Chapter 55 The beginning and end of the mausoleum uprising

Wuzi District, Lingqian Township, Sanyuan County was the location of the Weibei Revolutionary Base during the Agrarian Revolution. In September 1926, Qiao Guozhen, a student of the sixth phase of the Guangzhou Peasant Movement Workshop and a member of the Peasant Movement Committee of the Sanyuan County Committee of the Communist Party of China, and Tang Yuhuai (Tang Yimin), a student from Licheng Middle School in Zhuangli Town, Fuping County, began to organize peasant associations here, establish party organizations, and organize peasant redemption. guard.Then, under the leadership of Huang Ziwen, the people of Wuzi District besieged the city, handed in farming, raised relief, and organized a self-rescue army for disaster victims in Weibei. In 1932, they organized a guerrilla team in Wuzi District, established the Weibei Soviet government, and mobilized the masses to join the Shaanxi-Gansu guerrilla team. Organize Weibei guerrillas. In 1933, the Weibei guerrillas were organized into the 4th Regiment of the Red 26th Army and moved to the Shaanxi-Gansu region. Huang Ziwen made great contributions to the establishment of the Shaanxi-Gansu Soviet Area and the Red 26th Army.The people in Wuzi District have gone through the Great Revolution and Agrarian Revolution, the party is strong, the masses have high revolutionary awareness, they are rich in the glorious tradition of armed struggle, and they have highly respected mass leaders and a group of revolutionary backbones. In 1947, when the Kuomintang focused on attacking northern Shaanxi and occupied Yan'an, the holy land of revolution, when the revolution was in difficulty, Huang Ziwen led the self-defense force and the mass uprising in Lingqian Township, Wuzi District, Sanyuan County.The uprising troops were organized into the first detachment of the Weibei Corps, and fought frequent and fierce battles in Sanyuan, Jingyang, Fuping, Yaoxian, Tongguan, Chunhua, Xunyi, and Chunyao and Chishui in the Guanzhong Division of Weibei.In order to welcome the liberation of Sanyuan, in January 1949, the first detachment was changed to the Sanyuan brigade, and the battle at Luqiao on May 13 became the last battle of our army in the liberation war.That night, our troops entered Sanyuan County, and changed from fighting to city defense, bridge defense, and bandit clearing. In January 1950, the Sanyuan Brigade was organized into an independent battalion of the Sanyuan Military Division.

With the victory of the Anti-Japanese War in August 1945, the contradiction between the Chinese nation and Japanese imperialism became a secondary contradiction, and the contradiction between the Chinese people and the Kuomintang reactionaries rose to the main contradiction, and civil war was inevitable. In May 1946, the Kuomintang army launched a full-scale attack on the liberated areas of the country.At this time, Huang Ziwen and I were preparing to organize an armed rebellion against the Kuomintang reactionaries. Huang Ziwen said that "revolutionary intellectuals, young people, peasants and armed forces are necessary for revolution, and we must try to seize the political power and armed forces of Lingqian Township of the Kuomintang."Later, Huang Ziwen managed to get rid of Niu Yaotang, the mayor of Lingqian Township, appointed a progressive as the mayor, and elected Guo Lisan, a member of the Communist Party, as the chairman of the Lingqian Township Township Representative Association and a senator in the Sanyuan County Senate. In June 1946, the Kuomintang launched a full-scale civil war. We planned to set up three guerrilla groups in Lingqian Township. Huang Ziwen was on the bank of the West River, Huang Zixiang was on the bank of the East River, and I was preparing to form a guerrilla group in the original center. In September, Mu Tao, deputy head of Lingqian Township, resigned. I was instructed by the Shaanxi Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, presided over by Guo Lisan.At the same time, through the help of his classmate Liu Yuheng, Fei Ziwen got the position of instructor in the garrison area of ​​Ling, Ma, Bai, and Cuo Townships in Sanyuan County. In March 1947, Cui Songtao, the mayor of Lingqian Township, resigned, and Huang Ziwen was elected as the mayor of Lingqian Township by the Township Representatives of Lingqian Township. 1,000 rounds of bullets and dozens of grenades. In the spring of 1947, the Kuomintang army shifted from an all-out attack to a key attack on Shandong and northern Shaanxi. On February 14, Liao Ang, commander of the 76th division of Jiang Hujun's reorganization, commanded the reorganization of the 24th, 123rd, and 165th brigades, and Zhong Song, commander of the reorganization 36th division, commanded the reorganization of the 12th and 48th brigades to attack the Guanzhong sub-region of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region. bar town. On March 19, the enemy occupied Yan'an, the holy land of revolution.At this time, Huang Ziwen and I studied the specific plan of the uprising, analyzed the political situation of the members leading the uprising, personnel, sources of weapons funds, and asked the party organization for instructions.

