Chapter 12 Chapter 12 The Long March Turned to Jian Qi Gong: Xu Xiangqian in the Long March

New century, new Beijing, golden autumn in October, sunny and sunny.Ushered in the 57th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China!Ushered in the 70th anniversary of the victory of the Long March of the Red Army of Chinese Workers and Peasants! Celebrating the National Day and commemorating the Long March, we are full of pride and enthusiasm! 70 years ago, the historical picture of Marshal Xu Qianqian commanding the Red Fourth Front Army's Long March is unfolding before our eyes again.Xu Shuai recalled many times during his lifetime: "The first, second, and fourth front armies of the Red Army, as well as the Red 25th Army, won the great victory of the Long March under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, mutual support, mutual cooperation, and united struggle. The main force of the Red Army came from Sichuan Mao Gong (now Xiaojin County, Aba Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture) joined forces, joined forces in Ganzi, and joined forces in Huining, Gansu, ending the long-term situation of being surrounded by the Kuomintang army and fighting independently under division and siege, and pushed the armed revolutionary struggle to a new stage. Extremely far-reaching historical significance. We must conscientiously summarize the experience of the victory of the Long March, carry forward the spirit of the Long March, and promote various reforms and the construction of the four modernizations of the country."

The Long March of the Fourth Red Army is an integral part of the Long March of the National Red Army.Xu Shuai, who was only 34 years old at the time, served as the commander-in-chief of the Red Fourth Front Army.Together with political commissar Chen Changhao, deputy commander-in-chief Wang Shusheng, and leaders such as Zhang Guotao, he led and commanded an 80,000-strong army of the Fourth Red Army. From March 28, 1935, the battle of crossing the Jialing River began the Long March, and on October 10, 1936, the Gansu Huining Conference At the end of the division, it took one year and seven months to cross five snow-capped mountains above 4,000 meters above sea level, including Hongqiao Mountain, Mengbi Mountain, Jiajin Mountain, Zheduo Mountain, and Balang Mountain, and cross the Songpan Grassland three times; Jialing River, Fujiang River, Minjiang River, Fubian River, Dawei River, Xiaojinchuan, Dajinchuan, Gaqu River (White River), Banyou River (Heihe River), Baozuo River, Xianshui River, Yalong River, Bailong River, Tao River, Weihe and other 15 rivers; through 4 provinces (Sichuan, Xikang, Qinghai, Gansu), 43 counties (cities), the journey is about 20,000 miles.Realized the victory of the three main forces of the Red Army, the Long March, and wrote a glorious chapter in the history of the party, the history of the army, and the history of the revolution.

"Forcibly cross the Jialing River and meet the Party Central Committee." On January 22, 1935, the Northwest Revolutionary Military Committee of the Central Committee received a telegram instruction from the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Central Revolutionary Military Committee: "It is advisable to quickly gather troops to complete the offensive preparations, and implement the west of the Jialing River in the near future. Attack.” After receiving the call, the Northwest Revolutionary Military Committee of the Communist Party of China and the General Headquarters of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army held an emergency meeting in Wangcangba, Guangyuan County (now Wangcang County, Guangyuan City), and unanimously decided to launch a forcible crossing of the Jialing River against the Sichuan warlords and the Kuomintang army. In the battle, the battle cry of "Forcibly cross the Jialing River and meet the Party Central Committee!" was put forward.Established a firm belief that "crossing the river will win".

Before the war, Xu Shuai personally led the deputy commander-in-chief Wang Shusheng and other senior generals to trek for more than 400 miles along the river for reconnaissance, and selected the Nantazi Mountain in Cangxi County as the main ferry.He also presided over the formulation of the Red Army's strategy and tactics of combining smuggling and forced crossing, and combining multiple assaults with key breakthroughs in Cangxi and Langzhong along the river for about a hundred miles, through an in-depth understanding of the enemy's situation, terrain, hydrology, and weather. A rigorous, detailed and detailed combat plan was made.

The Jialing River meanders through the mountains and valleys in the northwest of Sichuan. The current is fast and easy to defend.The Sichuan warlords and the Kuomintang army, relying on natural dangers, mobilized 53 regiments to deploy troops on the west bank of the Jialing River 300 kilometers from north to south, built blockhouses and barriers, strictly controlled ferry boats, and blocked the river. Mastering the stick, but aiming for the yard.The Red Army has its own resilience, and the more difficult and dangerous it is, the more forward it is.If you don't have a ferry, you can build it yourself; if you don't have sailors, you can practice it yourself.Under the careful command of Xu Shuai and Wang Shusheng, deputy commanders in chief, in the middle of the night of March 27, the Red Army transported all the secretly built ships capable of carrying two regiments at the same time and three pontoon bridges built with moso bamboo to the Jialing River.

