Chapter 7 less tourist attractions

Huai'an, the hometown of Zhou Enlai, is located in the lower reaches of the Huaihe River, in the hinterland of northern Jiangsu. It is known as the "Magnificent First State in Southeast China".As one of the birthplaces of ancient culture in the Jianghuai River Basin, Huai'an has a history dating back more than 5,000 years.The "Qingliangang Culture" of the Neolithic Age was named after Qingliangang discovered in Huai'an.The county was built in the sixth year of Yuanshou (117 B.C.) by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, more than 2,000 years ago; the city was built in the early Eastern Jin Dynasty; Shanyang County was established in the seventh year of Yixi (411 A.D.) ; Southern Qi Yongming seven years (four hundred and eighty-nine years) began to call Huai'an.From the establishment of the county in the seventh year of Yixi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty to the 1,600 years in the late Qing Dynasty, Huai'an has long been the seat of the county, state, road, and government, and has become a long-lasting political, cultural, transportation, and commercial center in the Jianghuai River Basin. .

Huai'an is also a place where humanities gather together, celebrities come forth in large numbers, and there are many places of interest. Han Xin, one of the "Three Heroes of Prospering the Han Dynasty", Mei Cheng and Mei Gao, masters of Han Fu, Chen Lin, one of the "Seven Sons of Jian'an", Zhao Gu and Zhang Lei, poets of Tang and Song Dynasties, Liang Hongyu, a heroine, Wu Chengen, a master of literature in Ming Dynasty, The hero Guan Tianpei is admired and cherished by people.Qingliangang Ancient Cultural Site, Wentong Tower, Jin Dynasty Bell, Guan Zhongjie Gong Temple and Guan Tianpei Tomb, as well as a number of scenic spots such as the ancient city wall, Dongyue Temple, Hanhou Diaotai, Wu Chengen's former residence, Shaohu Park, etc. Attracting many Chinese and foreign people, it inspires people's daydreams, teases people's thoughts, and makes people linger and forget to return.

Huai'an in Zhou Enlai's youth still retains the prosperous evening scene like the afterglow of the setting sun.When Zhou Enlai was not studying, he often accompanied his stepmother Chen and nurse Jiang Jiang to visit the Jianghuai River, enjoy the natural and cultural landscapes of his hometown, receive patriotic education and learn beneficial cultural qualities. Once after the private school was over, the young Enlai pestered his stepmother, Mrs. Chen, to take him to the ancestral hall of Guan Zhongjie.A few days ago, the story of "Guan Tianpei's bloody battle against Humen" told him by Chen's mother still lingered in his ears: Guan Tianpei was born in Ximazhuang, Huai'an, and he was a martial artist when he was young.During the Opium War, he was the commander of the Guangdong Navy and actively assisted Lin Zexu to fight against the British by burning smoke.Later, the emperor was afraid of foreign devils and removed Lin Zexu from his position.Guan Tianpei went to the front line in person, stood firm on the fort, commanded the soldiers to fight to the death with the foreign devils, and unfortunately was shot and died. When he died, he was still standing on the gun, glaring at the British invaders.Although Guan Tianpei died heroically for the country, the court was forced by the people's will and still named him "Zhongjie Gong", and built a "Guan Zhongjie Gong Temple" for him on Xiandong Street in the city.Hearing this, the tears in Xiao Enlai's eyes fell straight down... After passing the majestic and tall Zhenhuai Tower in the center of the city, and walking eastward for a few steps, he saw "Guan Zhongjie Ancestral Hall" with five gold letters on a black background horizontal plaque.This is a courtyard facing south. In the courtyard with flower windows, there are lush pines and cypresses, rare flowers and plants, as well as stele pavilions and elegiac couplets.There was an endless stream of people who came to offer sacrifices.Enlai and Chen's mother stepped into the courtyard of the ancestral hall, and saw three halls of worship in front of them.On the altar, the colorful statue of Guan Tianpei is mighty and lifelike. You can see him with a helmet on his head and a full body of armor.A pair of deputy generals "You Wen" and "Zuo Wu" were separated on both sides, holding books and holding swords, lifelike.On both sides of the gate of the hall are elegiac couplets written by Lin Zexu, governor of Guangdong and Guangxi:

Mother Chen explained the meaning of the elegiac couplet to Daluan.During Guan Tianpei's tenure as the admiral of the Guangdong Navy, he worked hard for six years to build the coastal defense as solid as gold soup, but was destroyed by treacherous ministers and traitors.At that time, the imperial court was corrupt, General Guan served the country with death, and regarded death as home. He heard that his body would not collapse after death. Even the "heterogeneous" British invaders praised him for his great national integrity!When the corpse was transported away, cannons were fired to see him off... The elders in his hometown were moved by his national soul, so they raised money to buy a coffin and put on clothes for the funeral, and buried this national hero in the cemetery of Yao Village in the southeast of the city.The tomb contained only Guan Tianpei's body, a few pieces of clothing, a lock of hair and a few lost teeth...

