Chapter 10 009. Heaven and Earth Can Know Loyalty——Tu Zhengkun, Secretary of the Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China

On August 1, 1939, more than 10,000 people from all walks of life in the party, government, army and civilians in Yan'an mourned Tu Zhengkun and other martyrs who died in the Pingjiang tragedy in the auditorium of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China.An elegiac couplet sent by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China was hung in the middle of the venue: Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Chen Yun, Peng Dehuai and other party and military leaders all sent elegiac couplets and poems.Mao Zedong made a speech "The Reactionaries Must Be Sanctioned" at the meeting.

Tu Zhengkun, formerly known as Zhengsheng, was born in November 1897 in a poor seamstress family in Xiejiang Township, Chiayi Town, Pingjiang County, Hunan Province. In 1925, he participated in the civilian night school run by Luo Nachuan in Chiayi, Pingjiang, and used sewing as a cover to mobilize paper workers and peasants to fight against landlords and gentry.In May of this year, he was introduced by Luo Nachuan and joined the Communist Party of China. In the autumn of 1927, Tu Zhengkun led the Pingjiang peasant riot team and participated in the Autumn Harvest Uprising led by Mao Zedong.Later, he successively served as the secretary of the Pingjiang County Party Committee of the Communist Party of China, the organization minister of the Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee, the political commissar of the combat division, and the chairman of the provincial Soviet government. He persisted in the arduous Agrarian Revolutionary War for a long time.He led and commanded many struggles against the "Qing and Suppression" together with the Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee, provincial military leaders Fu Qiutao and Deng Hong. By the time of the "July 7" Incident in 1937, the Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi base areas were still preserved for nearly 100 years. 500 party members and cadres, more than 390 Red Army soldiers.

After the "Double Twelve" Xi'an Incident in 1936, Chiang Kai-shek adopted the "North and South Suppression" strategy. While negotiating and cooperating with the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China to resist Japan, he secretly ordered the Kuomintang army to continue to "clear and suppress" the Red Army guerrillas in various parts of the south.Leaders such as Fu Qiutao and Tu Zhengkun of Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi provinces paid close attention to changes in the situation and studied the party's policies. Preparation for negotiations. In February 1937, Tu Zhengkun was appointed secretary of the Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China.He presided over several meetings of the Provincial Party Committee and decided to send people to consult the Party Central Committee while negotiating an armistice with the local authorities of the Kuomintang.On May 10 of this year, the Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi People's Anti-Japanese Red Army Military Committee was formally established with Fu Qiutao as the chairman and Tu Zhengkun, Deng Hong, Liu Yutang, Zhong Qiguang, Xie Gan, Tan Qilong, Jiang Weiqing, and Ming Anlou as members. Commanded the guerrillas of the Anti-Japanese Red Army in Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi.

Before the negotiations began, the local authorities of the Kuomintang tried to use the traitor Kong Hechong to "appease" and incorporate them.Tu Zhengkun, Fu Qiutao and others sternly warned them: If the traitors come to "appease", we will kill them.Give it a powerful counterattack. On July 18, Fu Qiutao, Tu Zhengkun, Liu Yutang, Zhong Qiguang, etc. were sent by the Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi provincial committees, together with a brigade commander, a regimental commander, a deputy regimental commander, the county magistrate of Pingjiang County, and the county party committee of the 50th Division of the Kuomintang The Secretary-General of the Ministry and others conducted negotiations at the Guandi Temple in Chiayi Town, Pingjiang.During the negotiations, Fu Qiutao, Tu Zhengkun and others sternly refuted the fallacy of "one political party (KMT), one leader (Chiang Kai-shek), and one doctrine (Three People's Principles)" advocated by the Kuomintang, and solved general problems.At this time, the Party Central Committee sent Lai Chuanzhu and Li Tao to the Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi Provincial Party Committee to convey the relevant instructions of the Central Committee. On July 20, Fu Qiutao, Tu Zhengkun and others went to Liuyang to conduct formal negotiations with Yue Sen, the commander of the Kuomintang Fifth Division.When it came to substantive issues such as the release of political prisoners and the concentration of Red Army guerrillas, Yue Sen proposed conditions such as submitting a list, in an attempt to kill the CCP personnel in advance, and gathered and wiped out the Red Army troops while they were concentrated.Tu Zhengkun and Fu Qiutao had insight into their treachery, sternly rejected their unreasonable demands, and wisely smashed the conspiracy of the Kuomintang diehards.The two sides agreed: ① release the political prisoners in custody; ② establish an office of the Red Army Guerrilla Detachment in Liuyang;Designate special zones and station troops.The funding issue of the reorganized Red Army guerrilla detachment has yet to be resolved through negotiations in Wuhan. Around August 20, Liu Yutang, Huang Yaonan and others from Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi provincial committees went to Wuhan for negotiations. On August 29, with the support of Dong Biwu, the representative of the Communist Party of China, the negotiations with the Kuomintang in Wuhan were successful, and the anti-Japanese national united front was finally established in the Hunan-Hubei-Jiangxi Border Region. In February 1938, Fu Qiutao, the commander and head of the first regiment, set off from Chiayi, Pingjiang, to the front line of the Anti-Japanese War.