On the night of March 28, Xu Shuai gave an order, and the battle of crossing the river began.Political Commissar Li Xiannian commanded the two battalions of the 263rd Regiment of the 88th Division of the Red 30th Army and the teaching battalion of the general headquarters to cross the river at the main ferry at the foot of Tazi Mountain with supernatural speed and secret movements.The Red Army warriors were not noticed by the defending enemy until they approached the enemy's beachhead.Before the enemy's firepower could be launched, the artillery and heavy machine guns of the Red Army on Tazi Mountain fired violently to cover the landing of the assault troops.Annihilated one battalion defending the enemy, killed the enemy regiment leader Chen Dengpu, and repelled the enemy counterattacks on the left and right wings, consolidating the beachhead. At dawn on March 29, the following two regiments of the 88th Division of the Red Army entered the battle across the river, captured the commanding heights of Feihu Mountain, Gaocheng Mountain, and Wannian Mountain in one fell swoop, and defeated the 5th Brigade of the 2nd Division of the enemy who retreated from Langzhong.At the same time, the Red 31st Army successfully crossed the Yuanxikou north of Cangxi, captured the enemy's dangerous position Huoshaosi, and defeated a brigade of the enemy Liu Hanxiong; the Red 9th Army crossed the river at the ferry north of Langzhong. Langzhong was conquered on March 31.So far, the enemy's defense position on the west bank of the Jialing River has been broken across the board, and the Red Army continues to develop in depth.

The Battle of Forcibly Crossing Jialing lasted 24 days from March 28 to April 21, and wiped out more than 10,000 enemies.Successively conquered 8 counties including Langzhong, Nanbu, Jiange, Zhaohua, Zitong, Pingwu, Zhangming, and Beichuan, and controlled 8 counties starting from Jialing River in the east, Beichuan in the west, Zitong in the south, and Sichuan and Gansu in the north. A vast area of ​​hundreds of miles.It created a model battle example of "the longest time, the largest scale, and the most enemies wiped out" in the history of the Red Army's war, which also opened the prelude to the battle of the Red Fourth Front Army's Long March.

The Long March crossed Beichuan and fought fiercely at Qianfo Mountain.Beichuan, located in the mountains and valleys in the northwest of Sichuan, is an area inhabited by the Qiang people.The main rivers are Jianjiang, Qingpian River, Baicao River and so on.The Beichuan River Valley is the only channel from Beichuan to the Minjiang River Basin in the west.At the junction of Beichuan and An County, there are high mountains such as Fuquan Mountain, Qianfo Mountain, Maohe Mountain, Dongda Pass, Guanyin Liangzi, and Hengliangzi.There are many snow-capped mountains and virgin forests in the north; the western Sichuan plain and Chengdu Bazi are in the south.The terrain in this area is very dangerous, and it has been a battleground for military strategists of all dynasties.It is not only the "Northern City Wall" of the Chengdu Plain, but also the natural barrier of the Beichuan River Valley.

From mid-April to early May, Xu Shuai commanded the main force of the Red Fourth Front Army, divided into five groups, and entered Beichuan successively.At this time, the Party Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission led the Red Front Army to the south bank of the Jinsha River in northern Yunnan Province, preparing to cross the Jinsha River north to join the Red Fourth Front Army.While marching westward to Beichuan, the Red Fourth Front Army also carried out in-depth crossing of the Beichuan River Valley and westward to the Minjiang River to support the political education and ideological mobilization of the Red Front Army.

The Sichuan warlords and the Kuomintang army noticed that the Red Army continued to move westward. Deng Xihou urgently ordered Tao Kai to lead 3 brigades to deploy defenses in the Beichuan Valley on the line of Dunshang and Tumen. In order to break the enemy's plan to stick to the Beichuan River Valley, Xu Shuai, Political Commissar Chen Changhao, and Deputy Commander Wang Shusheng decided to launch the Battle of Tumen (that is, the Battle of Qianfo Mountain): the first step was to fight from Beichuan to the south to capture Fuquan Mountain, Qianfo Mountain, Guanyin Liangzi controlled the Beichuan River Valley and caused the Red Army to attack Chengdu to attract the main force of the enemy.The second step is to cross the Beichuan River Valley and break through the Tumen pass, and the main force of the Red Army will take advantage of the victory and advance westward.

At the end of April, according to Xu Shuai's combat deployment, the 88th Division of the Red 30th Army defeated the 11th Brigade of Sun Zhen's Li Weiru in Xuanping, captured Fuquan Mountain, and wiped out part of the enemy. On May 1, the 89th Division of the Red 30th Army defeated the enemy's Tao Kai Department and occupied Dunshang. On May 2, the main force of the 9th Red Army and the 30th Red Army crossed the Jianjiang River from Caijiazui and Luanshijiao, defeated the 15th Brigade of Yang Zongli's 28th Army, and captured Daya Pass on May 3. Those who are kind do not come, those who come are not good.In order to regain control of the Beichuan River Valley, the enemy launched an offensive again under the unified deployment of Deng Xihou: the 8th, 9th, and 12th brigades, commanded by Wang Mingzhang, commander of the 2nd column of the 29th Army, consisted of 3 brigades and 9 regiments. Attack on the west bank of the Beichuan River in Pingbai; Chen Dingxun, commander of the 1st Division of the 28th Army, commanded the 2nd, 3rd, 12th, 14th, and 15th brigades, a total of 5 brigades and 14 regiments, attacking from Chaping to the Beichuan and Dunshang lines; Trying in vain to restore the defense on the Beichuan Valley. When Xu Shuai learned of the enemy's situation, he decisively commanded the 9th Red Army and the 