Chapter 17 Chapter Sixteen Chibi Fu
Now Su Dongpo is living a happy life.Although Huangzhou is a barren town, the rich leisure, scenery, poet's sensitive imagination, moonlight and fine wine are mixed into a powerful charm, making Dongpo's life very poetic.The farmland is reclaimed, he has no worries about food and clothing, and begins to enjoy the fun of every day.He has a group of friends who are as free as he is, empty-pocketed but extremely leisurely.There is a eccentric Li Yan, if Su Dongpo hadn't recorded his ability to sleep, no one in future generations would know him.After lunch, my friends were playing chess, and Li Yan lay on the chair and fell asleep.Every few games, he woke up and said: "I slept for a round. How many games have you played?" Su Dongpo said in the article that Li Yan played a four-legged chessboard (bed) and a sunspot (sleeping fairy) by himself. game. "When you catch it, you win or lose, but when you catch it, there is nothing."
This is the life of fantasy, and Su Dongpo said that this poem by Ouyang Xiu best describes it:
Su Dongpo lived in both the snow hall of the farm and the Lingao Pavilion in the city, running back and forth every day.Less than a third of a mile turned into the most celebrated dirt road in history.Walking through the small shops in the city, you will come to Huangniban, leading to the rolling foothills.Except for the green trees and green bamboos, everything seems to be yellow.He built the Yellow House in Xuzhou.Now I live in Huangzhou, and go to the east slope of Huanggang through Huangniban every day.He took off the clothes of a scholar and put on the clothes of an ordinary farmer, and most people did not know him.He walks this way every day.During the time between farming, he often goes back to the city to get drunk, lies on the grass to sleep, and waits for kind farmers to wake him up in the evening.One day he got drunk.So I wrote a Rhapsody for the Vagrants, called "Huang Ni Ban Ci", the second half of which is as follows:
However, some interesting rumors about his night outings with drinking buddies spread throughout the local area and the capital. Thanks to his love of the moon and wine, this kind of life enabled Su Dongpo to write the best prose and poems. " wrote about a rather extraordinary night outing:
Some contemporary people say that the Spring Cottage is just outside the city wall. From this article, it can be seen that Su Dongpo drank bootleg wine, killed the farmer's buffalo, and climbed over the city wall in the middle of the night drunk. "Could it be that a pure minister can't be trusted as a human being?"
Another night outing frightened the prefect.He drank in a small boat on the river.The night sky was beautiful at night, and he was inspired:
Rumors arose the next day that Dongpo went to the riverside to write this farewell poem, and then escaped by boat.When the rumor reached the prefect, he was terrified, because it was his duty to keep Su Tungpo from leaving Huangzhou.He immediately went out to look for it, and found that Dongpo was still sleeping, snoring like thunder. Finally, the rumor spread to the capital, and even the emperor heard it.
A more serious rumor arose the following year.Su Dongpo had rheumatism in his arms.Later, his right eye was also affected. He stayed behind closed doors for several months without anyone seeing him.At this time, Zeng Gong, the master of prose, died elsewhere. Legend has it that Su Dongpo was recalled to heaven on the same day as him.When the emperor heard the legend, he asked a senior official who was related to Dongpo to question him. The senior official said that he had heard it too, but he didn't know the truth.The emperor was eating lunch and couldn't eat a bite.He sighed and said "it's hard" before leaving the table.Fan Zhen also heard the rumors, cried bitterly, and asked his family to send the funeral to Su's house.On second thought, he decided to send a friend to Huangzhou to have a look.Only then did he realize that the rumors were not true. It turned out that Su Dongpo had closed the door for several months and no one saw him.Su Dongpo wrote back to Fan Zhen and said: "The praise and praise you have gained in your life are all like this."
