Chapter 34 033. The Three Commanders of the Anti-Japanese War in Shandong——The Three Brothers Ma Yaonan, Ma Xiaoyun, and Ma Tianmin of the Shandong Column

This is a folk song during the Anti-Japanese War.It is spread in villages and towns in Changshan County, Shandong Province. It is known to all women and children, and the old and young sing together. The three commanders sung in the folk song are Ma Yaonan, the leader of the third detachment of the Shandong Column of the Eighth Route Army, Ma Xiaoyun, the deputy commander of the Sixth Army Division of the Bohai Navy Region, and Ma Tianmin, the leader of the detachment of the Second Division of the Shandong People's Anti-Japanese Allied Army.Three people and one mother were born on July 10, 1902, September 4, 1906, and February 16, 1910, respectively, in Beiwangzhuang, the third district of Changshan County, Shandong Province (now Zhoucun District, Zibo City). Relatively wealthy farmers and handicraft families.Ma Yaonan is the eldest brother, Ma Xiaoyun is in the middle, and Ma Tianmin is the younger brother.The three brothers have ambitions and hate imperialist aggression; after the outbreak of the Anti-Japanese War, they rose up and staged a vigorous anti-Japanese live drama on the land of Qilu.

On July 7, 1937, the sound of gunfire at the Marco Polo Bridge shocked the entire Chinese nation.In those days, Yaonan, who was the principal of Changshan Middle School, was worried and hated himself for "having nothing to do with serving the country, but not having the knife to kill thieves in his hand".Suddenly, he thought of his second brother Ma Xiaoyun.After graduating from high school, Xiaoyun helped her uncle with housework at home, and joined the Northeast Army when she was 18. After the "September 18th" Incident, he left the Northeast Army and returned to his hometown, running for the Anti-Japanese War.In the past few years, besides mobilizing the villagers to support the Northeast people's resistance against Japan, the second brother also raised guns and organized a Lianzhuang Association in the village.Thinking of this, Ma Yaonan's heart brightened: the enemy is at present, there is no way out, he must take up arms.

Just at this time, Ma Yaonan's old acquaintance Lin Yishan came to Changshan.Lin Yishan used to be a teacher in the primary school attached to Changshan Middle School and was a member of the Communist Party. After the "July 7th Incident", when the Shandong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China formulated the uprising plan, it decided to establish an uprising site in the east of Shandong. Lin Yishan introduced the situation of Ma Yaonan to the provincial party committee and suggested that the uprising site should be located in Changshan Middle School. The provincial party committee unanimously agreed with Lin Yishan Suggestion, he sent him to Changshan Middle School to meet Ma Yaonan.

The comrades-in-arms reunited, and they were very affectionate.Ma Yaonan and Lin Yishan held talks at length many times, and also discussed in depth the specific ways of armed resistance against Japan.The two are like-minded and very speculative.Lin Yishan suggested that Ma Yaonan establish the Chinese National Liberation Pioneer Team (referred to as "Minist Pioneers") in the school to pull up the anti-Japanese team.After a period of contact, Ma Yaonan knew Lin Yishan's identity, and he readily agreed to establish the "Pioneers" organization.He also joined the "Minist Pioneers" through Lin Yishan's introduction.He also implored his superiors to send someone with experience in armed struggle to come to Changshan for guidance.

Soon, the Shandong Provincial Party Committee sent Yao Zhongming, a member of the Communist Party, Liao Rongbiao, a Red Army cadre from Yan'an, and Zhao Mingxin, who was working in northern Lubei, to Changshan Middle School to establish a party organization.Since then, under the leadership of the party, the preparations for the anti-Japanese uprising centered on Changshan Middle School began rapidly. In December 1937, the Japanese army crossed the Yellow River and invaded southward in two ways, attacking Jinan all the way and approaching Zhoucun all the way. On the 24th, two Japanese planes frantically attacked Changshan City.