30th Red Army to deal a heavy blow to the invading enemy at Baijialin in Dayakou, and the enemy was forced to retreat to Chaping for defense.The Fourth Red Army entered the area east of Qianfo Mountain.The 88th Division of the Red 30th Army and the 25th Division of the Red 9th Army each attacked from the east side of Qianfo Mountain to the west and left and right, captured the Tianmen Cave and the Buddha Temple on the main peak of Qianfo Mountain, and chased and wiped out the enemy to the West Daya Pass.From May 6th to 12th, the enemy repeatedly competed for Qianfoshan, Dayakou, Baijialin and other positions, and the fighting was very fierce.Xu Shuai personally went to Qianfo Mountain to command the first-line positions. The Red Army commanders fought bravely and tenaciously defeated the enemy, and captured and consolidated the dangerous positions such as Fuquan Mountain, Qianfo Mountain, and Guanyin Liangzi. At dawn on May 14, Xu Shuai commanded the 9th Red Army, the 30th Red Army, and a part of the 31st Red Army. The 7 regiments and 1 battalion under Kai's command and the Tumen pass, which was tightly fortified by the local settlement army, launched a general attack.After fierce fighting, the enemy's Tumen defense line fell apart.The Red Army occupied Territory Gate and Gangou, and completely opened up the natural danger Beichuan Valley. On May 15, Xu Shuai led the main force of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army and entered Mao County.On the evening of the same day, Liu Xiang sent an order to Wang Yanxu: "Lead 4 brigades to attack Guanyinliang and Tumen from Dashiba and Yinggezui. At the same time, Chaping attacked Dayakou head-on." In the evening of the same day, a member of the Military Commission of the Nationalist Government The staff group of the Changxing Battalion also called Liu Xiang: "Order the First, Second, and Sixth Route Armies to regroup and counterattack the Red Army positions at Fuquan Mountain and Qianfo Mountain on May 17, enter the line of Xuanping and Tumen, and block Tumen again." In an attempt to prevent the Red Army from advancing westward to the Minjiang River Basin.Senior enemy officials Deng Xihou, Sun Zhen, and Wang Yanxu had an emergency meeting in An County, and decided to mobilize 30 regiments to attack the Red Army on May 18. On May 22, Chiang Kai-shek judged that the main force of the Fourth Red Army had crossed the Minjiang River to the west and was preparing to join the Central Red Army, so he ordered Deng Xihou, Sun Zhen, and Wang Zuanxu to stop attacking Beichuan and Tumen, and instead took a defensive position and built blockhouses.Afterwards, Wang Shusheng, deputy commander-in-chief, commanded the Red Fourth Army, one part of the Red 31st Army, and the Red 33rd Army, and continued to stick to the front lines of Fuquan Mountain, Qianfo Mountain, and Tumen. Xi withdrew from his position one by one. The Battle of Tumen was an important battle in which the Red Fourth Front Army marched through Beichuan. It lasted for more than a month and wiped out more than 10,000 enemies.He has made important contributions to ensure that the Red Fourth Front Army marched westward to the Minjiang River to join the Party Central Committee and the Red First Front Army successfully. Maogong join forces - a triumphant song of unity and victory. In late May, Xu Shuai led the main force of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army and successively stationed in the Song (Pan), Mao (county), Li (Fan), and Wen (Sichuan) areas in the Minjiang River Basin in western Sichuan.The General Headquarters of the Red Fourth Front Army held a meeting of leading cadres of various armies in Maoxian County, carefully studied and arranged various preparations for the early meeting of the Party Central Committee and the Red Front Army.Xu Shuai, political commissar Chen Changhao, and deputy commander-in-chief Wang Shusheng all spoke at the meeting, repeatedly emphasizing and clarifying the significance and far-reaching influence of the Red First and Fourth Front Army joining forces in western Sichuan.Leading cadres at all levels are required to go deep into the grassroots and mobilize extensively. Red Army commanders and fighters must fight the enemy bravely, earnestly implement the party's ethnic policy, and vigorously raise military supplies.It is recommended that everyone do their own work, make condolences, and warmly welcome the Party Central Committee and the Red Army with practical actions.In his speech, Xu Shuai especially emphasized: "After joining forces, we must do a good job in the unity of the two armies, and all actions must follow the command of the Party Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission!" The meeting decided that political commissar Li Xiannian and Army Commander He Wei would lead the 88th Division of the 30th Red Army and one part each of the 25th and 27th Divisions of the 9th Red Army to cross the Minjiang River westward and cross the Red Bridge Snow Mountain. On the one hand, military operations.Army Commander Wang Hongkun, Deputy Army Commander Xu Shiyou, and Army Commander Sun Yuqing commanded the Red 4th Army and a part of the Red 31st Army to resist the Kuomintang army in the south of Hu Zong in the Zhenjiang Pass and Songpinggou areas south of Songpan; Deputy Wang Shusheng The commander-in-chief led the 4th Red Army, another part of the 31st Red Army, and the 33rd Red Army to fight against the enemies invading from the east and south on the front lines of Qianfo Mountain, Beichuan, and Piankou. After the meeting, Xu Shuai left political commissar Li Xiannian to explain in detail and make careful arrangements.Xu Shuai said: "The Party Central Committee and the First Red Army have undergone a long-distance transfer, and they are very hard and tired. They must mobilize troops in depth, carry forward the fighting style of the Fourth Red Army, which is not afraid of hardships and continuous operations, and strive to join forces as soon as possible; the development