Chapter 13 Teaching relatives to "pass the five barriers"

During the Three Kingdoms period in ancient my country, there was a hero Guan Yunchang who "passed five passes and killed six generals", which is already well-known.Premier Zhou Enlai, who consciously served the people wholeheartedly as his sole purpose, taught his relatives to "pass the five barriers" many times before his death. life off".In May 1963, Zhou Enlai talked about the issue of "passing the five tests" to his nephews and relatives.In August 1964, many of Zhou Enlai’s relatives in other places were staying in Beijing on business. Zhou Enlai seized this great opportunity and called them together with his relatives working in Beijing. He held two family meetings and told them the details. It tells the history of the Zhou family and makes a profound class analysis from the viewpoint of dialectical materialism.On this basis, once again teach them to "pass the five tests consciously".

The first time was on the afternoon of August 2nd.Zhou Enlai traced back to the source, from his great-grandfather to his grandfather, saying that they all worked as county magistrates. Although they had no land and houses were not rented out, they still belonged to the exploiting class.He said that he himself was originally educated in feudalism; when he was young, he was educated in bourgeois patriotism and realized that it was impossible to fight in the old family, so he had no nostalgia for the family.After joining the Communist Party of China, I studied Marxism more and more deeply, and only then did I have a deeper understanding of the family.The conclusion of this conversation is: "The feudal family is useless." Educate the younger generation to recognize the reactionary nature of the feudal class represented by this family, draw a clear line from the political thoughts and ethical and moral concepts it reflects, and learn from the workers and peasants.

Later, in a family conversation between August 10 and May 1963, I contacted specific people and specific things to teach relatives how to pass the "five tests" well. One is to teach relatives to learn to use the Marxist world outlook and methodology, consciously carry out ideological remolding, and pass the "ideological test".He first told his relatives from the shallower to the deeper, thinking is what a person thinks in his head.What to think is a big problem.Some think wrongly, and the way of thinking is wrong.what to do?You have to rely on yourself to practice one thing at a time, and only after one thing can you understand it; some people can't understand it right away.The world's problems are endless and can never be solved.So, we always have work to do, which is the dialectical materialist view.Passing the ideological barrier is what is often referred to as ideological remolding. It is to solve the problems of world outlook and outlook on life, that is, to establish a Marxist-Leninist or dialectical materialist and historical materialist world outlook and outlook on life. On Practice" and "On Contradiction", "Where Do People's Correct Thoughts Come From" Epistemology.Zhou Enlai demanded that the entire family group bound by blood must regard learning and mastering Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought as the first need of life, "live, learn, and transform until old."Zhou Enlai also used himself as an example to speak out.He said: "I'm sixty-five years old this year. Am I well-bred and don't need to be rehabilitated? I dare not say that." "It is necessary to admit that all kinds of social relations and things will affect one's thoughts. You must often reflect, exchange ideas with your comrades, and take a 'bath' frequently. You must treat thought remolding like air, otherwise your thoughts will be destroyed. It will rust, and it will be corroded.” Zhou Enlai also divided the old and young members of the relatives into three types: “The first kind of people are those who cannot create the environment themselves, and those who want to help, let the society transform them; Create an environment and consciously transform yourself; the third type of people is the party members and young people, who must keep moving forward, keep improving, don’t be complacent, and help relatives who are behind make progress together.” He finally emphasized: “Cross the ideological barrier, self-reform The extent to which it depends on whether you can be conscious and persevere.”

The second is to teach relatives to stand on the standpoint of the proletarian masses, serve the people wholeheartedly as the starting point and destination of observing, analyzing, and dealing with problems, and pass the "political barrier" well.When Zhou Enlai taught his relatives, he pointed out that passing the "political barrier" is mainly to "stand firm on the political standpoint of the proletariat." "We must first help others, and second, we must always check whether we have stood firm; Communist Party members must often test themselves in the struggle to see if they have stood firm." Said these, the intention is to warn relatives, the matter is not related to On issues of fundamental principles such as political belief, political direction, and political discipline, we must "distinguish between likes and dislikes" and maintain a firm proletarian political stance in the face of thoughts and actions related to the country, the people, and the cause of socialism.

