Chapter 24 2. Protection and development of Zhou Enlai's former residence

The former residence of Zhou Enlai is a national key cultural relics protection unit.There are currently 32 bungalows with green bricks, small tiles and wood structures from Xianfeng to Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty, covering an area of ​​more than 1,960 square meters.This is the birthplace of Premier Zhou Enlai, who is admired all over the world. It is the cradle of this great man's childhood from one to twelve years old. Now it has become a commemorative place for people at home and abroad to pay tribute to Premier Zhou's glorious life. It is a history classroom for young people to receive revolutionary traditional education. It is one of the "100 National Primary and Secondary School Patriotic Education Bases".

Zhou Enlai's former residence, from the perspective of its cultural relics, belongs to the category of using the birthplace of modern historical figures and former residence buildings as exhibition halls.Since its official opening to the outside world in March 1979, it has experienced three different periods of development and withstood three severe tests in the past 20 years. One is the early days of the opening of Zhou Enlai's former residence, when the house was dilapidated and there were no cultural relics.In order to restore the former residence to the original display when Zhou Enlai left home for the Northeast in 1910, our work focuses on collecting and rescuing revolutionary cultural relics.The former residence of Zhou Enlai was jointly bought by Premier Zhou's grandfather Zhou Panlong and his second brother Zhou Hai when they came to Huai'an as officials. It consists of two houses connected from east to west.The East Courtyard is the birthplace of Zhou Enlai and the place where he studied and lived in his childhood. We display it in its original state, "keeping the old as it is", without destroying the original historical reality, and strive to be solemn and simple.In order to display the former residence of Zhou Enlai, the staff of our embassy worked tirelessly and visited more than 40 people who had worked with Premier Zhou and Sister Deng, and more than 30 relatives of Premier Zhou. One hundred and thirty-five person-times collected cultural relics, one hundred and eighty-six pictures (pictures), and three hundred and forty-six information cards, thus ensuring that the former residence was officially exhibited on March 5, 1979.

The second is that when the Zhou Enlai Memorial Hall was completed, due to the division of labor between the newly completed memorial hall and the former residence, all the pictures, historical materials, and cultural relics of the "Zhou Enlai Life Photo Exhibition" in the former residence of the former residence were handed over to the exhibition hall of the memorial hall for display. up.This raises a question: what about the auxiliary display of the former residence?After research and discussion, we decided to make use of the advantages and individual characteristics of the former residence, and newly opened five parts for the display of Zhou Enlai's family history, childhood, hometown, and people's nostalgia and commemorative calligraphy and paintings.This distinctive display, as a supplement, development and deepening of the display of Premier Zhou's life pictures in the Zhou Enlai Memorial Hall, makes Zhou Enlai's family background, childhood, birthplace and former residence quite prominent, which is very important for the audience to comprehensively and systematically understand the great historical man Zhou Enlai. benefit.Since its opening, it has received more than 10 million visitors from all walks of life at home and abroad, including party and state leaders Jiang Zemin, Li Peng, Hu Yaobang, Wei Jianxing, Li Lanqing, Qiao Shi, Song Ping, Wen Jiabao, Li Tieying, etc., all of whom gave unanimous praise .

The third is that after the "14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China", the revolutionary memorial hall is facing the impact of the tide of market economy, and Zhou Enlai's former residence is no exception.The average monthly number of visitors has dropped sharply from more than 30,000 in the past to about 6,000. The city's annual financial allocation is only enough to pay one-third of the staff's salary, plus cultural relic maintenance fees, data collection fees, water and electricity fees, Expenditures such as postal and telecommunications fees, business travel expenses, and office expenses are increasing day by day, with a contrast between income and expenditure, and a large funding gap.Faced with this situation, on the one hand, the new team of the former residence management office strengthened internal management, formulated and implemented more than 50 rules and regulations including financial management, and tightened various expenditures; ) to the State Administration of Cultural Heritage and the Provincial Department of Culture to apply for funds for the maintenance of cultural relics; internally established the "Zhou Enlai Former Residence Tourism Service Company", which consists of the External Exhibition Department, the Operation Department, the Catering Department, the Information Department, the Photography Department, and the Decoration Department. Ministry, arrange the surplus personnel in the former residence to the main posts of the tertiary industry.At present, the exhibition "Deng Yingchao's Brilliant Life", the large-scale photo exhibition "Our Chief Designer Deng Xiaoping", the photo exhibition "Zhou Enlai's Diplomatic Style", and the "Calligraphy and Painting Exhibition in Commemoration of Zhou Enlai", etc., have received hundreds of thousands of visitors , to achieve better social and economic benefits.

In the process of protecting and developing Zhou Enlai's former residence, we adhered to the management principle of "safety first, social benefits first, and economic benefits second", and achieved certain results.Over the years, it has achieved safety and no accidents, and has become an advanced unit of public security and fire protection at the provincial, city and county levels, an advanced collective of cultural relics safety, and a civilized unit at the Huaiyin city level.Our experience is: (1) Having a leadership team with a pioneering spirit, a strong sense of professionalism, and capable leadership is the organizational guarantee for the development of cultural and museum undertakings.At the beginning of July 1994, the municipal party committee adjusted the leadership team of Zhou Enlai's former residence management office, and selected a younger comrade with good political quality and strong management ability from the Zhou Enlai Memorial Hall to serve as the director of the management office.The members of the adjusted team have a clear division of labor and the courage to take responsibility, which quickly helped Zhou Enlai's former residence out of the predicament and changed its appearance.

