Chapter 8 2.3 The successful experience of receiving Shenyang in the Liberation War

Before the smoke cleared on the battlefield, the receivers led by Chen Yun had broken into Shenyang City. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of China forwarded the successful experience of receiving the large industrial city of Shenyang to other places. Just when Chen Yun was nervously planning the economic blueprint for the Northeast, in September 1948, the Northeast Field Army launched the Liao In the Shen campaign, it took only two short months, like the autumn wind sweeping the fallen leaves, annihilating hundreds of thousands of enemy troops. The People's Liberation Army is making rapid progress, and the victory came so quickly, and a big problem has emerged: How can we properly take over the newly liberated large industrial and commercial cities?

At this time, Chen Yun handed over a very good answer. After Jinzhou was liberated on October 15, the Central Committee instructed the Northeast Bureau to prepare to take over Shenyang. On October 28, 100,000 main enemy troops in the Northeast were annihilated in western Liaoning. The enemy troops in Shenyang were in chaos and had no fighting spirit. The liberation of the entire Northeast was just around the corner. On October 27, the Northeast Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China decided to use Chen Yun as the director, transfer 4,000 new and old cadres, organize the Shenyang Special City Military Control Committee, and take over Shenyang.

Time is running out! On the 28th, at the mobilization meeting for the takeover work, Chen Yun explained clearly the policy, tasks, methods, methods, and precautions for taking over Shenyang in just half an hour.The next day, the receivers departed from Harbin by train and rushed to Shenyang day and night.On the train, Chen Yun took the time to hold three meetings to discuss the takeover work nervously. At 3 pm on November 2, Shenyang was liberated.At dusk that day, the main personnel of the Military Control Committee drove into the newly liberated Shenyang city in 17 large and small vehicles.In the dim night, there were no lights on the streets of the city, and it was very quiet. The enemy stragglers were still wandering in groups of three or four.

The next day, Chen Yun presided over a meeting of the Shenyang Special City Military Control Committee at the Yamato Hotel in Shenyang, mobilizing everyone to take over the city and not turn the city we captured into a dead city.From now on, Shenyang is a city led by the Communist Party, and it must be managed better than the KMT! Due to the meticulous and timely preparation, the takeover work went very smoothly, and all systems were connected within two days.The houses, equipment, and warehouses of factories, schools, government agencies, enterprises and institutions were generally not damaged.

By November 6, the receiving work of each system had been completed, and Shenyang began to take on a new look.On the street, groups of young people marched singing, and the red and green slogans on the wall complemented the white snow on the street (the first snow in winter fell in Shenyang on the 5th).Trams passed through the city, radio waves sent by Xinhua Radio Station floated in the air of the city, markets reopened, factories reopened one after another, people began to go to work and shop again, and newspaper vendors began to sell newspapers on the street again.The railway traffic between Shenyang and other places has also been opened.As of December 25, 96 passenger and freight trains entered and exited Shenyang every day, and most factories had resumed production.

After the receiving work was basically completed, Chen Yun wrote the "Brief Brief on the Experience of Taking Over Shenyang" on November 28, telegraphed it to the Northeast Bureau and forwarded it to the Central Committee.Shenyang's experience has solved the two major difficulties in the work of taking over large cities, that is, how to complete the takeover and how to quickly restore order.The briefing summarizes 5 specific experiences: (1) After entering the city, the first thing to do is to restore power production and supply. (2) To quickly resolve market and financial price issues. (3) The police must confiscate guns and let them serve with bare hands. (4) Publish newspapers quickly to stabilize people's hearts and publicize the policies of the party and the government. (5) The salary issue needs to be properly resolved.Based on Shenyang's experience, he suggested in the briefing that the central government and the field forces in strategic areas prepare to receive teams from big cities, and hand them over to the municipal party committee, municipal government and other agencies after the work is completed.In this way, the receiving team can accumulate experience, and the backbone can be converted into a full-time job to receive major cities.

Since the War of Liberation is being won at an unprecedented speed, and news of success in North China and East China is frequent, experience is urgently needed to do a good job in the work of taking over cities.Chen Yun's report came very timely. On December 15, the Central Committee replied to Chen Yun and informed the Northeast Bureau, saying that the briefing on the experience of taking over Shenyang was very good, and it had been forwarded to all Central Bureaus and front committees for reading; the briefing had to prepare a special team to handle the work of taking over major cities in each strategic area. The proposal is very correct, and the districts have been informed; the Northeast Bureau will form two teams of personnel who will take over the two cities of Shenyang and Changchun for the purpose of taking over the big cities in the south, and will select 20 or 30 capable backbones from the takeover personnel in Shenyang and transfer them to the post office. Huang Kecheng, director of the Tianjin Military Control Commission, went to Tianjin to participate in the takeover work.It is "very good" and "very right" at the same time, which shows that the central government appreciates and attaches great importance to Shenyang's experience.