The party organization of Changshan Middle School held an emergency meeting and decided to act immediately.The location of the uprising was determined to be Heitieshan, far away from Changshan County.Yao Zhongming, Liao Rongbiao, and Zhao Mingxin took the lead and led more than 60 selected middle school students to set up camp in Taiping Village at the foot of Heitie Mountain.It was agreed that Ma Yaonan would be in charge of liaising with personnel and teams from various places, and then meet at Taipingzhuang. On the same day, Ma Yaonan returned home and told his younger brothers Ma Xiaoyun and Ma Tianmin to disperse the whole family to relatives' homes, and then go to contact the people preparing for the uprising.The next day he went to the Eighth District of Changshan again, found Ma Hansan, Liu Yuanqing, Ma Jinxian and other relatives and friends, and mobilized them to pull a team into the mountain and raise money for the armed uprising.In less than a week, Ma Yaonan took three short guns, seven long guns and a few hundred dollars and rushed to Heitiesan.

On the night of December 27, the sky was full of stars.In the compound of Taipingzhuang School, teams of anti-Japanese troops gathered. Yao Zhongming impassionedly announced the armed uprising, and the troop designation was "Shandong People's Anti-Japanese National Salvation Army Fifth Army". On the majestic Black Iron Mountain, the red flag of the Fifth Army of the Shandong People's Anti-Japanese National Salvation Army stands high and flutters in the wind.Soon, the railway worker team led by Gao Guangyu came from Honggou in Zhangdian; the peasant team led by Zhang Chongling came from Shangzhuang;Ma Xiaoyun led 500 troops, and Ma Tianmin led 5 squadrons, and they also came.Even Zhang Jingnan, Gao Zhuyun and other figures who started their careers with the help of the Kuomintang were forced by the situation to lead their troops into the ranks of the anti-Japanese war.

One day in May 1939, information was sent from the small Zhoujiazhuang stronghold in the east of Zhoucun: all the puppet troops went out to perform missions that night, and there was only one Japanese team stationed in the blockhouse.Ma Xiaoyun immediately decided to pull out this stronghold. The small Zhoujiazhuang stronghold is less than 100 meters away from the Jiaoji Railway, only six or seven miles away from Zhoucun, where the Japanese invaders are entrenched, and there is another Yazhuang stronghold to the east, which is in the enemy's confidant area.Pulling out this stronghold is like pulling out a tooth from a tiger's mouth.But Ma Xiaoyun had a plan in his mind. He personally led some soldiers to Xiao Zhou's Village overnight. According to the situation and route provided by the intelligence agent, he quietly entered the stronghold and wiped out the enemy cleanly.Then burn the stronghold and quickly evacuate with the spoils.

On the second night, Ma Xiaoyun disguised himself as a Japanese officer again, and led 7 soldiers disguised as Japanese soldiers, swaggeringly entered Yazhuang Station, took advantage of the enemy's unpreparedness, and attacked suddenly, annihilating all the Japanese troops stationed at the station. Ma Xiaoyun led the troops to attack frequently along Jiaoji Road, and the enemy's urgent calls for help in various strongholds were sent to the enemy's headquarters: the explosive depot of the Heitshan Iron Mine was stolen; the Hutian Railway Station was attacked; the locomotive collided in Zhangdian Station The Mashang Railway Bridge was destroyed; the train outside Wangcun Station derailed and supplies were robbed; the armored vehicle outside Puji Station was bombed, and the Japanese reinforcements were ambushed...

During this period, Ma Tianmin led a detachment to move around Changshan, Zouping, Huantai, and Zhangqiu. They attacked strongholds, broke railways, eradicated traitors and rebelled against hegemony, mobilized the masses to establish anti-Japanese base areas, and forced the enemy and puppets to withdraw from Zouping and Changshan counties. At the same time, Ma Yaonan fought against the Japanese invaders in the Qinghe Plain and won one after another.Successively in Xiaolijiatao, Aixian Village, and Sijiazhuang, he won consecutive battles, and the devils were dizzy and panicked. In June 1938, the Second Independent Division was reorganized into the Third Detachment of the Shandong People's Anti-Japanese Guerrilla of the Eighth Route Army, with Ma Yaonan as the commander.Soon, the Shandong Column of the Eighth Route Army was established, and the third detachment was renamed the Third Detachment of the Shandong Column of the Eighth Route Army. Ma Yaonan was still the commander, and the provincial party committee appointed Yang Guofu, who had rich experience in armed struggle, as the deputy commander.In October of this year, Ma Yaonan was introduced by Guo Hongtao and Huo Shilian to join the Communist Party of China.

