Chapter 37 Dai Li becomes more and more independent

The establishment of the Secret Service within the Lixingshe-Fuxingshe structure marked a crucial turning point in Dai Li's own career as a spy.While a liaison office was established in the Communications Department of the Central Military Academy in Mingwalang, Dai Li was assigned in late March 1932 to set up a training class for intelligence personnel in the Honggongci special talent in intelligence".According to Qian Guoxun later, this training class generally provided personnel for the Lixing Society rather than Dai Li's institution. In response to the needs of the military community, selected textbooks from China, Japan, Germany, Russia, Britain, and the United States are comprehensively adopted, and instructors and team officials are given strict secret short-term intelligence training.When they graduate, they swear allegiance to the Three People's Principles, leaders, and organizations, sacrifice all personal interests, strictly keep secrets, and fulfill their duties. There are tens of hundreds of people in each period. The four major campaigns provide intelligence and handle extraordinary matters, but they must strictly abide by discipline. They are an amazing soldier who is loyal to the leader and promotes various tasks in the society.

In any case, from May to December 1932, among those trained in the first training course for intelligence personnel, very few people from the Lixingshe appeared at the Honggong Temple.Zheng Jiemin is in charge of education and Li Shizhen is in charge of training, but he rarely comes.Apart from Dai Li and Chiang Kai-shek himself, no other members of the Lixingshe attended the training class during those six months.According to the charter of the Lixingshe, its members cannot intervene in lower-level organizations without direct tasks.This may explain why there is no connection between the members of the Lixingshe and the training unit at the Honggong Temple.But it was obvious that the Secret Service had achieved semi-independence in the Lixingshe-Fuxingshe system at that time.

Because, Chiang Kai-shek had already discovered at that time, it was easier and faster to entrust some tasks to Dai Li than to those enthusiastic and combative Whampoa people who participated in the founding of Lixingshe.By the summer of 1932, rifts had appeared among them.Not only did internal strife appear among the military and political personnel within the "inner layer", but factions also continued to grow among the various regions. This phenomenon later brought fatal harm to the Lixing Society and the Fuxing Society.But it was not so much potential factionalism that annoyed Jiang at this time as a lack of managerial experience and clique fanaticism.At first he was determined to train these arrogant young people into loyal assistants, so in the first six months of 1932, he consulted Lixingshe on various state affairs, no matter how big or small.But on June 5, he wrote in his diary: "Every meeting I had with Lixingshe lasted more than three hours. The naivety of these people made me anxious. How can I cultivate the talents of cadres and get real assistants?" "

Part of the problem was that the members of the Lixingshe took too much of his time and energy.When writing a letter to Chiang Kai-shek, it is usually necessary to be as concise as possible.Long articles should always be summarized, and memorandums should be summarized so that Jiang can understand them at a glance.However, people in Lixingshe ignored Chiang Kai-shek's precious time and often presented Chiang with long-winded documents.Chiang repeatedly advised his new cadres to be concise, but they ignored them, continued to babble, and even boasted to friends about the length of the memos they handed over to the leader.

Another characteristic of this group of disciples that annoyed Chiang Kai-shek was that they often placed their friends in important positions regardless of their abilities. On September 13, 1921, Chiang Kai-shek stated in his diary that he sent the following telegram to Teng Jie and Kang Ze: At that time, the Honggongci intelligence training class had just started for less than four months. Compared with other self-seeking followers in Lixingshe, Chiang Kai-shek regarded Dai Li more highly. Meanwhile, Dai Li took pains to make sure that no one in his Secret Service would confuse loyalty to the Lixingshe with loyalty to him and the leader.Qiu Kaiji, one of the founders of Lixingshe, was appointed to be in charge of the Executive Section of the Secret Service.Apparently Qiu got this position because of the board of directors, so he had to report to them.Dai Li could not tolerate this independence, and tensions between the two men arose. One day in May 1932, Dai Li and Qiu Kaiji met in the office of the Secret Service. During their conversation, a bullet passed through the door and hit Qiu behind the ear.Dai Li immediately reported this "accident" to Chiang Kai-shek, saying that a guard had wiped his gun and fired it in the next room.Qiu Kaiji eventually recovered from the gunshot wound, but after he recovered, he was transferred from No. 53 Ji'e Lane to Hankou, far from the capital.