(2) Giving full play to the educational function of Zhou Enlai's former residence, organizing the audience in every possible way, and maximizing social benefits are important tasks for the development of cultural and museum undertakings.We pay attention to giving full play to our own characteristics, earnestly hold the photo exhibition of Zhou Enlai and Deng Yingchao's revolutionary achievements, and at the same time make good horizontal connections, carry out the "Friends of the Memorial Hall" activity, unite more than 30 Zhou Enlai memorial sites across the country, and successively introduce the Zhou Mansion in Shanghai Temporary exhibitions such as the "Zhou Enlai in Shanghai" photo exhibition, and the "Our Chief Designer Deng Xiaoping" large-scale photo exhibition at the Meiyuan Xincun Memorial Hall in Nanjing.He also edited and published "Comrade Zhou Enlai's Former Residence", "Selected Collections of Zhou Enlai's Former Residence", "Selected Collection of Prime Minister Zhou Enlai's Poems, Famous Quotes, Letters and Hard Pen Calligraphy", "Zhou Enlai and His Career" and other cultural relics promotional materials to enrich the content of publicity and education.The first lesson for freshmen in primary and middle schools in Huaicheng is to go to the former residence of Premier Zhou to receive education in the communist outlook on life.Xin'an Primary School launched the "Grandpa Zhou Twelve I Twelve" activity for the graduating class.Shaohu Elementary School will hold a speech event on "Tonghuai Panasonic's Thoughts" on Premier Zhou's memorial day on January 8 and his birthday on March 5.The Primary School Attached to Huai Teachers College carried out the "Four Learnings" (learning to be a person, learning to seek knowledge, learning to do things, learning to keep fit), striving to be a "four haves" new personality activity.Huai'an Middle School has carried out the activity of "Learn from the Prime Minister and Create Three Goods" for 20 consecutive years. The achievement exhibition of "Learn from the Prime Minister and Create Three Goods" held by them was well received by the Provincial Education Commission.The Youth League Committee of Huai'an Normal School and Huaiyin Agricultural School also often organize students to go to the former residence to perform duties and participate in voluntary labor.All units came to Zhou Enlai's former residence to carry out activities, and we all cooperated closely to do a good job in service.

In order to expand publicity, we also went out of the museum to promote educational activities to the society. We successively gave party classes, held special lectures and reports for Huaiyin Agricultural School, Huai'an Normal School, Huai'an Fertilizer Factory, Nanhua Company and other units. Number of educated people 100,000 passengers. (3) Further strengthen cultural relics safety and other management work, which is an important guarantee for the development of cultural relics.One is to strengthen safety management.Zhou Enlai's former residence is an ancient building, so fire prevention is very important.We have enriched our security forces, added security facilities, improved our security system, and implemented a security responsibility system.The management office regularly carries out safety inspection activities, and when unsafe hidden dangers such as power distribution rooms and lighting lines are found, they are rectified in a timely manner to prevent accidents from happening.The second is to establish "four haves" scientific management.Delineate the protection scope and building control area for Zhou Enlai's former residence, establish scientific records and archives and various forms of protection organizations to make it professional and institutionalized.Because of this, the former residence has become a civilized unit in Huaiyin City and an advanced unit in the "four haves" work.The third is to strengthen the clearing of warehouses and the establishment of archives and the identification and confirmation of first- and second-level revolutionary cultural relics collections to prevent mildew, insects, fire, theft, and vandalism to ensure the safety of cultural relics and historical materials.

(4) Carrying out academic research is an important part of the development of cultural and museum undertakings.In 1993, we initiated and established the Zhou Enlai Research Association, organized members to participate in the "Mao Zedong and Zhou Enlai" academic seminar held in Zhou Enlai's former residence to commemorate the 95th anniversary of Zhou Enlai's birth and the 100th anniversary of Mao Zedong's birth, and mobilized members Wrote nearly 100 academic papers on Zhou Enlai research and dynamic news of Zhou Enlai Research Association, among which "Zhou Enlai's early theoretical contribution to the construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics" was selected into the academic seminar jointly organized by the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China for exchange , and was first published in the journal "Jiangsu Economic Discussion" of Jiangsu Academy of Social Sciences.In addition, he also edited and published three issues of "Zhou Enlai Research Newsletter", which was approved by Li Qi, a consultant of the Central Literature Research Office, and praised by academics.The academic activities and achievements of Zhou Enlai Research Association have been published in "Beijing Weekly > Japanese Edition", "Huasheng Daily", "Guangming Daily", "China Cultural Relics News", "Chinese Culture News", "Communist Party History Newsletter", International Radio Station And other news media dissemination, produced a certain political influence and publicity effect.

(5) Vigorously develop the tertiary industry and actively focus on generating income, which is the key to the development of the cultural and museum industry under the new situation.The most important thing at present is that the staff of the memorial hall should update their concepts, dare to break through the long-established traditional working ideas and models, take the initiative to get close to the main battlefield of economic construction, and adapt to the new challenges of the market economic system.While focusing on the main theme of patriotism and revolutionary traditional education, we also paid attention to the advantages of "celebrity effect", set up "Zhou Enlai's former residence tourism service company", tried every means to generate income, and effectively achieved "multi-industry support, with auxiliary Yangwen".We firmly believe that as long as we continue to do so, we will surely make new breakthroughs in the social and economic benefits of Zhou Enlai's former residence.