The liberated life transformed his mind, which was reflected in his works.Gone are the bitter sarcasms, the razor-sharp prose, all passion and anger, and in their place is a brilliant, warm, kind, forgiving sense of humor, absolutely mellow and fully grown-up.The value of philosophy is to teach people to laugh at themselves.As far as I know, only orangutans can laugh, but I believe only humans can laugh at themselves.I don't know if this can be called the smile of a god.The Greek gods, full of human errors and imperfections, must have often had occasion to laugh at themselves; but the Christian Gods or angels are too perfect to do so.It would be a great flattery to call this self-deprecating trait the unique virtue of fallen man.
This mature sense of humor is best expressed in the small notes Su Dongpo wrote when he was at ease.He began to write many incoherent notes in his notebooks, which contained no moral instruction and were of little use, but it was one of his most popular works.There is an article about his poverty status and a person who often followed him: "Ma Mengde was born at the same age as the servant, and the servant was eight days younger. There are no rich and noble people in the year-old life, but the servant and Mengde are the poorest. That is to say, when the two of us look at it, we should push Mengde to be the leader."
There is a story about two beggars:
In any case, happiness is a secret.But by studying Su Dongpo's works, it is not difficult to discover the mystery of his happiness.
This generous genius gave far more than he took from the world, captured poetic moments here and there, made them eternal, and enriched us all.The vagabond life he was now living could hardly be seen as a punishment or an internment.He enjoyed this kind of life and wrote four masterpieces: a short poem "The Great River Goes East", two articles about visiting "Chibi" on a moonlit night, and "Chengtian Night Tour".No wonder the enemy wanted to hate him and sent him to prison.The two articles about travel on a moonlit night are written in the style of "Fu".Su Tungpo writes entirely on tone and atmosphere.These two articles have been passed down through the ages, because in just a few hundred words, they express the insignificance of human beings in the universe, and at the same time, they also show that human beings can enjoy the endless feast of nature in this life. Rhyming, using only flexible language, he creates a universal mood, no matter how many times the reader reads, it still has a hypnotic effect.Here it shows the insignificance of human beings in the vast universe, and the effect is comparable to the landscape paintings in American paintings.We see only a few details of the landscape, hidden in the blank water sky, two small figures are boating on the river shining on a moonlit night.From then on, the reader is lost in that atmosphere.
Su Dongpo and Yang Shichang, a Taoist from Sichuan, took a night tour by holding candles.It was midsummer night in July.The breeze is coming slowly, and the water waves are calm.Dongpo drank and sang with his friends.Soon the moon came out, hovering between the Big Dipper and the Aliens.White mist shrouded the river, and the light of the water and the mist of the moonlit night merged into one.They floated across the vast white river in a small boat, as if they were sailing in the air, without knowing their destination.They began to sing, beating time on the side of the boat:
His friend is good at playing the flute, and Su Dongpo hums along with him.The tune is very special, like complaining like admiration, like weeping like complaining, and the lingering sound is lingering.The widow in the other boat was so moved that she wept, even the fish in the water were moved.
Su Dongpo was very sad, and asked his friend why this piece was so sad.A friend said: "Don't you remember the history under Chibi?" The Battle of Chibi took place here a thousand years ago, which determined the fate of the Three Kingdoms.Can't Su Zi imagine the magnificent scene of Cao Cao's warships descending from Jiangling like a forest?Cao Cao is also a poet.Don't Su Zi remember his poem "The moon and stars are thin, and the black magpies fly south"? "Where are you safe now? My son and I are in a flat boat with a leaf, holding a bottle of water as a bond. Sending mayflies to the world, like a drop in the vast ocean. I mourn the moment of my life, and envy the infinity of the Yangtze River. Travel with flying immortals, hug The moon is long and the end is long. What is not known is suddenly obtained, and the legacy is resounding in the sad wind."
Su Dongpo began to comfort his friend: "The guest also knows that the water and the moon are the same. The dead are like this, but they have not gone. The full and empty are like that, and the death does not change. Gai will observe it from its change, and then the world will It was impossible to take a moment. If you look at it from the unchanging, things and I are endless. And why are you envious? Besides, between heaven and earth, everything has its own owner. If it is not my property, even if it is a bit, I will not take it. But the breeze on the river, and the bright moon in the mountains, the ear hears it and turns it into sound, the eye meets it and turns it into color, it is inexhaustible to take from it, it is inexhaustible to use, and it is the creator's endless storage. And my son and I share the same. "
Hearing this, his friend smiled.They washed the cups and dishes again and had a big meal.After eating, I don't clean up the cups and plates, but just fall asleep, not knowing that the dawn has appeared in the east.