In the early summer of 1939, Ma Yaonan received instructions from the Shandong Provincial Party Committee to carry out work in the Zhang (Qiu) and Qi (East) areas and to establish contact with the Hebei-Shandong border areas, so he led three detachments with Yang Guofu and stationed in the Liujiajingzi area in the northwest of Zouping City. .As soon as the Eighth Route Army was stationed, Japanese Major General Matsumoto gathered 2,500 Japanese and puppet troops from Huimin, Jiuhu, Qingcheng, Qidong, and Weijiaqiao strongholds, and launched an attack from the northwest to the three detachments.Soon after the battle began, Matsumoto transferred 3,500 Japanese and puppet troops from Zhangdian, Zhoucun, and Zouping, and surrounded the three detachments from east to south.There is a huge disparity in the strength of the enemy and ourselves, and the situation is very serious. At noon on June 6, the enemy from the north of the village launched an attack on the Liujiajingzi position, and groups of Japanese soldiers with their shirts off rushed forward with bayonets in their hands.Ma Yaonan commanded the army and civilians to bombard the Japanese army with five-son cannons and local artillery, repelling the enemy's attack three times in a row.Around two o'clock in the afternoon.Under the cover of mountain artillery, the enemy in the east of the village charged at Liujiajingzi. The soldiers fought back fiercely and quickly repelled the enemy.At this time, the cemetery in the southeast of the village was selected by the Japanese army as a charging point.Before the enemy's forces were deployed, they were attacked by the Eighth Route Army from three sides, and the corpses were scattered all over the field. Towards dusk, the Japanese army launched another attack.During the fierce battle, a strong wind suddenly blew up, and the dust covered the sun.Yang Guofu seized the opportunity to organize a counterattack, beat the enemy down, and then led the troops to transfer victoriously. In the Liujiajingzi battle, the three detachments wiped out more than 800 enemies, including more than 400 Japanese troops.The reputation of the three teams is booming! The three brothers of the Ma family led the troops to gallop across the Qinghe Plain, which made the Japanese and puppets tremble with fear.The Japanese puppets posted notices everywhere, offering heavy rewards for the capture of the Ma brothers, and sent heavy troops to chase and kill them. On July 22, 1939, Ma Yaonan and Yang Guofu led the troops to move to Niuwangzhuang, Huantai, preparing to send their troops east to Linzi, join another army, and concentrate their forces to attack the enemy. The Japanese army, who became angry from embarrassment, came looking for an opportunity to retaliate.They followed the three teams to Niuwangzhuang.At around 9:00 in the morning, the enemy frantically rushed towards the positions of the three teams, and the three teams launched a fierce counterattack.The battle lasted until two o'clock in the afternoon. Ma Yaonan and Yang Guofu believed that the time had come to transfer and decided to withdraw from their positions. Yang Guofu asked Ma Yaonan to lead the headquarters to withdraw first. Ma Yaonan looked at Yang Guofu, tightened his glasses, and then got on the horse with his entourage and galloped towards Dazhai Village, about one mile southeast of Niuwangzhuang.Unexpectedly, as soon as he entered Dazhai Village, the enemy ambushing behind the pile of firewood at the east end of the street suddenly opened fire on him, and a string of bullets penetrated Ma Yaonan's chest.He honorably sacrificed his life for the liberation of the Chinese nation. When the news came, Ma Tianmin was extremely sad and indignant. On the evening of October 13, Ma Tianmin took two guards and went into Daxinzhuang to scout the enemy.At dawn the next day, Ma Tianmin was about to get up at a friend's house when suddenly gunshots broke out and the enemy surrounded Daxinzhuang.It turned out that Ma Tianmin had been betrayed by a traitor.Ma Tianmin and two guards retreated while shooting. When they