The third is to teach relatives to consciously break with all outdated traditional habits, traditional relationships, and traditional concepts in the most thorough way, so as to pass the "social barrier".In family education, Zhou Enlai not only set an example to teach his relatives to live in the world to be fair and honest, such as "no favoritism, no specialness, no courtesy, no credit, and no old-fashioned" life principles, but also taught by example to guide relatives to correctly handle themselves and their former ancestral houses. Gradually achieve a complete break with "traditional ownership" and "traditional ideas", and pass the "social barrier".Especially in the complex domestic and international social environment, we must be good at transforming society, and not be influenced and eroded by old and backward things.

The fourth is to educate relatives to negate the feudal kinship relationship, build up the confidence of self-esteem, self-reliance, and self-improvement, increase the courage to struggle, be a newcomer of the era who will always strive for the top, and pass the "kinship barrier" well.Passing the kinship test refers to using correct thoughts to influence relatives, and not to be influenced by relatives' bad things.Zhou Enlai told everyone a vivid story with great interest: There was an old tram driver who had worked for more than 30 years and was an old party member.He works alone and supports a family of seven, and his life is relatively difficult.The whole family lives in one house and uses one towel, but they have a good time.When he came back from get off work, he often told the whole family about the history of the party, saying that without the Communist Party, we would have starved to death.He has a daughter who is a bit delicate. The school organizes labor in the countryside. She doesn't go. When asked why, she said that she is afraid of getting sunburned and she will not be an actress in the future.My father got angry and said, "Today I must make a mistake!" Then he went up and slapped her: "You want to be an actor, I have no objection, but you want to be an actor for workers and peasants. What are blacks afraid of?  … ..." Zhou Enlai went on to say: You see how distinct the family's class feelings are!We come from the old family, and I will lead you to surrender to the proletariat.Of course, negating feudal kinship does not mean eliminating them, but transforming them, dragging them along with the proletariat, and transforming them into new people.

The fifth is to teach relatives to develop the habit of hard work and plain living. In daily life and work practice, they should be diligent and thrifty, start a business with hard work, strive for self-improvement, work hard, and live a good life.Zhou Enlai emphasized that how a party and government cadre and his family members deal with life problems, whether they are diligent and thrifty in housekeeping and hard work, or they are extravagant and extravagant, will not only directly affect the atmosphere of the party, the people and the whole society, but also directly affect the modernization. The success or failure of construction and the future destiny of the country.In order to enable relatives to truly understand the connotation of "Life Pass", he brilliantly elaborated: "There are two kinds of life pass: material life and spiritual life." In terms of material life, "we must make hardship and simplicity our virtue. In this way , we will be in a good mood, so that we can save on individuals, increase welfare for the collective, increase accumulation for the country, and build our country into a socialist power faster.” “In terms of spiritual life, we should put our whole body and mind on In the cause of communism, we should worry about the suffering of the people and the future of the world. In this way, our sense of political responsibility will be strengthened, and our spiritual realm will be elevated.” Zhou Enlai pointed out in particular: “The kind of vulgar, low-level, barbaric Terrible, depraved and corrupt things are products of the bourgeoisie and feudal society. We should resolutely criticize and oppose them. We cannot treat them with a bureaucratic attitude and tolerate them. These things are not only harmful to us, but even more harmful to the growth of the younger generation. ".For this reason, he earnestly taught his relatives: We should not only consciously incorporate the spirit of hard work into our daily life of food, clothing, housing, and transportation, "do careful planning, be diligent and frugal, and save a dime to benefit the world", but also consciously integrate the spirit of hard work into our daily lives. The spirit runs through the actual work in their respective industries, "do hard work, selfless labor, and create blessings for future generations."

When commemorating the centenary of Zhou Enlai's birth, we revisit his glorious thought of "passing the five barriers" for self-discipline and education. Undoubtedly, it still has great practical and far-reaching historical significance.