of the two armies after the meeting The best direction is to go north to the border areas of Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Gansu; you still remember that when we evacuated the base areas of Hubei, Henan and Anhui and moved to the west, we lost a lot of pots and pans, which made the troops have no food. I guess, this The situation of the Red Front Army once was similar to that of our Western Expedition. Before you set off, you must transfer some cooks from various ministries, and bring more cooking utensils, food and salt. To support them, you must first solve the problem of food." On June 12, the vanguard of the Red Front Army and the Red Fourth Front Army successfully joined forces at the Dawei River at the northern foot of Jiajin Mountain.The commanders and fighters of the two fraternal units shook hands and hugged tightly, cheered and jumped, and each of them was so excited that tears filled their eyes.The good news of the reunion spread to all directions through the red radio waves.On the evening of the same day, Xu Shuai, who lived in Lifan (now Li County), was ordered to draft a written report of more than 1,500 words to Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai and other central leadership comrades in the names of Zhang Guotao and Chen Changhao.Full of joy and excitement, Xu Shuai wrote vigorously.In the report, he first analyzed the enemy's situation from seven aspects; then he reported in detail the positions of the units of the Red Fourth Front Army.He put forward affectionately: "My brother and others' opinions: the Western Expeditionary Army has repeatedly conquered famous cities and repeatedly destroyed powerful enemies during the long march. However, after a long journey, it is not without fatigue. Rest and supplementation are also necessary. In addition, put the Fourth Front Army in the front to destroy the enemy, and it is better to attack Hu (Zongnan) first and Liu (Xiang) first, and I hope that you can discuss and make a decision according to the actual situation of all parties." In the introduction of Li (Fan) ), Mao (Gong) and the situation of Tibetans, Qiang and other ethnic minorities in the area, the report finally asked for instructions: "In the future, how the party, government and army should organize their actions and how to decide the general policy, brother, wait for people to come to Mao or our side to come here Please let me know immediately, and please compile the code book so that the news can be kept in hand. Finally, the Fourth Red Front Army and tens of millions of workers and peasants in Northwest Sichuan are preparing to warmly welcome my victorious Central Western Expeditionary Army with 120,000 points of enthusiasm." This impassioned report was delivered by a special cavalryman, and two maps were attached to the letter, which provided a reliable basis for the Party Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission to formulate a timely and correct strategic policy for the reunion of the two armies. After the first Red Army and the Fourth Red Army joined forces in Maogong, Comrade Lu Dingyi wrote the "Anthem of the Two Main Forces of the Red Army" in Baoxing with the tune of "The Song of the Second All-Soviet Congress", which was quickly sung by the whole army. This song not only fully expresses the joy of the Red Army commanders and fighters joining forces in victory and the fighting friendship of brotherhood, but also enhances the determination and confidence to strive for greater victories under the leadership of the Party Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission.According to the "Red Star News" published by the Red Army General Command and the General Political Department: "Incomplete statistics show that there are 686 sets and 379 pieces of clothes, 342 pairs of shoes, 2,879 pairs of straw sandals, 576 towels, 1,478 pairs of socks, and 104 beds of blankets. There are also sock soles, sock covers, red plaques, tooth powder, soap and other condolences. "Red Star News" specifically stated: "The General Political Department has successively received two batches of comfort items from the Fourth Front Army, which have been distributed to the various units of the First Front Army." Join forces to pass on the good news, and the whole army is full of joy. On June 15, the Fourth Red Front Army sent a congratulatory message to the Party Central Committee and the First Red Front Army in the name of "Zhang Guotao, Chen Changhao, Xu Qianqian and all commanders and fighters of the Fourth Front Army": "The telegram of Maogong's rendezvous came, and the whole army rejoiced. You are victorious." He fought for more than a thousand miles, swept the southwest, endured arduous (arduous) long-term struggles for the anti-imperialist Soviet movement and the sacred national revolutionary war, and brought about the meeting of the main Red Army today, setting the most favorable course for the redification of the Northwest. Basic conditions. From now on, under the unified command of the Communist Party of China, we and you will jointly strive for the victory of the Northwest Revolution until the victory of the Soviet New China." The Red Star Newspaper published on the same day published the editorial "The Great Rendezvous".The editorial pointed out: "After eight months of long-distance marches and battles of more than 10,000 miles, across the mountains and rivers of the eight southern provinces, and overcoming all natural and man-made difficulties, our Central Field Army finally joined the Fourth Front Army. This is history. The great event before the sky is the event that determines the future development of the Soviet movement in China. The success of this great rendezvous is the greatest victory since the five campaigns." On June 16, in the name of "Zhu (De), Mao (Zedong), Zhou (Enlai), Zhang (Wen Tian) and all commanders and fighters of the Central Field Army", the Party Central Committee sent a reply message to the Fourth Front Army for the meeting