At the end of 1937, according to the instructions of the Party Central Committee, the Provincial Party Committee of Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi was changed to a special committee, and Tu Zhengkun served as the secretary.Together with Luo Ziming, Huang Yaonan and others, he led the special committee and the communication office, and devoted all his efforts to the anti-Japanese and national salvation struggle in the border areas of Hunan, Hubei and Jiangxi.On the one hand, they quickly rectified and restored the party organization, recruited party members, and educated party members to play an exemplary role in the anti-Japanese and national salvation struggle. Public Bookstore", established "Common People's Wall Poster", and extensively mobilized young people to join the army and fight.Tu Zhengkun sent his only daughter, Tu Fengyun, to the anti-Japanese front line in southern Anhui, where he fought the enemy bravely (and later died heroically in the Battle of Wuhu).Tu Zhengkun took the lead in saving food and clothing, raising funds and medicines, and treated more than 100 wounded and sick people who stayed in Chiayi. More than 70 wounded and sick people recovered from injuries and recovered, and formed a supplementary company to go to the front.

Tu Zhengkun unswervingly implemented the party's principles and policies of the anti-Japanese national united front. In October 1938, after Wuhan fell, the Yang Sen Department of the 27th Group Army of the Ninth Theater of the Kuomintang Army was transferred to Pingjiang.They forcibly occupied houses, robbed property, apportioned taxes indiscriminately, and the masses came to the communication office to accuse them of their atrocities and demanded that the "suffering army" be sanctioned.Tu Zhengkun not only asked Yang Sen's headquarters to tighten military discipline, but also patiently persuaded the villagers to focus on the overall situation of the anti-Japanese war.He said: "Fighting the Japanese devils is the top priority at present. Although Yang Sen's troops are bad, as long as they don't openly surrender to the enemy, we still have to fight for them patiently. In case the Japanese devils invade Pingjiang, the Communist Party will never leave Pingjiang people. We must fight with everyone." We live and die together, we share weal and woe, we organize to fight guerrilla warfare, to fight against Japan and protect our family.”

In January 1939, the Fifth Plenary Session of the Fifth Central Committee of the Kuomintang formulated the reactionary policy of "Dissolving the Communist Party, Preventing the Communist Party, Restricting the Communist Party, and Anti-Communist Party." On May 30, Chiang Kai-shek personally signed the secret order and sent it to Xue Yue, acting commander of the Seventh Theater in Changsha.The secret order said: "It is reported that the CCP is carrying out large-scale activities in the Chiayi Ridge area of ​​Pingjiang. The people in charge are Huang Yaonan and Tu Zhengkun. They call for guerrillas...and store a large amount of arms...Pingjiang is used as a base...The influence is not superficial. Please try to stop it, so as not to spread. It is related to the secret military activities in the rear, please check and handle the corresponding letter."

Xue Yue and Yang Sen acted immediately.A battalion of the Chiayi Kuomintang garrison controlled the commanding heights of the two opposite hills.More than 20 people from the special agent battalion of Yang Sen's Department rushed to Chiayi under the pretext of speeding up and breaking the road, changed into civilian clothes, and scattered near the communication office.After Tu Zhengkun became aware of the above-mentioned activities of the diehards of the Kuomintang, he immediately held an emergency meeting with the head of the special committee and the communications department, and studied emergency measures: reducing the number of personnel in the communications department by more than ten people; or other places to hide; the special committee and the communication office were separated; the meeting places between the special committee and comrades in various counties were changed; confidential documents were transferred to the caves in the Xiejiang area.However, no preventive measures were taken for the safety of the Communications Office, and no public tragedy was expected.

At 3 pm on June 12, 1939, the "Pingjiang Tragedy" that shocked the whole country occurred.Yang Sen, the 27th Army of the Kuomintang, sent troops to secretly surround the New Fourth Army's communication office in Pingjiang.Zhang Shaoqi, a lieutenant scout from Yang Sen's Department, led Tu Zhengkun to an alley more than 30 meters away from the communication office under the pretext of asking Tu Zhengkun to go to the Chiayi District Office to discuss emergency matters concerning the Anti-Japanese War.Several executioners who had ambushed at the entrance of the alley in advance shot at Tu Zhengkun violently.Blood gushed out from Tu Zhengkun's chest.Enduring the pain, he braced his body and walked back, shouting in the direction of the communication office: "Yang Sen has murdered, comrades, go!" He was only 42 years old when he died.

After the gunfire, the special agent company of Yang Sen's Department rushed into the Communication Office, looted all the property, and shot Wu Yuan, the secretary director of the Communication Office.At that night, four people including Luo Ziming, Zeng Jinsheng, Wu Hequan, and Zhao Luyin, officials from the special committee and the communications department, were escorted to Huxingling near Chiayi Town to be buried alive. The hometown of the martyr Tu Zhengkun heard the news of Tu Zhengkun's murder. That night, more than a dozen old Red Guards risked being captured and killed to transport Tu Zhengkun's body back to Hebaozhou. They buried their relatives with grief.