Chapter 41 CC pie

The Organization faction, also known as the CC faction, was led by the Chen brothers Chen Guofu and Chen Lifu, both of whom had enjoyed very close ties with Chiang Kai-shek long before the KMT came to power.These two are the nephews of Chen Qimei, the leader of the Jiangsu-Zhejiang faction of the Chinese Revolutionary Party.When Chiang Kai-shek first met Chen Qimei in Japan in 1906, he was studying police law in Japan, and since then he has become a role model for Chiang himself to grow up. In 1907, when Chiang Kai-shek was studying heavy weapons at the Zhenwu Military Training School in Tokyo, Chen Qimei introduced him to join the Tongmenghui; during the Revolution of 1911, Chiang served as a regiment leader under Chen, and later served as the military leader of Shanghai. He was attacking Hangzhou He once led Chen's "death squad" when he was the governor of Zhejiang in the Yamen.During the Second Revolution in 1913, Chiang continued to be considered a loyal follower of Chen Qimei, and remained loyal to Chen until Chen was assassinated by Yuan Shikai's secret agents in 1916.Thereafter, Chiang Kai-shek continued to maintain close relations with other followers and relatives of his former teacher, including these two nephews of Wu Xing from Zhejiang, not far from Chiang's hometown. During his political exile in 1920, Chiang was actively involved in Chen Guofu's financial activities in the "Shanghai Stock Exchange", which Dai Jitao and Zhang Jingjiang had helped to establish on the orders of Sun Yat-sen to raise funds for the Chinese Revolutionary Party.Four years later, Jiang was appointed principal of the Whampoa Military Academy, and Chen Guofu served as a short-term instructor, and then he became a party recruiter, recruiting new students for the military academy in the Zhejiang-Jiangsu-Anhui region.

At the same time, Chen Guofu's younger brother Lifu returned to China after studying in Pennsylvania for two years.There he earned a degree in coal mining engineering from the University of Pittsburgh and worked in an underground coal mine in Scranton. In 1926, Chen Lifu declined the opportunity to work in a coal mine in Shandong and became Chiang Kai-shek's confidential secretary in English and his cipher chief during the Northern Expedition.The two brothers soon became the main force in the process of anti-communist organizations supporting Chiang.By November, they assisted in the founding of the Zhejiang Society within the Revolutionary Comrades' Association in Guangzhou.The following month, Chen Guofu went to Nanchang in an attempt to retake the Jiangxi Revolutionary Party Branch from the Communist Party, and linked up with the "Anti-Bolshevik Alliance" (AB Group) led by Duan Xipeng and Cheng Tianfang.Some of these people later became the core members of the CC faction.The faction was formally established in June 1927 and became the Zhejiang Society of the Revolutionary Comrades Association, the Xishan Conference faction, the Sun Wenism Society, the AB Group, and the "Stick" faction (so named because its members loved to use sticks to intimidate the Communist Party against Lipai) Great Union. The secret of the CC faction becoming so powerful within the Kuomintang lies in the ten-year control of the Organization Department by the two brothers.The ministry is responsible for establishing and reviewing all provincial and municipal party organizations and dispatching mid-level and senior personnel cadres to party branches in the government, military, trade unions, and youth organizations.Chen Guofu became the Minister of the Ministry in 1926 and served for six years.His younger brother, Chen Lifu, was in charge of the ministry's investigative system, which kept a centralized record of the political leanings of registered party members, and directed the purge campaign of 1928-1929.

Then, in 1932, Chen Lifu succeeded his older brother as organization minister, and over the next four years expanded his activities into the fields of intelligence, investigation, and security, becoming a thorn in the side of the Communist Party.As a result, the Chen family formed an absolutely powerful force in the Party Central Committee. In 1931, 15% of the 72 members of the Central Executive Committee (Central Executive Committee) belonged to the CC faction; among the 180 members of the Central Executive Committee elected in 1935, 50 were members of the Chen family; At its peak, the CC faction had tens of thousands of members, most of whom were middle and low-level party cadres.