of the First and Fourth Front Armies: " I am pleased to hear from you. The meeting of the two main forces of the Chinese Soviet movement created a new record in the history of the Chinese revolution and opened a new stage of the Chinese revolution. It made our enemy imperialism and the Kuomintang panic. We have heard about your glorious achievements for a long time. Every time we get Your Jiedian is very happy. This meeting makes us even more excited. In the future, we will join hands with you to win big battles, eliminate Chiang Kai-shek, Liu Xiang, Hu Zongnan, Deng Xihou and other warlords, Chihua Northwest Sichuan, we 8 The month-long march is to fight for the Soviet. We swear to fight with you to the end for the Soviet.” On June 18, the Party Central Committee led the central organs to Maogong, and was warmly welcomed by the commanders and fighters of the 88th Division led by Li Xiannian, political commissar of the 30th Red Army representing the fourth aspect of the Red Army.In the evening of the same day, in the East Wing of Maogong Catholic Church, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De and other leading comrades of the Central Committee cordially met with Li Xiannian, political commissar, and expressed their great concern for the Fourth Red Front Army. It is of great significance and far-reaching influence for Mao Gong to join forces.It shattered Chiang Kai-shek's plot to prevent the first and fourth front armies from meeting in western Sichuan, and created favorable conditions for the two main forces of the Red Army to open up a new situation under the direct leadership of the Party Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission. The Battle of Baozuo opened the door for the Party Central Committee and the Red Front Army to march to Gannan. On July 21, the Central Revolutionary Military Commission issued the "Decision on the Numbers of the First and Fourth Front Army Organizations and the Appointment and Removal of Cadres."It was decided to organize the general headquarters of the former enemy of the Red Army, with Xu Xiangqian as the commander-in-chief, Chen Changhao as the political commissar, and Ye Jianying as the chief of staff.It was also decided to cancel the designations of the armies of the Red Front Army and rename them uniformly; the designations of the armies of the Red Fourth Front Army remained unchanged.On the same day, the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China held a meeting in Luhua and listened to the report of the leaders of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army.At the meeting, Zhang Guotao introduced the process of withdrawing from the Hubei, Henan, Anhui and Sichuan-Shaanxi base areas; Chen Changhao's political commissar reported on the political work; Xu Shuai reported on the military work.The leading comrades of the Party Central Committee unanimously affirmed the achievements of the heroic struggle of the Red Fourth Front; affirmed that all the commanders and fighters of the Red Fourth Front Army resolutely implemented the correct line of the Central Committee.On behalf of the Chinese Soviet government, Chairman Mao Zedong awarded Xu Shuai a five-star gold medal. Fifty-two years later, Xu Shuai wrote in his memoirs: "This is not a personal honor for me, but a high evaluation and praise for all the commanders and fighters of the Red Fourth Front Army who fought bravely." In Luhua, Xu Shuai met the leaders of the Party Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission for the first time: Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Zhu De, Liu Shaoqi, Zhang Wentian, Bogu and other comrades. He was both happy and cautious, and he was full of admiration and respect for them. Xu Shuai learned from Commander-in-Chief Zhu De that after eight months of the Long March, the Red Front Army had lost a lot of money and had more officers and fewer soldiers. The Red Army.After the above proposals were submitted to the Party Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission for approval, the Red Fourth Front Army transferred 4 organized regiments and a division directly under the headquarters, with a total of 3,700 people, to supplement the Red Front Army.At the same time, experienced military and political cadres were transferred from the First Red Army to supplement the Fourth Red Army, which greatly strengthened the work of the headquarters and political departments of the Fourth Red Army, and further strengthened the internal unity and unity of the two main forces of the Red Army. fighting power. Bag seats are divided into upper bag seats and lower bag seats.Located in the high mountain valley north of Songpan County, the upper and lower Baozuo are separated by dozens of miles, and the Baozuo River runs through it.It is the only place leading to Gannan, with high mountains and dense forests, easy to defend but difficult to attack.The Kuomintang army built blockhouses to guard the south of Hu Zong.After Hu Zongnan learned of the news of the Red Army's northward advance, he urgently transferred Wu Chengren's 49th Division stationed in Zhangla to reinforce Baozuo at night. On August 26, Xu Shuai commanded the right-hand army, which crossed the vast grassland for the first time and entered the Banyou and Brazil areas of Ruoergai County.At this time, the 3rd Red Army of the Red Front Army was still crossing the grassland, and the 1st Red Army lost more personnel during the Long March. Xu Shuai judged the situation and together with Chen Changhao's political commissar, suggested to the Party Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission: The combat mission of attacking the seat should be carried out by The Red 30th Army and the Red 4th Army of the Red Fourth Front Army are responsible.After being approved by the central government, he immediately organized a survey of the terrain, reconnaissance of the enemy's situation, and carried out combat deployments to attack and pack seats.Determined to capture the upper and lower