let them continue to play in Shanghai, and all expenses will be paid by him.A few days passed, and the money was almost spent, so Pan proposed to marry Li Pingxiang as his wife.Helpless, Li Pingxiang had no choice but to honor her mother's life and live with Pan.

Panmou is a rascal and has a wife and children at home.When his original wife saw that he had married a new lover, he was not allowed to enter the house.So Pan had no choice but to bring Li Pingxiang to Suzhou.In order to make a living, Pan asked Li to work as a prostitute, and Li Pingxiang fell into prostitution.Soon, Pan brought Li Pingxiang to Shanghai.Because of Li Pingxiang's outstanding talent, she was soon awarded the title of "Poetry Prostitute" by literati and became a famous flower in Shanghai. In the summer of 1901, Li Shutong met Li Pingxiang while avoiding misfortune in Shanghai. The two fell in love at first sight. After entering Nanyang Public School to study, Li Shutong and Li Pingxiang interacted more frequently.Except for class, he spends almost all his free time with Li Pingxiang. After his mother died of illness, Li Shutong decided to go to Japan to study.He also wrote four poems "Hebuyuan Layman Rhyme, and Pingxiang as a gift", saying goodbye to Li Pingxiang, and Li Pingxiang wrote a poem in return. After Li Shutong escaped into Buddhism, he donated all his stored books, calligraphy and painting works, and seals. Among them, the poems and paintings donated by famous courtesans Zhu Huibai and Li Pingxiang to his friend Xia Mianzun. In 1906, Li Shutong met his Japanese wife in Tokyo. This was the most secret relationship in Li Shutong's life. About this woman, the relevant information is not well recorded. Li Shutong hardly mentioned this woman to his friends, and Li's friends also Very few people have seen her. According to records, the girl's name includes Ye Zi, Chengzi, Xuezi, and Fuji, and Fuji is adopted here.The two first met because Li Shutong, who was studying Western painting, needed a female model for nude painting. In November 1906, Li Shutong, who was practicing painting, accidentally saw Fu Ji, the landlord’s daughter who brought him meals (there are various versions of Fu Ji’s identity. Some say she is a student of an art school, and some say she came from a foreign country. to Tokyo to make a living), in an instant, Li Shutong found the best model candidate he had been looking for for a long time.Li asked Fuji to be his nude model, and Fuji agreed.Fuji became Li Shutong's full-time model, and Li Shutong would ask her to comment on each painting when it was finished.After a period of cooperation, the two secretly fell in love and crossed the boundaries between painters and models. We don't know if the two are married. In March 1911, Li Shutong returned to China with Fuji.Probably to avoid conflicts, Li Shutong settled her in Shanghai. He first worked as a drawing teacher in Tianjin Zhili Model Industrial School, and then taught in Zhejiang Provincial First Normal School.When he was in Tianjin, Li Shutong went back to Shanghai to reunite with Fuji when the holidays came; when he was teaching in Hangzhou, he usually went back to Shanghai every weekend and returned to Hangzhou on Sunday afternoon. Li Hongliang recorded Li Shutong's apartment on Hailun Road: "It is a house with one up and one down. In addition to the bookshelves next to the wall, there is also a square two-story bookshelf that can be rotated. It is placed at the right corner of the entrance. There is a round pot on it. Three Friends of Pine, Bamboo and Plum, half a pot of soil is sunken and paved with some fine-grained white stones..." On the fifteenth day of the first lunar month in 1918, Li Shutong converted to Buddhism at Hupao Temple in Hangzhou. His 12-year relationship with Fuji came to an end. After becoming a monk, Li Shutong asked his friend Yang Baimin to tell Fuji about his conversion to Buddhism, and asked Yang to send her back to Japan. According to Feng Yiyin, Fuji went to Hangzhou to meet Hongyi.After she learned that Li Shutong became a monk (it is also said that she went to China to meet Hongyi again a few years after returning to Japan), she approached Yang Baimin and asked to see Li Shutong, so Yang had to take her to Hangzhou.After Master Hongyi learned about it, he couldn't avoid it, so he agreed to meet by the West Lake.Fuji begged Hongyi not to abandon her and escape into Buddhism, but Hongyi made up his mind to go, and gave her a watch as a souvenir, and said: "You have the skills (Fuji studied medicine), and you will not be unemployed when you go back to Japan. "After the meeting, Hongyi hired Xiaozhou to go back to the temple. Fuji and Li Shutong have no children.According to Li Shutong's entrustment, Yang Baimin sent him back to Japan, and since then there has been no news of Fuji. Huang Yanpei recorded that Li Shutong's wife went to Shanghai and asked Mrs. Yang Baimin and Huang Yanpei to accompany her to Hangzhou to find Li Shutong.The three female relatives found it after visiting many temples in Hangzhou.The four went to a vegetarian restaurant near the lake in front of Yuemiao for dinner.During the meal, the three of them asked a question, and Uncle Li answered the same question. After the meal was over, Li never took the initiative to say a word, nor did he look up at the female relatives.After the meal, Li said goodbye and went back to the mountain. He hired a small boat, and the three of them sent it to the side of the boat. Shutong boarded the boat alone, and the boat sailed. Shutong never looked back. until the people and the boat were buried in the depths of the lake clouds, and nothing was seen, but Shutong still ignored him in the end. Mrs. Shutong returned home crying." Huang Yanpei's record is said to be Mrs. Yu. At that time, Mrs. Yu felt that she would die soon and decided to go to Hangzhou to persuade her husband to return to vulgarity.It was also said that it was a Japanese wife. Feng Zikai's daughter Feng Yiyin once recorded that after returning to Japan, the Japanese wife went back to China to find Yang Baimin and asked to see Li Shutong.
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