In the Western Han Dynasty, from the founding of the country by Liu Bang, the great ancestor, through Emperor Hui, Wen, and Emperor Jing, to the beginning of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, "Han flourished for more than 60 years, Ai'an in the sea, and the treasury was full." ("Hanshu Gongsun Hongbu Shierkuan Biography") During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, although he was a great man, he was very ambitious, aggressive and lived in luxury.Due to "the merits of the foreign affairs and the barbarians, the internal prosperity is good, the confiscation is troublesome, and the people are poor" ("Han Shu Criminal Law Records"), in the later years of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, the Han Dynasty was "vain at home, and the household registration was halved." . ("Hanshu · Emperor Zhaoji") Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty's years of wars and extravagance led to an empty treasury. In order to make up for the expenses, Emperor Wu of the Han allowed officials and criminals to redeem their crimes with money. "Insufficient expenditure is to make all changes, so that those who break the law will atone for their sins, and those who enter the valley will make up for officials. This is the world's extravagance, the officials are chaotic and the people are poor, thieves and thieves rise together, and many people go into exile." ("Han Shu Gongyu Biography") The government is chaotic, the rich get richer and the poor get poorer, social conflicts intensify day by day, and there are uprisings everywhere. "The people are poor and wasteful, and the poor break the law." ("Hanshu·Criminal Law") "Thieves are growing. Nanyang has Mei Mian and Bai Zheng, Chu has Duan Zhong and Du Shao, Qi has Xu Bo, Yan and Zhao There are Jianlu and Fanzhu's genus. A large group of thousands of people, without authorization, attacked the city, captured the treasury soldiers, released the death penalty, bound and humiliated the county guard and captain, and killed two thousand stones, in order to inform the county to become food; Small groups number in the hundreds, and those who plunder the villages cannot be counted." ("Hanshu·Biography of the Cruel Officials") Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty adopted a policy of appointing cruel officials such as Zhang Tang, Zhao Yu, Wang Wenshu, Xianxuan, Yin Qi, and Yang Pu , to implement a brutal high-pressure policy.Before Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, from Gaozu to Emperor Jing, there were four generations of emperors. "Hanshu·Biography of Cool Officials" only included two cruel officials, but in the Han Dynasty, there were eleven cruel officials.

The punishment was increased again and again.The number of laws and regulations increased from nine chapters when Liu Bang was in power in the early Han Dynasty to three hundred and fifty-nine chapters. There are only one major chapter, and there are 409 articles and 1,882 items.Taking the death penalty as an example, there are as many as 13,472 criminal laws. "The documents are abundant in several pavilions, and the coders cannot see them all." ("Hanshu·Criminal Law") Even such harsh punishments still could not prevent the desperate people from revolting. Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty always hoped to submit to Siyi.But until his death, the Siyi problem was not really resolved.Because of internal strife, foreign strife among the Xiongnu, Xiqiang, Southwest Yi, Wuhuan and other tribes also arose.

In his later years, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, facing the precarious Han world, thought of the lessons learned from the Qin Dynasty's death in the poor people's uprising, and realized his life's mistakes. The world is sad, don't regret it." It's just that although Emperor Wu of the Han wanted to change his past, he was old and unable to recover, so he could only pass on a precarious Han community to Emperor Han Zhao who was only eight years old.