seats before the arrival of enemy reinforcements.The 264th Regiment of the 89th Division of the Red 30th Army attacked the Dajie Temple in the south of Baozuo; two regiments of the 88th Division and the other two regiments of the 89th Division were deployed in the northwest of Baozuo to provide assistance; one part of the Red 4th Army attacked Xiabao Qiuji Temple to the north of the seat.The 1st Red Army served as a reserve team, assembled in Banyou and Brazil, and was responsible for protecting the security of the Party Central Committee.When Xu Shuai fought wars, he always commanded at the front, and his command post was set up on the hill between the upper and lower seats. On August 29, our 264 regiment launched an attack against the enemy defending Dajie Temple in Shangbaozuo.After a night of fierce fighting, two companies of the enemy were wiped out, and the remnants of the enemy retreated to the mountain behind the Dajie Temple to resist and wait for help. On the night of August 30, the 291st Regiment, the vanguard of the 49th Division to aid the enemy, reached the south of Dajie Temple.In order to lure the enemy to go deep, our 264th regiment withdrew to the northeast of Dajie Temple after a little resistance, while the main force of the 30th Red Army was secretly assembled in the forest in the northwest of Shangbaozuo to stand by.In the middle of the night that day, the enemy army entered Dajie Temple. On August 31, the enemy continued to advance, with two regiments backing the water along the west bank of the Baozuo River; the other regiment was located on the east bank of the Baozuo River; the enemy's 49th Division entered the south of Dajie Temple.At three o'clock in the afternoon that day, Xu Shuai gave an order, and the Red Army launched an attack.The brave Red Army soldiers endured the hunger and fatigue just after passing the grassland, and continued to attack the enemy's formation fiercely. The warriors fought hand-to-hand with the enemy one after another, and fought fiercely until the end, annihilating most of the enemy's 49th Division.Under the political offensive of the Red Army, the more than 200 enemies who were trapped on the high ground behind the Dajie Temple were all disarmed.In this battle, more than 4,800 officers and soldiers under the commander of the 49th Division Wu Chengren (injured) were wiped out, and more than 1,500 long and short guns, more than 50 light machine guns, and a large amount of grain, cattle and sheep were seized.At the same time, the 10th Division of the 4th Red Army also launched an attack on the enemy at Qiuji Temple. After fierce fighting, an enemy battalion was wiped out.During the battle, Commander Wang Youjun of the 10th Division died heroically. The Baozu battle was a major victory achieved by the Red Fourth Army under the direct leadership of the Party Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission. It opened the door to march to Gannan and made an important contribution to the realization of the Central Committee's strategic policy of going north. Go south to fight in Chuankangbian. In mid-September, after Zhang Guotao publicly split the party and the Red Army, and led his troops southward without authorization, Xu Shuai remained in military command as before, shouldering heavy responsibilities bravely, closely uniting Commander-in-Chief Zhu De and Chief of Staff Liu Bocheng, and fought many big and bad battles to prevent the It also delayed the Kuomintang army and Sichuan warlords' encirclement and interception of the Red Army's Long March, and effectively responded to the strategic actions of the Party Central Committee and the Red Army's northward march. The battle of appeasement (Chongbei) Dan (Ba) Mao (Gong) was the first battle of going south.Xu Shuai secretly made up his mind: only advance, not retreat; only success, no failure. He consulted Commander-in-Chief Zhu De, Zhang Guotao, Chief of Staff Liu Bocheng, and Deputy Commander Wang Shusheng, and made a campaign deployment: The 25th Division of the 9th Army, the 93rd Division of the 31st Red Army, and the 5th Red Army formed the right column, led by the deputy commander-in-chief Wang Shusheng, advancing along the right bank of Dajinchuan, occupying Suijing and Danba by force; the 4th Red Army, the 30th Red Army, the 32nd Red Army and Most of the 27th Division of the 9th Red Army formed the left column, led by political commissars Xu Shuai and Chen Changhao, and attacked from the left bank of Dajinchuan to capture Chonghua (now Anning) and Maogong; A regiment, stationed in Matang and Mengbishan areas, shielding Zhuomu Tower, where the Red Army's general headquarters is stationed; the 91st Division of the Red 31st Army, the 277th Regiment, and the Red Army University were stationed in Aba to form the Aba garrison area to cover the rear. On October 18, the left and right columns of the Red Army began to move as planned.The 25th Division of the Red 9th Army, the right column, was blocked from crossing the Guanyin River north of Suijing.Xu Shuai made a decisive decision and temporarily adjusted his deployment. The 4th Red Army in the left column was dispatched from Dangba to forcefully cross Dajinchuan.After successfully crossing the river, the 4th Red Army rushed forward along the right bank of Dajinchuan. On October 12, they conquered appeasement and defeated the two regiments of the Sichuan warlord Liu Wenhui. On October 16, they went to Kedanba County.The Red 30th Army of the left column crossed the Dangba River on October 11, and captured Chongbei on October 15.The 27th Division of the 9th Red Army also rushed southward at the same time, attacking the 7th Brigade of Yang Sen's Department that day and night. After 3 hours of fierce fighting, all the enemy troops were defeated. On October 16, Fubian was conquered and most of the two battalions of the enemy were wiped out. On the night of October 19, the Red Army attacked Dawei. On October 20, part of the Red 30th Army conquered Maogong.The Battle of Suichongdanmao