Three months later, Su Dongpo wrote "Ode to the Later Chibi" in October. It was still full moon, and Su Dongpo and two friends came out of the snow hall to go to Lingao Pavilion.On the way through Huangniban.The ground was covered with hoarfrost and the branches were bare. When they saw the figure on the ground and looked up at the bright moon, they were fascinated by the night and began to sing in turn.The friend spoke up: "There are guests but no wine, there is wine but no food, the moon is white and the wind is clear, what is such a good night?" "Today, at dusk, I caught fish with a net, with a huge mouth and thin scales, like a perch in Songjiang. Does Gu An get wine?" Su Dongpo decided to go home and ask his wife to bring some wine and vegetables. His wife said that there was Doujiu at home, which had been hidden for a long time.So everyone took fish and wine and took a boat to the red cliff.The water level has dropped, and the stones on the river are exposed one by one, and the red cliff stands high on the bank.The scenery changed so much that Su Dongpo could hardly recognize it.He enthusiastically asked his friends to accompany him to climb the red cliff, but his friends refused, so he climbed alone, lifted up his clothes, carefully walked around the bushes and thorns, and finally climbed to the top of the cliff, where two crows made their nests.He stood on the top of the rock and shouted into the night sky, echoing through the valley.Suddenly he felt ecstatic, and he didn't know where he was. A wave of sadness came over him, and he felt that he couldn't stay for too long.Then he returned to the boat and let the boat drift with the wind.
Just in the middle of the night, looking around lonely.Two solitary cranes flew from the east, their white feathers were like the white clothes of immortals.The bird suddenly sang and flew westward from the top of the boat. Su Dongpo didn't know what the omen was, and soon they went home. He went to bed and had a dream.I dreamed of two Taoist priests wearing feather robes.Recognizing it was him, he asked him how his trip to Chibi was. Dongpo asked their names, but they refused to say.Dongpo conjectured: "Woohoo, I know it. In the past night, the one who flew past me was not Zizi?" The Taoist smiled, and Dongpo woke up.He opened the door to look, and there was nothing but an empty street in front of him.
Judging from this article, Su Dongpo’s method of establishing atmosphere is to propose another world—the dreamland of Taoist immortals (the white crane is a traditional symbol), so that readers can’t understand what realm Su Dongpo is describing.According to the Chinese belief, this life is only our temporary existence on earth. We may have been immortals in the previous life, and we will become immortals again in the next life, but we don’t know it.
Around this time Su Tungpo wrote another short note on his wanderings on a moonlit night.It describes that he couldn't sleep one night, so he got up and walked to Chengtian Temple near Lingao Pavilion to enjoy the moon.This article has been classified as a classic, appreciated for its casual charm:
This article is extremely short, but it is the most sensitive record of the momentary beauty.If we believe in Su Tungpo's theory of natural style, that a person's style of writing is only the natural expression of the soul, we can see that he must have that state of mind before he can write perfect, peaceful, simple and self-sufficient works.We shall see in the next chapter how he cultivated poise and calm of mind.