The secretary knew about the tense relationship between Dai Li and Qiu Kaiji.After this incident happened, He Zhonghan came to see Teng Jie, secretary of Lixingshe, and said that the Secret Service was becoming increasingly independent, which was very dangerous, and he asked for adjustments to this situation.Teng Jie arranged for He Zhonghan to meet Dai Li.He was outspoken with the head of the Secret Service, but Dai Li showed no sign of backing down.When the argument got heated, Dai Li became furious, slapped the table with his hands, and seemed to walk away, which made Teng Jie try to persuade the two parties to compromise.Dai Li finally agreed that the Secret Service would be directly responsible to the leader for the affairs handed over by the leader, but the Secret Service would have to report to Li Xinghui for the affairs decided by the "group".

In any event, the officers and secretaries of the Lixingshe at its headquarters in Mingwalang were kept off the hook for the activities of the Secret Service, which had been under the supervision of Chiang Kai-shek himself.The same is true at the provincial level, where there are "secret stations" whose directors are themselves provincial councils and officers: the Provincial Affairs Committee and its secretaries are also not allowed to investigate the operations of the secret service stations.Therefore, the spy organization within the Fuxing Society is very secretive and self-contained.

But it must be admitted that without the Fuxing Society and the so-called "Blue Shirts Society" that constitutes its members, Dai Li would not be able to accomplish anything.The nominal relationship between the Secret Service and the Fuxingshe, and the establishment of local branches of the Fuxingshe in the provinces in the coming months and years, not only provided Dai Li with cover but also gave him a "satellite" relationship with the directly subordinate Secret Service. "The opportunity to organize the "Loyalty and Salvation Congress" to openly link up.Different from other outlying organizations, the "Loyalty Salvation Council" established in the spring of 1935 was composed of businessmen and workers. According to Confucianism, their social status was lower than that of soldiers and peasants, so it was regarded as a "fourth layer" organization.But its provincial and municipal branches were headed by the Fuxingshe or the Revolutionary Youth Comrades Association's local secret service officer, who reported directly to Dai Li at the Ji'e Lane headquarters. The purpose of "Loyalty to Save the Nation" is to:

Members of the "Loyalty and National Salvation Army" were the foundation of the later "Loyalty and National Salvation Army". They were trained by the Sino-American Cooperation Institute as anti-Japanese guerrillas in World War II to support the United States in fighting in southeastern China. But that was later.At this moment, the establishment of a semi-independent group within the organizational structure of the Lixingshe-Fuxingshe brought Dai Li the most important significance: his secret agency activities now had a relatively stable and fixed source of funding. Henceforth, Dai Li was able to apply directly to Chiang Kai-shek for the annual budget, which Chiang treated separately from the regular budget of the Fuxing Society allocated through the Revolutionary Youth Comrades Association.Payments to the Secret Service were formalized so that Chiang did not have to tap the Special Operations Fund, one of the KMT's informal sources of funding, for this purpose, as he had done in the past.According to legend at the time, the total budget of the Secret Service was ten times that of the normal general affairs budget of the Revolutionary Youth Comrades Association. Due to the considerable amount, some people criticized Chiang's method of allocating funds, saying that they should be used for more meaningful purposes.Chiang quelled these criticisms by confining his covert espionage activities to the Fuxingshe and financing them with donations from the Military Commission, its branches, and military academies.