lasted more than 10 days and won the victory of annihilating more than 3,000 enemies.Immediately afterwards, the enemy army was unwilling to fail, and frantically dispatched troops.Commander-in-Chief Zhu De spoke highly of the combat effectiveness of the Fourth Red Army, and believed that it was a hard-working Red Army team that inherited the iron army tradition of the Ye Ting Independent Regiment.Xu Shuai devoted himself to the military affairs, and commanded the second major battle of the southward shift - the battle of Tian (Quan) Lu (Mountain) Ming (Mountain) Ya (An) Qiong (崃) Day (Yi). On October 24, the Red Army launched an attack on the enemies of Baoxing, Tianquan, and Lushan with three columns of left, middle, and right.The middle column composed of the 30th Red Army, the 93rd Division of the Red 31st Army, and the 25th Division of the 9th Red Army captured Baoxing in one fell swoop, defeated 3 brigades of Yang Sen's 20th Army, took advantage of the victory to occupy Lingguan Town, and successively defeated 1 brigade and A regiment's blockade was approaching the foot of Lushan City.More than a thousand enemies were captured along the way, more than 2,000 guns and more than 50 light and heavy machine guns were handed over.The left column composed of the 4th Red Army and the 32nd Red Army captured Dachuanchang on November 7, wiped out the first part of Deng Xihou's Seventh Brigade, and its forward arrived in Qionglai County.The right column composed of the 27th Division of the 9th Red Army captured Jintang Town, where the Xikang Jintang Bureau was located, followed by occupying Zishiguan and Dagangshan, defeated a brigade of the Liuxiang Model Division, and captured Tianquan County on November 10. The department immediately detoured eastward, and cooperated with the middle column to surround Lushan. Liu Xiang urgently ordered his independent brigade to dispatch reinforcements from Mingshan.The 30th Red Army and the 9th Red Army each had one unit, divided into two groups to attack the enemy, and wiped out the aided enemy. After conquering Wujiakou Town, a famous mountain, they wiped out another regiment defending the enemy. On November 12, Lushan City was captured.The Red Army's offensive was like a broken bamboo. In more than 10 days, the Red Army occupied the vast area of ​​Sichuan and Kangbian west of Qionglai Mountain, east of Dadu River, north of Qingyi River and south of Maogong, wiped out more than 10,000 enemies and shot down 1 enemy plane. The battle of Baizhang was an integral part of the Great Battle of Tianlu Mingyaqiong.At the most intense moment of the battle, political commissars Xu Shuai and Li Xiannian both went to the front line to command. At dawn on November 19, under the cover of aircraft and artillery, more than a dozen enemy brigades counterattacked the Red Army's arc-shaped position more than 10 miles long from the north, east, and south of Baizhang.The commanders and fighters of the Red Army endured fatigue and cold, and launched a bloody battle with the superior enemy.When some bullets were exhausted, they fought hand-to-hand with the enemy; when some arms were interrupted, they bit the fuse with their teeth and pulled the grenade, and died together with the enemies who rushed in front of them.Fighting continuously for 7 days and nights, a total of 15,000 enemies were wiped out.In view of the fact that the enemy is outnumbered and cannot be consumed for a long time, the Red Army made up its mind to withdraw from the battle.At this point, the Tianlu Mingyaqiong Battle was forced to end. During the Long March, at the critical moment when Zhang Guotao split the Party and the Red Army, Xu Shuai adhered to principles, fought resolutely, and made special contributions to maintaining the unity of the Party and the Red Army. On September 10, 1935, at dawn, a cadre of the Red Fourth Front Army called the general headquarters and reported: "They have left, built fortifications, and put on guard." Chen Changhao, the political commissar, answered the phone and asked Xu Shuai: "What should we do about this?" Xu Shuai replied decisively without hesitation: "How can the Red Army fight the Red Army in the world?" One sentence has the power to avoid extremely dangerous wrong actions and safeguard the party. Unity with the Red Army. On September 15th and 17th, Zhang Guotao issued the "Political Guarantee Plan for the Great Southward Advance" and the southward movement order.He claimed: "A large-scale attack to the south, wipe out the remnants of the Sichuan Army, establish bases in a wide area, and first redify Sichuan." Go south to Matang, Songgang and Dangba.At this time, the climate on the plateau was already bitter in autumn, and the troops were short of clothes and shoes. The Red Army troops passed through the Songpan grassland for the second time. Food was even scarcer and more difficult. Lost precious lives. On October 5th, Zhang Guotao intensified his efforts and publicly raised the banner of anti-Party. He held a meeting in Zhuomu Diao (now Baishazhai, Maerkang County) and made the "Organizational Resolution on the Establishment of the Second Central Committee", blatantly declaring: "Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Bo Gu, and Luo Fu canceled their jobs, expelled members of the Central Committee and the party, and ordered arrests. Yang Shangkun and Ye Jianying should be dismissed and investigated.” At this point, Zhang Guotao’s criminal activities of splitting the party and the Red Army have reached their peak. Commander-in-Chief Zhu De and Chief of Staff Liu Bocheng expressed firm opposition to Zhang Guotao's serious anti-Party behavior, and insisted: "The Chinese Communist Party has only one central committee, that is, the central committee represented by Comrade Mao Zedong, and there cannot be two central committees." Xu Shuai He also disapproved of Zhang Guotao's wrong words and deeds. He often refused to attend the meeting held by Zhang Guotao on the grounds of silence, fighting