After listening to Chen's mother's introduction, Daluan looked back at the statue in awe. He seemed to see the scene where General Guan led the navy officers and soldiers to fight the British invaders desperately; he also seemed to hear the rumble of the gunfire he personally set off at that time. ... Daluan stood in front of the statue, admiring national heroes like Guan Tianpei from the bottom of his heart.Before leaving, in order to show his respect for General Guan, he bowed respectfully to the statue of General Guan.Enlai, a young man, was hit hard by the spirit of saving the nation.Until 1939, when Zhou En came back to Shaoxing to promote the unity of the Anti-Japanese War, he also talked about the couplet in front of the shrine, encouraging everyone not to forget Guan Tianpei's national integrity.

The young Enlai and his friends once took a small boat in Wenquli, went out of Beishuiguan, went to Beichenfang in Hexia, and visited the ancestral hall of Liang Hongyu, an anti-golden heroine in Song Dynasty.Enlai once heard the story of Liang Hongyu beating drums to fight against Jin soldiers.Liang Hongyu was born in Huai'an in a poor family. When she was young, she helped her parents weave catkin bags for a living.Jin soldiers invaded south, and Liang Hongyu and his mother fled to Jingkou.After getting acquainted with Han Shizhong, he assisted him in making outstanding achievements, especially in the battle of Jingkou.At that time, Jin Wushu led tens of thousands of elite soldiers and hundreds of warships across the south of the Yangtze River.Liang Hongyu and her husband Han Shizhong, who guarded Jingkou, had only 7,000 subordinates, and the strength of the enemy and ourselves was very different.Liang Hongyu took the lead, calm and calm, and braved the arrows to beat the drums and direct the battle.The morale of the Song army was greatly boosted, and they won a complete victory in the night battle and morning battle.The imperial court successively named her "Mrs. Anguo" and "Mrs. Yanguo".Later, to commemorate her, the people in her hometown built Liang Hongyu's ancestral hall in the place where she was born.Now, Xiao Enlai is very excited to be able to visit the ancestral hall of this heroine in person.Liang Hongyu Temple is hidden among green pines and green cypresses.Step into the gate and walk through a green brick path, which is the main hall.In the middle of the main hall is a heroic statue of Liang Hongyu in military uniform with a sword hanging on his waist. On both sides of the statue stands a statue of a heroic and heroic female soldier.The ashes of the old incense remain in the censer before the statue.On the lacquered vertical couplets on both sides of the statue is a striking couplet:

The young Enlai stood in front of the portrait for a long time, thinking about the profound meaning of this couplet.Yes, throughout the ages, how can those dignified men who have wasted their lives in mediocrity, not feel "ashamed" compared with this "beauty" who "destroys the enemy"? Zhou Enlai was particularly impressed with this boat tour.Until 1958, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, when he received the "parents" from his hometown, he asked with concern whether the Wenqu was blocked, and fondly recalled that he and a few friends quietly knocked off the lock when he was a child. , The scene of a boat trip.

When Xiao Enlai was eight years old, he and his cousin Wan Xusheng once visited the Yuewumu Ancestral Hall in Huaiyin under the guidance of the teacher of the Chen Family Garden School.This ancestral hall is located in an open space on the back street, with stone-paved roads at the foot, and after walking for a while, there are stone steps.Enlai and Xusheng stepped into the temple gate hand in hand, and saw a huge colorful statue facing each other on the shrine.Yue Fei sat there dignified and upright, with his head raised slightly, his eyes piercing, his hands half clenched on his knees, his back straight.There is a horizontal plaque on the top of the shrine, with four strong cursive characters "Return my rivers and mountains" written on it, and the couplets on both sides are respectively engraved with official script "Thirty achievements, dust and soil", "Eight thousand miles of road, cloud and moon". famous phrases.On the four walls of the main hall, there are magnificent "Manjianghong" and inscriptions of poems and poems of celebrities in the past dynasties.Enlai stared at the heroic and extraordinary statue of Yue Fei for a long time, and the tragic stories of "mother-in-law's tattoo", "appreciation of teacher Zhu Ni", "Zhu Xianzhen's victory", "Fengbo Pavilion murder" and other tragic stories flashed in his mind like a movie. Can't be calm.When he came to the inscription, one of the seven verses caught his attention:

The thought of the young Enlai resonated with this poem. He also served the country loyally for this national hero, but he died in Fengboting because of "unreasonable" charges.Historical heroes such as Yue Fei left an indelible impression in the heart of the young Enlai, which had a certain influence on the formation of his patriotic ambitions and political orientation.When Zhou Enlai was the editor-in-chief of the Nankai School's "Jingye" journal, he used the pseudonym "Feifei" to open up a column "Feifei Manmo" in the fourth to sixth issues of the newspaper in 1916, writing various genres. works to reflect the social reality of the time.Most of these works are memories of the stories of visiting famous places in the Jianghuai River.The above-mentioned poem was also published word by word in the column of "Fei Fei Man Mo" through memory, and commented: "The words are desolate and tearful, and the meaning is novel and out of the group. Taibai is both." Zhou Enlai also recalled affectionately in another "Sheyang Recalling the Past": "Huaiyin was a famous county in ancient times, and it strangled the hub of the north of the Yangtze River. The tunnels that must be passed through. I am a native of Zhejiang. Since my elder father was an eunuch in Wu Province, I moved to Yan. I was born in Si, grew up in Si, and gradually became a native of Huai. What I hear and see is also It’s nothing more than a Huaihe event.” Zhou Enlai’s “Small Tour of the Jianghuai River and a Survey of Scenic Spots” has a wide range of interests, deep impressions, and great influences, which can be seen.