Chapter 38 anecdote

Thirty or forty miles away from Anqing City, there is a small hill called "Duxiu Mountain" in the northwest of Yueshan Mountain. According to Chen Songnian, Chen Duxiu's son, this is the origin of Chen Duxiu's name "Duxiu". In 1914, Chen Duxiu wrote a preface to Zhang Shizhao's "The Tale of Two Rods", writing: "To the ominous people, I will describe this ominous book and dedicate it to the ominous society. I can cry bitterly about the ominous pain of the people in the book." The author and the society suffer from the ominous pain, and those who don’t get to cry freely. Woohoo!” This article was published in Jiayin, signed “Duxiushanren”, which caused an uproar among the students studying in Japan.This is the first time Chen Duxiu has published an article under the name "Duxiu".Since then, the name of "Duxiu" has become famous all over the world.

Among Chen Duxiu's father's generation, his father Chen Yanzhong and his uncle Chen Yanshu successively passed the examination of scholar, and Chen Yanshu also passed the examination of Juren; in Chen Duxiu's generation, his eldest brother Chen Qingyuan and Chen Duxiu successively passed the examination of scholar at a young age.The neighbors said that the ancestral tomb of the Chen family had good geomantic omen. Even the Zhenfeng Pagoda in Yingjiang Temple outside Anqing City was said to be a pen in front of the ancestral grave of the Chen family. In July 1887, Chen Duxiu, his eldest brother Chen Qingyuan, Chen Qingyuan's classmates, Chen Qingyuan's husband, and several brothers of his husband went to Nanjing to participate in the provincial examination.After arriving in Nanjing, these scholars left the unspoken Chen Qingyuan, the elderly and respectable Mr. Chen Qingyuan, and the young Chen Duxiu to take care of their luggage, and the rest of them went to rent apartments separately.The apartment was found, but when it was time to move in, the house seeker shouted that he had been cheated.Originally, when they were looking at the house, they rented it for the beauties of the landlord's house who were sitting at the window and doing needlework, but when they actually moved here, those beauties had long since disappeared.It turned out that they fell into the "beauty trap" that landlords used to recruit candidates.

Chen Duxiu found that scholars often harassed the young women in the landlord's home, and stole the salted fish and bacon that the landlord hung in the kitchen or under the eaves.When they are shopping in the store, they secretly hide the store's things in their sleeves. Even if the store sees them, they dare not say anything, because there are so many of them.They opened their mouths and said: "We came to the country to take the examination according to the imperial decree of the emperor. If you insult us as thieves, you are insulting the emperor!" Stepping forward to help, but the real purpose is to take advantage of the chaos to rob.The law does not blame the public, and the officials are helpless, so the merchants can only swallow their anger and calm down.However, this group of "literate and martial arts" scholars were extraordinarily gentle when they visited prostitutes in Diaoyu Alley. In order to make the prostitutes lower their prices, they did not hesitate to condescend, claiming to be poor, and making pitiful appearances.

There is no toilet in the apartment, and the scholars took the open space on both sides of the road outside the gate as a place to defecate.Even the old master who walked with Chen Duxiu, who talked about Confucius and Mencius, but kept about Cheng Zhu, relieved his hands every day by the side of the road. Sometimes women passed by on the road, but he just pretended not to see them.The few "scholars" who lived in the same apartment often visited the door after reading loudly stereotyped articles on etiquette, integrity, shame, righteousness, and self-cultivation. They found young women coming from a distance. Go to the pants and squat down to relieve your hands, as if eager to offer a treasure.But Chen Duxiu often went out to relieve himself after dark, and sometimes came back after stepping on a foot of shit, and they laughed and called him "fake prudence".

In September of that year, Chen Duxiu carried the test basket, books, stationery, food, cooking boiler and tarpaulin on his back, and squeezed into the messy test room with all his strength.There are 3 exams and 9 days. When taking the exam, the candidates sit in the numbered door under the high wall to make the test papers. During the interval, they cook their own fire and sleep in the exam shed at night.Chen Duxiu didn't know how to cook, so he had to eat half-cooked or overcooked or stewed dried noodles for 9 days. When Chen Duxiu was teaching at Wuhu Middle School, a student was learning to compose poems. There was a line in the poem: "Screw shit and piss to relieve your little hands, close the door and cover the house." After he laughed, he made a cross X on the poem and wrote " The four characters are "smelly feces and urine", and two sentences are written "I advise you not to dream of a poet, open the cold window and let the shit fly".

After Su Xuelin graduated from the First Women's Teacher of Anqing Province in 1917, she stayed in the primary school attached to the school to teach.In order to improve the level of Chinese, the young teachers of the attached primary school spontaneously organized a Chinese language training class, and invited Mr. Chen Shendeng, a Chinese language teacher from the female teacher, to teach.Chen is a traditional literati who is keen to protect the quintessence of the country. Once he said angrily in class: "Now there is a magazine named "New Youth", which was edited by Chen Duxiu from your hometown Huaining (county). Confucius and Mencius oppose Gangchang, spread heresies, and confuse people's hearts, which is really a worry for the morals of the world and human relations. If he is allowed to preach, it will surely bring disaster to China!" Speaking of the excitement, Mr. Chen's face turned from green to white, his beard trembled, and his voice was hoarse. He couldn't catch his breath and fainted on the podium.The young female teacher was so frightened that she was at a loss, she hurriedly helped her up, and squeezed tightly to rescue her.Su Xuelin always respected Mr. Chen the most, so he hated what his teacher hated, and inexplicably "hatred and hated" Chen Duxiu who advocated "heresy".After class, everyone discussed that they should jointly write a letter to Chen Duxiu to protest his fallacies; students from Huaining also advocated holding a hometown association and expelling Chen Duxiu from his hometown.Su Xuelin believed that neither of these two methods was a good solution. It was best to find Chen Duxiu in Beijing with a pistol and tell him to eat a bullet, all problems would be solved.After hearing this, everyone applauded and proposed to organize an anti-rape group, and draw lots to select the heroes who assassinated Chen Duxiu and the martyrs who defended Chinese culture.