ahead, and physical discomfort.Their attitude had a profound impact on leading cadres at all levels of the Fourth Front Army of the Red Army. In the first ten days of November, during the battle of Tianlu Mingyaqiong, did the main force of the Red Army take Kangding and Luding in the west, or take Mingshan and Lushan in the east?Leaders disagree.Zhang Guotao advocated: "We must focus on capturing Kang and Lu, and develop in the Xikang area with Daofu as the rear in the future." After discussing with political commissar Chen Changhao, Xu Shuai and Chen Changhao thought: "It is better to implement the original campaign plan, and the focus should be to strengthen the left wing. The best strategy is to seize the Tianquan, Lushan, and Ya'an areas." During the debate, they put forward three reasons to persuade Zhang Guotao: First, the Tian, ​​Lu, Ming, and Ya areas are more populated and food, and the troops are conducive to replenishment; second, the Red Army It is easier to fight against the Sichuan enemy. If you can take advantage of the victory and go down to the western Sichuan plain, you can get more supplements and survive the winter. Turning to war, play a strong support role.If the focus is on Xikang, it will be difficult to replenish people and food, the climate will be cold, and it will be difficult to survive the winter.Xu Shuai said: "Now is no longer the era of the 'King of the Mountain'. I can go, and so can Kou. Chiang Kai-shek will not let us stay in a secluded place and relax." Political commissar Chen Changhao agreed with Xu Shuai's opinion, thinking: " Squatting down to the Chuankang border area and being blocked by the enemy will make the situation of the Red Army even more difficult." In this way, Zhang Guotao no longer insisted on his firm opinion.The battle is still carried out according to the established plan. In late November, the Party Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission led the First Red Army to the Shaanxi-Gansu Border Region. After joining the Red 25th Army and the Northern Shaanxi Red Army that had arrived earlier in the Long March, they won a big victory in Zhiluo Town.This battle is of great significance to the Party Central Committee and the Red Army on the one hand to gain a firm foothold in northern Shaanxi and open up a united front situation with the Northeast Army Zhang Xueliang.Comrade Mao Zedong praised: "A groundbreaking ceremony was held for the Party Central Committee's task of placing the national revolutionary base camp in the northwest." In order to reduce the influence of the Party Central Committee, Zhang Guotao did not let the publicity of the major victory in the battle of Zhiluo Town.After Xu Shuai knew it, he clearly pointed out: "The Red Army has won the battle, not only must it be publicized to the troops, but also to the people in the Chuankang border area." After the propaganda, in the minds of the commanders and fighters of the Red Fourth Front Army and the broad masses of the people, the prestige of the Party Central Committee was further enhanced and the influence of victory was expanded.Facts have once again educated the Red Army commanders and the people.The Party Central Committee and the Central Revolutionary Military Commission led the Red Army to the north and won a big victory in northern Shaanxi; Zhang Guotao split the Party and the Red Army, and led the army south without authorization, losing troops and generals, and reducing the number of staff by more than half.Who is right?Who is wrong?Isn't it clear! After Zhang Guotao went south to the Chuankangbian area, his situation became increasingly serious.Xu Shuai proposed: "Send the main force of the Red Army to Ganzi and Luhuo areas for training, and prepare to go north to join the Party Central Committee for the second time." This correct proposition was strongly supported by Commander-in-Chief Zhu De and Chief of Staff Liu Bocheng, and political commissar Chen Changhao was also firm stood by Xu Shuai's side.Zhang Guotao reluctantly agreed. On June 6, 1936, Zhang Guotao held a meeting of party activists in Luhuo, announced the cancellation of the Second Central Committee, and formed the Northwest Bureau of the CPC Central Committee after preparing to welcome the 2nd and 6th Red Army.So far, Zhang Guotao has carried out the criminal activities of splitting the party and the Red Army for 9 months, and declared a complete failure.Under the slogan of "welcome the 2nd and 6th Red Army, prepare for the second northward movement, and create a vast anti-Japanese base area in the Northwest", the Red Fourth Front Army actively carried out work such as reorganization, training, food raising, fundraising, and material raising.At a mobilization meeting, Xu Shuai emphasized: "The Red Army is a family. Our relationship with the Central Red Army and the Second Front Army is like the brotherly relationship between the fourth brother, the boss, and the second brother. Last time we did not have a good relationship with the boss.好，要接受教训。'兄弟阋于墙，外御其侮。'吵架归吵架，团结归团结，不能分家。现在老二就要上来，再搞不好关系，是说不过去的。每个部队都有自己的长处、短处，方针是：互相学习，取长补短，加强团结，一致对敌。” 6月底，红2、6军团与红四方面军胜利会师。红2、6军团进入甘孜地区后，受到了红四方面军指战员的热烈欢迎。沿途写满了“欢迎横扫湘鄂川黔滇康的红2、6军团！”“欢迎善打运动战的红2、6军团！”大幅标语，筹集了大批粮食、牛羊和食盐，腾出并打扫干净的房子，准备了木柴和开水；由红4方面军指战员亲手缝制的毛衣、毛袜等慰问品，一件件送到战友手中；召开联欢大会，人人欢欣鼓舞，个个心情激动，充分显示了两支红军主力兄弟般的亲密团结。 9月23日，中共中央西北局在漳县三岔召开会议，讨论行动方针。会议采纳了张国焘从永靖、循化西渡黄河的意见。正当红四方面军调集部队西进时，徐帅率先赶到临洮，调查得知：黄河以西气候寒冷，雪山、草地道路难行，人稀粮缺，西渡黄河的计划难以实现。随即返回洮州，向朱德总司令和张国焘汇报，并提出了“停止西进，继续北上”的意见。9月27日，党中央来电，明令禁止西进，力促北上。与此同时，红四方面军广大指战员，对张国焘主张部队西渡黄河，再次穿过荒无人烟的水草地，也表现出极大愤慨和抵制。徐帅严正警告张国焘：“你再要部队翻雪山、过草地，是没有人跟你走的。”陈昌浩政委积极赞同徐帅的意见。最后，张国焘终于放弃了西进计划。 10月，先后在甘肃的会宁、平锋镇、将台堡和兴隆镇地区，实现了三大红军主力第一、第二、第四方面军的胜利大会师。会师后，中共中央、中华苏维埃中央政府、中央革命军事委员会联署发出了庆祝会宁大会师的贺电，向三个方面军的领导人及全体指战员致以热烈的慰问和祝贺，并且指出：“我们在这一抗日前进阵地会合，证明强盗的侵略是快要受到我们全民族最坚强的抗日先锋队的打击了。证明中国民族统一战线与抗日联军是有了坚强的支柱了。证明处在水深火热之中的全国同胞是有了团结御侮的核心了。”贺电号召：“我们即刻就要进入新阶段了，这就是抗日民族革命战争的新阶段。”“我们要在这个新阶段中，树立全国人民的模范，树立抗日战线的模范，争取一切国民党军队加入抗日民族统一战线，开辟抗日前进道路，扩大抗日根据地，巩固抗日根据地，为保卫西北而战！保卫华北而战！保卫全国而战！为收复失地而战！为联合工农商学兵、联合各派各界各军驱逐日本帝国主义出中国而战！”