On a certain day in late March 1947, when there was a meeting in Lingqian Town, Huang Ziwen, Huang Zixiang, Guo Lisan and I discussed the uprising in the bedroom of Zhang Xiancheng, the shopkeeper of Tiancheng Heliang Store in Lingqian Town.At the same time, Huang Ziwen asked Lan Zijing, the security chief of Chunyao County who broke out from the Guanzhong Division, to go to Lao Madi, Chishui County, Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region, and report to Tan Guofan, Secretary of the Weibei Working Committee of the Communist Party of China and Commander-in-Chief of Wei, about the plan to prepare for the uprising.Tan Guofan reported the preparations for the mausoleum uprising to the Guanzhong Prefectural Committee of the Communist Party of China. In mid-April, Huang Ziwen, Lan Zijing, myself and Sun Yijun, the principal of Liulin in Chunyao County, discussed the uprising plan again at Lan Zijing's home in Xihe Village, Lingqian Township.Lan Zijing conveyed the instructions of his superiors, saying: "The uprising troops are called self-rescue troops, and they can be active anywhere."I will ask for instructions again. The specific plan is to take advantage of the Dazhai Baohan Temple Fair in Lingqian Township to invite Sanyuan County Magistrate Zhang Fajie, Xiyang Township, Changsun Township, Ma'e Township, and Fuping on the eighth day of the third month of the lunar calendar (May 8th in the Gregorian calendar). The head of Dancun Township of County and Luqiao Township of Jingyang County went to the meeting to watch a play as bait, detained them and announced the uprising.After the meeting, Sun Yijun reported the plan of the uprising to Guo Jinting, secretary of the CPC Chunyao County Party Committee, and went to Chishui County with Tian Zhijie, the chief of the education section of Chunyao County, to Lu Jianren, the political commissar of the Southern Command Army Department of the Guanzhong Army Division, and the security director of the Guanzhong Division's special agency. Ren Chengyu made a report and telegraphed Xi Zhongxun, secretary of the Northwest Bureau of the CPC Central Committee.

On the evening of May 4, 1947, our police brigade attacked Yao County. On the morning of the 5th, Township Chief Zhao Tingjiang went to the No. 1 Central Primary School of Lingqian Township and informed me: "Yaoxian County has been bombarded. Mayor Huang invites you to go back to the township office." E town waits for an opportunity to confiscate the guns of the Ma'e Township Self-Defense Force, and you mobilize the self-defense team members in the township to gather at the township office at home." I immediately sent Li Jiamou, the villager, to each security to inform the self-defense team to gather at the township office, and called the third security chief , cousin Sun Jingyuan stood by the telephone in the township office and monitored the developments in Ma'e Township. At three or four in the afternoon, Huang Ziwen returned to Houjiapu from Ma'e Town and said to me on the west side of the old pond in front of the city gate: "Ma'e Township Township Chang An Zhongyang doesn’t use the Internet, so I ask my eldest brother (Huang Zixiang) to do work.”After finishing speaking, I rode my bicycle to find Huang Zixiang.That night, Huang Zixiang went to Ma'e Town and told An Zhongyang, "Zhongyang, we live together. The Eighth Route Army is here. We need to fight together, we need to walk together, and we should take care of each other."After hearing Huang Zixiang's words, An Zhongyang took more than 30 people from the Ma'e Township Self-Defense Force to live with the Lingqian Township Self-Defense Force in Pozibao, Ma'e Township. In the middle of the night on the 5th, Huang Zixiang invited An Zhongyang to discuss matters at the headquarters of the Self-Defense Force in Lingqian Township.When Ann arrived, he was shot.Then, Li Huaixi, the deputy of the township team of Ma'e Township, was invited to discuss the matter and follow the same pattern.Finally, all the self-defense forces of Ma'e Township were disarmed, and more than 30 people including Chang'an Zhongyang, the enemy township, were taken alive. They handed over 1 Czech-style light machine gun, 26 long and short guns, 3,500 rounds of bullets, and more than 20 grenades.