Both Jiang Menglin and Chen Duxiu were selected by former Qing scholars, and they cherish each other.There are only two types of scholars in the late Qing Dynasty. One is the scholar who took the stereotype test, known as "the eight-legged scholar";Generally speaking, "eight-legged scholars" are authentic and more valuable.Once, Chen asked Jiang: "What kind of talent are you?" He bowed and said: "I'm sorry, I'm sorry. You are an old man of the ancestors. It is true that you, a stereotyped scholar, are worth more than me, a policy scholar." In Jiang Menglin's eyes, Chen Duxiu "is straightforward and treats his friends very well", and he admires Chen very much.He recalled: "The two of us have a similar habit. When we sit down at a banquet, we always like to eat cold dishes or the first and second courses as much as possible. When the good dishes come, we have already eaten them." I'm full. So everyone joked and called us two quick-tempered, 'sick and sympathetic'."

In 1918, Hu Shi, Chen Duxiu, Li Dazhao and others founded "Weekly Review", which was dedicated to publishing political opinions and criticizing current affairs.In the first draft, in order not to attract the attention of the police department, some innocuous articles were published. Even Gao Yihan said after reading it that they were all pedantic discussions. Lu Xun once received a letter from Liu Bannong from Paris, complaining that Chen Duxiu did not write to him and that he could not see "New Youth".Before that, Lu Xun heard that Chen Duxiu had intercepted food brought to Liu Bannong by others in Shanghai and ate it himself.

After Chen Duxiu flipped through Jiang Guangchi's revolutionary novel "The Young Drifter", he said, "Even though it is a hot day, my capillaries will still stand on end." When Wang Yuan punctuated the classical books, he felt that there were some obscene parts in the old novels, which would not be good for young students to read, but he didn't know what to do.Hu Shi advocated abridgement, using an ellipsis to indicate that there is an abridgement.Chen Duxiu said, it's better to delete it, as long as the top and bottom are connected, it won't hurt the general.If the ellipsis is used to indicate the deletion, it means that there is no silver three hundred taels here.Finally, according to Chen Duxiu's opinion.

On June 3, 1925, "Hot Blood Daily" was launched.The day before, Qu Qiubai gave Zheng Chaolin the "Letter for Publication" written by Chen Duxiu, saying: "Tomorrow, after the newspaper is published, friends of the old man (Chen Duxiu) will definitely see that this "Lee for Publication" was written by the old man." Zheng Chaolin Ask: "How can they see that it was written by the old man?" Qu Qiubai explained: "The words used by the old man are somewhat different from what we are used to now." For example, "class struggle", Chen Duxiu likes to write "class struggle".Sure enough, Zheng Chaolin found that there was a sentence like "the struggle for national freedom is a universal and long-term struggle".

Huang Wenrong, Chen Duxiu's secretary, recalled that Chen Duxiu's first impression on him was that he was serious and not approachable.He was of medium height, tall and well-shaven, with bright tawny eyes.He lived a simple life with a tidy interior, fond of smoking cigars and pacing up and down the house.He has a particularly strong memory, and no one can move the things he puts. He knows when he moves, and asks who has been there and who has moved. After 1927, Chen Duxiu devoted himself to studying the phoneticization of Chinese characters and phonology.At that time, someone went to his home, and after a few pleasantries, he asked questions related to phonology. When he met a Hubei native, he asked how to pronounce these words in Hubei dialect, and when he met a Cantonese native, he asked how to pronounce those words in Cantonese dialect. .Some people think that he is like Cao Shen in "Hanshu" (someone goes to see Cao Shen and has some suggestions, but Cao is always intoxicated with wine to block the mouth of the suggester), deliberately avoiding political issues with philological research , and to cover up his differences with the central government on the party's line and policy issues. In 1932, Chen Duxiu's plea in court and Zhang Shizhao's defense were selected as teaching materials for the law departments by Shanghai Hujiang University and Suzhou Soochow University.Because these two schools are church schools, they are not afraid of the suppression of the Kuomintang. Chen Duxiu told Pu Qingquan the names of the thirteen representatives who participated in the First National Congress of the Communist Party of China. Pu was very surprised when he heard this, and asked: "Both Zhou Fohai and Chen Gongbo became high-ranking officials in the Kuomintang, and later became traitors. Could it be that they were both Are you a communist?” Chen replied, “It’s absolutely true, and it’s not surprising at all. People cannot stop rebellion, just like women want to marry.” When Wang Mengzou talked about Hu Shi and Chen Duxiu, he said: "They all have real kung fu. When Shi Zhi wrote, he had to find a lot of books and arrange them first before writing. Zhong Weng was different. He only needed paper and pen, and he didn't look up or read books. , just write it down.”