retreated to a cemetery in the southwest of the village, the enemy surrounded them on three sides.The Japanese army and traitors approached Ma Tianmin step by step. Ma Tianmin gritted his teeth and shot calmly. The Japanese army and traitors fell one by one under his gun.The enemy went crazy and shot at Tianmin with machine guns and rifles. Ma Tianmin was shot several times and fell into a pool of blood. The news that the elder brother Ma Yaonan and the third younger brother Ma Tianmin died one after another strongly shocked Ma Xiaoyun.Zhao Mingxin, the Propaganda Director of the Qinghe Special Committee, came to see him on behalf of the party organization. He suppressed his grief and said: "Don't talk about it, I know everything. I am grateful to the organization and comrades for their concern for me. I will not lie down. When they are alive , I have been educated a lot, compared to them, I have not done enough." After a pause, he said: "These days I have been thinking, the eldest brother and the third younger brother gave their lives for the Anti-Japanese War, and I, the living How can we better inherit their unfinished ambitions!" He looked at Zhao Mingxin and said earnestly: "You are the responsible comrade of the party, and I want to join the Chinese Communist Party!" "Okay, Comrade Xiaoyun." Zhao Mingxin grabbed Ma Xiaoyun's hand: "I will be your party introduction." With the help of the party organization and Zhao Mingxin, Ma Xiaoyun became a member of the Communist Party of China. Ma Xiaoyun learned through reconnaissance that the reason why the three detachments were followed and attacked by the enemy continuously was because of the letter of the hard-core traitor Duan Shuyun.He and his comrades designed and quickly got rid of this dog traitor. At the end of 1939, the party organization transferred Ma Xiaoyun to study at Yan'an Anti-Japanese Military and Political University. In the early summer of 1942, after completing his studies, he returned to Shandong and was assigned to the Qingxi (western Qinghe) military division as deputy commander.Xiaoyun led his troops to fight the Japanese invaders tit-for-tat, successively conquered Sijiazhuang, Huagou and other strongholds, and attacked the Hutian explosives warehouse, which opened up a new situation in the western Qing Dynasty against Japan. In 1944, the International Anti-Fascist War, especially the Soviet Red Army achieved a great victory against the German army.On the battlefield behind enemy lines in China, the Eighth Route Army launched a partial counterattack against the Japanese army.The three detachments assessed the situation and expanded the four-sided area between Yidu, Shouguang, Linzi, and Guangrao, and joined the three counties of Keleling, Linyi, and Nanpi in autumn.The victory of the Anti-Japanese War is in sight. In this situation, the Shandong Branch and the Shandong Military Region instructed that the former Qingxi Army Division be changed to the Sixth Division of the Bohai Navy Region, and Ma Xiaoyun remained the deputy commander.In order to further develop the victory, the troops split up.One was led by Commander Xu Yunxuan to fight south of Qinghe; the other was led by Liman Village Political Commissar and Ma Xiaoyun, with six main companies and local troops totaling 800 people, to eradicate the Wangjiazhuang stronghold. On August 10, the battle of Wangjiazhuang started.The Wangjiazhuang stronghold is a fortress that the enemy is trying to defend, and the fortifications are very strong.After several attacks, three of the four blockhouses in the stronghold had been captured, and the remaining Japanese and puppet troops retreated to a blockhouse in the southwest corner to hold out.Ma Xiaoyun decided to blow it up with a large explosive package. On this day, Ma Xiaoyun came out of the command post, ready to check the quality of the explosives.At this moment, a shell fell on the explosive package, and with a loud bang, Ma Xiaoyun died heroically on the battlefield. The soldiers charged bravely, and soon blew up the gun towers, wiping out the stubborn defenders.