The autumn of Renxu.Looking forward to July.Su Zi and his guest went boating under the Red Cliff.The breeze is coming.The water waves are not happy.The wine belongs to the guest.Recite the poem of the bright moon.Song Slender Chapter.less Yan.The moon rises above Dongshan.Wandering among bullfights.Bailu Hengjiang.Water and light meet the sky.Just like a reed.Ling Wanqing was at a loss.Haohao seems to rely on emptiness to control the wind.And don't know where to stop.Fluttering like a legacy of independence.Become a fairy and become a fairy.So drinking is very happy.Buckle up and sing.The song said.Osmanthus and blue oars.Hit the sky and trace the streamer.Miao Miao Xi to bosom.I hope that the beauty will come to the sky.There are hole flute players among the guests.And according to the song.Its sound was whining.Such as resentment and admiration.Like weeping like complaining.Xu Yin curled up.hanging by a thread.The latent flood dragon dancing in the secluded gully.The weeping woman of the lonely boat.Su Zi was dumbfounded.Sit upright and ask the guest.Why is it so.The guest said, the moon and stars are rare.Birds and magpies fly south.This is not Cao Mengde's poem.Looking west at Xiakou.Looking east to Wuchang.The mountains and rivers are like Miao.Depressed.This is not because Meng De was trapped by Zhou Lang.Fang Qi broke Jingzhou.Go down to Gangneung.Downstream and east also.Thousands of miles away.Banners cover the sky.The wine is near the river.Heng Leng wrote poems.He is also the hero of the whole life.Now I am safe.Kuang Wu and Zi Yuqiao are on Jiangzhu.Friends fish and shrimps but friends elk.Driving a boat with a leaf.Give Pao Zun to belong to each other.Send mayflies to heaven and earth.A drop in the ocean.I mourn for the moment of my life.I envy the infinity of the Yangtze River.Take Feixian to travel.Embrace the bright moon and die forever.You can't know it suddenly.The legacy resounds in the sad wind.Su Zi said.The guest also knows that the husband is water and the moon.The dead are like this.But never before.Those who are full and empty are like him.And death does not change.Gai will see it from the person who changes it.Then the heaven and the earth could not be separated for a moment.Look at it from what doesn't change.Then things and I are both endless.And how envious.Between heaven and earth.Everyone has his own way.Gou is not my property.Although nothing is taken.Only the breeze on the river.And the bright moon between the mountains.Listen to it and hear it.It becomes colorful when you meet it.There is no limit.Inexhaustible.It is the endless treasure of the Creator.And I and my son are in common.The guest smiled happily.It's more discretion to wash the cup.The core of the food is exhausted.The cups and plates were messed up.The phase and the pillow are in the boat.I don't know the whiteness of the East.
It is the hope of October.Step from the snow hall.It will belong to Lingao.The two guests passed by the Yellow Clay Slope.Frost and dew have fallen.The leaves are all off.The figure is on the ground.Look up to the bright moon.Take pleasure in it.Answer each other with songs.I sighed and said.There are guests but no wine, and there are wine but no food.The moon is white and the wind is clear.What a good night.The guest said.Today is dusk.Lift the net to catch the fish.Huge mouth and thin scales.It looks like a perch in Songjiang.Gu An got drunk.Go back and seek your wives.The woman said.I have a bucket of wine.It has been hidden for a long time.To wait for the child from time to time.So bring wine and fish.Revisit under the Red Cliff.The river flows with sound.A thousand feet off the shore.The mountains are high and the moon is small.The truth came out.The geometry of the sun and the moon.But Jiangshan can never be recognizable.Yu Nai took the clothes and went up.Lu Yan.Draped.Squatting tigers and leopards.Dengqiulong.Climbing the perilous nest of the falcon.Overlooking Feng Yi's secluded palace.Gai Erke couldn't follow suit.Suddenly shouted.The vegetation shakes.Shan Ming Gu should.The wind is blowing and the water is surging.Yu is also quietly sad.Awe-inspiring.It's almost impossible to stay.Instead board the boat.Put it in the middle.Let it stop and stop.It was almost midnight.Look around lonely.There is a lone crane.Hengjiang came east.The wings are like wheels.Xuanshang onyx clothes.There was a long cry.Plunder the boat and go west.As soon as the guest left, Yu also fell asleep, dreaming of two Taoist priests.The feathers are fluttering.Pass under Lingao.Yi Yu said.The amusement of Chibi.Ask for his name.Don't answer.Alas.Hee hee.I know it.Night of the past.Those who fly past me.Fei Zi also yeah.The Taoist Gu smiled.I was also shocked.Open an account as it is.out of sight.
