Chapter 87 modern police

China's first police force was established in Changsha, the capital of Hunan province, during the "Hundred Days of Reform" in 1898.Although the Changsha Security Bureau was disbanded by counter-reform forces after the Hundred Days Reform, a modern police force re-emerged with imperialist support during the Boxer Rebellion and the foreign occupation of Beijing.After the Qing court fled to Xi'an, the Eight-Power Allied Forces established the "Anmin Gongsuo" to engage in police work, road construction and other municipal tasks.The senior officials of the public office are all served by foreign military police, while the regular patrols are performed by Chinese. After the coalition forces withdrew in September 1901, the Anmin Gongsuo was replaced by the "Aftermath Assistance Patrol Battalion", which was the core of the "Public Patrol Headquarters" in 1902, and soon became a model for other police forces in North China.

Yuan Shikai (Governor of Zhili, 1901-1907) was the main patron of a European-style police force in North China, replacing the traditional yamen arresting squads with the European and Japanese police models of the occupying Beijing.Starting from Baoding, the provincial capital, Yuan arranged 500 scattered soldiers under the Police Headquarters.After Tianjin was retaken from the Eight-Power Allied Forces in September 1902, Yuan made the city his police headquarters, both to reassure the populace with this new strength and to provide a way for the provincial government, which still had its own Local forces of local armed forces and village regiments.

The newly established police in Tianjin are called "Patrol Police". "Xun" means to inspect or patrol, and "Jing" of course means to warn.Etymologically, the word "patrol" is somewhere between the traditional "patrol" and the modern "police". The word "police" first came from the Japanese who went to Europe in 1872 to study the Western police system. They submitted proposals for the establishment of police agencies in Japan during the Meiji period, and these proposals later became laws and regulations between 1874 and 1875.Between about 1915 and 1925, the term "police" began to be commonly used in China.