This income is about 54,000 yuan per month, about a quarter of the Secret Service's monthly expenses of 200,000 yuan.But by 1934, it is said that Dai Li's secret spy activities increased to 1.2 million yuan per month.So Chiang Kai-shek had to use other funds to maintain the operation of the Secret Service.The Japanese investigators' report on the "Blue Shirts Society" stated that the main source of funds came from the confiscation of opium.According to a memorandum from the Shanghai Municipal Police, Chiang Kai-shek's men received a large amount of morphine in Hankou in 1933, and Chiang asked Du Yuesheng, a well-known extortionist, to open a factory in Pudong to process the drug and sell it to the pharmaceutical industry. Proceeds are used to support the Blue Shirts.But in fact, this provided an opportunity for Du Yuesheng to use morphine to refine anesthetics and then sell them on the black market.The morphine Du used was obtained from Zhang Xueming (the son of Zhang Zuolin), the head of the Tianjin Public Security Bureau.But when Chiang Kai-shek learned of Du's illegal business, he obtained funds from other sources, and these funds may be included in the finances of the Secret Service at No. 53 Ji'e Lane.

As will be mentioned below, the Lixingshe and the Fuxingshe were once active in Shanghai and some provinces in North China.But by June 1935, the core members of the Fuxingshe were driven out of North China by the Japanese army.After reaching a united front with the Communist Party in September 1937, the Fuxing Society should be disbanded according to the agreement.In March of the following year, the Kuomintang held a special national meeting in Wuchang. At the meeting, the Blue Shirts Society was officially abolished. Its local cadres and budget, together with those of the Revolutionary Youth Comrades Association, were taken over by the Three People's Principles Youth League (referred to as the Three Youth League) in 1938. )replaced.Although some of its spirit and many of its cadres will survive in the form of the Three Youth League, the old Fuxingshe is completely gone.At the same time, its members' hopes of making the Society a solid base for their own rights died along with it.For example, He Zhonghan apparently regarded his promotion to the general secretary of the Lixing Society in early 1933 as his chance to be lucky as the leader of the Blue Shirts Society in Hunan.Teng Jie once secretly met with He Zhonghan in a public bathhouse in Nanjing, handing over affairs in the club to He, and at the same time hoping to stop He's selfish attempts.But He Zhonghan was unmoved, and his relationship with the "CC" circle of the Central Party Headquarters and the comrades of the Lixingshe deteriorated.Later, Chiang Kai-shek finally got tired of "constant friction and contradictions among leading cadres", and as a result, Lixingshe retreated.Much later, in 1941, He Zhonghan said to one of his friends who called Chiang Kai-shek a "scumbag" after getting drunk at a dog meat feast: How did you know that Mr. Jiang is violent, but not faint at all.You don't see the brilliance of his mastery. What he has always grasped very tightly are the three lifebloods of the army, secret agents and finances.Each of his three lifebloods has a set of his most trusted people to guard him; at the same time, he makes these three forces depend on each other and restrain each other, and only obey his orders.In each of these three aspects, there are three tripartite forces standing side by side, making them check each other.On the military side are Chen Cheng, Tang Enbo, and Hu Zongnan; on the secret service side are Dai Li, Xu Enzeng, and Mao Qingxiang; on the financial side are Kong Xiangxi, Song Ziwen, and the Chen brothers;All these people, except Kong and Song, who were his close relatives, were all from Zhejiang, and Song Ziwen was originally from Zhejiang, so it can be said that they were all his close confidants.But he still has a defense against these people, and he is not prepared, so can this be regarded as fainting!He is absolutely worried about us Hunanese, especially those who know a little about politics. He Zhonghan fell out of favor during the "Xi'an Incident" five years ago. At this time, this drunken friend who was the former head of the Lixing Society was on his way to Chongqing to accept an appointment. He outlined his views to him.He believed that Chiang used "the most pure political deceit" to carry out his plans and plots, and that he was insane was an insult to him.Then, He comforted his comrade again and said, "Obviously, you are still too young to understand some things."