On the 6th, the troops posted a notice from the headquarters and political department of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia-Shandong-Sui Joint Defense Force in Lingqian Town, confiscated a pistol from an officer of the 1st Cavalry Brigade who had been dispersed by our 1st Police Brigade, and brought two phone calls. member.In the evening, more than 100 people from the uprising troops gathered in Xiaodaokou Village for reorganization, and Lan Zijing spoke on behalf of the party organization.At night, the troops marched towards Mount Yetai, Chunyao County, Shanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region via Suncun, Hongshui, and Zuitou. On the 7th, I went to Shangchangshe Village, Fangli District, Chunhua County for breakfast.The troops rested, and Mu Tianxiang and I went to the home of Wu Huaiyu, the former wife and brother of Cuijia in Chunyao County, and asked the local comrades to send Shi Yi (my party code name), Mu Tian A letter signed by Xiang, reporting that the uprising troops in front of the mausoleum had arrived at Changshe Village in front of Yetai Mountain. Talking about Guofan at 3 or 4 p.m. Yao Dan received the uprising troops led by Huang Ziwen and Huang Zixiang.The troops crossed Yetai Mountain and arrived at Cuijiayuan, Chunyao County.Xi Zhongxun, secretary of the Northwest Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, sent a telegram to express his condolences and instructed the troops on the course of action.The instruction said: "When the environment is good, the troops will go to the Weibei Plain for activities. When the environment is bad, the troops will be pulled back to the border area to rest." He wrote "The Beginning and End of the Huang Ziwen Uprising" and reported it to his superiors.

On May 9, in Yaojiahe, Chunyao County, Zhang Zhongtao, head of the organization of the Weibei Working Committee of the Communist Party of China, announced on behalf of the Weibei Working Committee of the Communist Party of China that the uprising troops had been organized into the first team of the Weibei Corps, with Huang Zixiang as the team leader and Huang Ziwen as the deputy team leader. Tianxiang was the chief of staff, and I was the political director.Jurisdiction over two brigades.Zhang Yunhe, captain of the first brigade (rebelled on September 10), and Chen Xinmin, captain of the second brigade.Soon, the Sanyuan County Independent Squadron was organized into the third brigade, and Wu Ricong served as a political instructor.In order to strengthen the leadership of the troops, the party organization transferred Muyi (Yang Shunyu) as the deputy captain of the first brigade on the 10th, and Li Pote (Liu Duorong) as the political instructor of the second brigade. On the 11th, Zhang Xiaode was transferred to be the political commissar of the detachment . In June, the third brigade was transferred away.The organization allocated Jiao Zhide, Liu Hanchen, and Wang Chundan from Xiyang Township, Sanyuan County, to the first brigade and organized it into the third brigade, with Jiao Zhide as the captain, Bao Kegang as the political instructor of the first brigade, and Lu Dingjun as the second brigade instructor. On October 6, Sun Shengcai (Sun Xubin) came to serve as the deputy captain of the first brigade.

During the Lingqian uprising, Mu Tianxiang was the deputy captain of the Lingqian Township Self-Defense Force, and Li Zichao was the deputy director of the household registration of Lingqian Township.There are more than 30 people in the Lingqian Township Self-Defense Force.