Judging from all their achievements in the party and government, in the words of one historian, the CC faction expected to find or create a group of "social staging points to spread their plans and make them acceptable to the whole people."The fascist movement organized by secret societies seems to have provided the CC factions with the means of communication they sought.From this point of view, both the British and the Japanese compare the CC faction with the fascist Blue Shirts.According to a senior intelligence officer of the Shanghai Municipal Police Special Branch: It is said that launching a fascist movement in China was the ambition of General Chiang Kai-shek as soon as he recently returned to politics.This ambition became increasingly apparent when General Chen Lifu, his closest collaborator, organized a secret political group called "Xixiyuan," headed by his older brother, General Chen Guofu.This group changed its name after its establishment and became the "Blue Clothes Group" of the Chinese Kuomintang.But realizing that it was not appropriate to have any specific group within a party or to start a sectarian movement, the group changed its name again, taking the name "The Blue Shirts".It was also decided that this association should have different groups within its own organization.

The Japanese secret service actually referred to the CC faction as the "CC regiment", and considered it to be an anti-Japanese propaganda force of the Chiang Kai-shek government, and also an organization that was equivalent to the Blue Shirts in the civil affairs circle. The mission of this group is to organize patriotic intellectual circles in China to awaken the masses and promote the development of the race, while working to revive the national movement for the prosperity of the motherland.The organization opposes anti-Chiang military groups and all social or academic organizations with anti-KMT overtones.It also aims to counteract foreign influence.The ultimate goal of this group's activities is to achieve the fruits of the second revolution in China.

The Japanese also believe that the CC Group has always been loyal to the principles of the Three People's Principles, and regard the Blue Shirts Society as an "authoritarian organization following the principles of fascism." This distinction seems plausible, especially in light of the CC regiment's efforts to exert its influence in academic circles and youth groups across the country.Its instrument of infiltration was the Kuomintang Loyal Comrades Association, usually led by Chiang Kai-shek, who sent "Central Officers" to most provinces and major cities with the secret mission of establishing local branches and outlying organizations among the educated youth.The names of all the branch organizations ended in "she", and in some cases, especially in Shanghai, where Wu Xingya was sent, there were groups of different nature who apparently used other names.On the other hand, in Beiping and Hebei, there is only one "Chengshe" established by Zhang Lisheng (both a member of the Organization Department of the Central Committee and a special commissioner of the Party Affairs Bureau of the Central Executive Yuan in the Hebei Provincial Government) to assist the peripheral organizations of the CC. The "Chengshe" holds a meeting every second Saturday in the auditorium of the Hebei Provincial Party Headquarters. The 20 to 30 representatives who attend the meeting are themselves the leaders of groups of five to ten people, and they are also the backbone organized in universities and colleges.

In the city of Beiping, apart from Zhang Lisheng, the key organizer was Hu Menghua, who was ordered to select male students with excellent character and academic performance from the university to interview for the position of reporter. In April 1933, Hu received a sum of money to start a quarterly magazine promoting pro-Chiang propaganda.He founded "People's Review" in May, published articles opposing Ji Hongchang's organization of the Anti-Japanese Allied Army in Zhangjiakou and Feng Yuxiang's anti-Japanese, and exposed the relationship between Wang Jingwei and Zhang Xueliang's Northeast government.The students who came for interviews also passed a rigorous examination, and those who were selected became "basic elements" who had to absorb their classmates or acquaintances into Chengshe.In the winter of 1933-1934, the CC faction recruited more than 70 student cadres in Peiping, most of whom were from the Law School of Peking University and Peace University.

The attempt by the CC faction to include ordinary students in its circle coincided with the Whampoa-manipulated effort to bring members of the Fuxingshe into the camp supporting Chiang Kai-shek against Wang Jingwei and other opponents, although they were separate and independent.The reporters and the public affected by it linked the efforts of the Whampoa faction to secretly recruit the militarized Blue Shirts Club with the so-called "Thirteen Taibao" headed by He Zhonghan. For example, an article published in the "Peking Morning Post" in 1933 said: "Chiang Kai-shek's party will finally concentrate on the plan of how to deal with the threat of Wang Jingwei. The Thirteen Taibao of the Whampoa Military Academy . . . It was decided to form a fascist society, which was later also approved by Chiang Kai-shek."