Chapter 21 Fives

Raskolnikov had already entered the room.When he came in, the expression on his face seemed to be trying his best not to burst out laughing.The embarrassed Razumihin came in after him, embarrassed, angry, flushed like a peony, clumsy and embarrassed.At this time, his whole body posture is really funny, which shows that Raskolnikov's smile is not unreasonable.Before being introduced to his master, Raskolnikov nodded to his master who was standing in the middle of the room, looking at them questioningly, and held out his hand to shake his hand, evidently still trying to suppress his joy. For emotions, it is best to be able to introduce yourself in at least a few words.But as soon as he tried to look serious, he mumbled something,—suddenly, as if involuntarily, he glanced at Razumihin again, and immediately couldn't help it: suppressed laughter The sudden outbreak, the more I endured it before, the more I can't restrain it now.Hearing this "heartfelt" laughter, Razumihin went mad with rage, and his anger added the most sincere gaiety to the present situation and, above all, made it appear more natural.

Razumihin also seemed to help on purpose, making the comedy more realistic. "Bah, hell!" He roared loudly, and with a wave of his hand, he just hit a small round table with a glass cup that had already been drunk.Everything flew up and made a clanging noise. "Why did you break the chair, gentlemen, the public will suffer!" Porfiry Petrovitch exclaimed cheerfully. ① This is a sentence from the mayor in the first scene of the first act of Gogol's "The Imperial Envoy". Then there was such a scene: Raskolnikov was still laughing, forgetting that his hand was in the master's, but he knew how to measure it, so he waited for this moment to move quickly and more naturally. Finish.The little table fell over and the glass was broken, which made Razumihin even more embarrassed and completely bewildered. He looked sullenly at the shards of glass, spat, turned sharply, and went to the window. , with his back to everyone, frowned horribly, and looked out the window sullenly, but saw nothing.Porfiry Petrovich was laughing, and would have liked to, but obviously he needed an explanation.Zametov was sitting on a chair in the corner of the wall, got up as soon as the visitor came in, stood there waiting, grinning, but looked at the scene with bewilderment, even suspicion. , and when looking at Raskolnikov, I even felt embarrassed.Zametov was also present, which Raskolnikov had not expected, and which surprised and displeased him.

"That has to be considered!" he thought. "Excuse me," he said sheepishly, "Raskolnikov..." "Well, I'm very glad, and I'm glad you've come in like this... Why, doesn't he even want to say hello?" Porfiry Petrovich nodded in Razumihin's direction. "Really, I don't know why he lost his temper with me. I just told him on the way that he was like Romeo, and... and it proved so, as if there was no other reason." "Pig!" Razumihin replied without looking back. "I lost my temper for a sentence, so there is a very important reason for it,"

Porfiry laughed. "Hmph, you! Investigator! ... Hmph, to hell with you!" said Razumihin very rudely, and suddenly he laughed himself, with a cheerful expression on his face, as if nothing had happened. He went up to Porfiry Petrovitch as if nothing had happened. "That's enough! Everyone's a fool; let's talk seriously: this is my friend, Rodion Romanitch Raskolnikov, first, I've known you for a long time, and I want to meet you, second, I have I want to talk to you about a little thing. Ah! Zametov! Why are you here? Do you know each other? Have you been friends for a long time?"

"What's going on here!" Raskolnikov thought anxiously. Zametov seemed ashamed, but not terribly embarrassed. "I met you at your house yesterday," he said casually. "So, God help me, save me the trouble: Porfiry, you kept begging me for an introduction last week, and you got together without an introduction. . . . Where's your cigarette?" Porfiry Petrovitch was dressed in a homely way, with a long gown, very clean underwear, and a pair of worn sandals.He was a man of about thirty-five years of age, under middle height, stout, even with a big belly, smooth-shaven, with neither mustache nor beard, and a head of bushy hair cut short. A short, round head with a prominent back for some reason.There is a slightly upturned nose on a fat round face, and his face is dark yellow, as if sick, but very energetic, even showing a mocking look.His face was even kindly, were it not for the destructive effect of the eyes, which shone with a faint, colorless gleam, and were shaded by almost white lashes, which kept blinking as if Winking at someone.Somehow his gaze was out of harmony with his almost womanly whole figure, and so made him appear more serious than might be expected at first glance.

As soon as Porfiry Petrovich heard that the guest wanted to talk to him about a "little matter", he immediately invited the guest to sit on the sofa, while he himself sat on the other end of the sofa, stared at the guest, and waited eagerly. Telling what happened, and with such concentration and seriousness that it seems too much, people who come to him for the first time, especially people who have never met, especially if you think that what you have said is worthy of such special attention. His seriousness can even embarrass you and overwhelm you if it's not worth taking so seriously.But Raskolnikov explained his case clearly and precisely in a few brief and coherent sentences, so satisfied with himself that he even looked Porfiry rather carefully.Porfiry, too, had been watching him intently throughout the entire conversation.Razumihin sat across the table and listened eagerly and impatiently to his account of the matter, turning his eyes now and then from one to the other and from the other to the other. , I have lost my sense of proportion.

"Fool!" Raskolnikov cursed to himself. "You should declare to the police," replied Porfiry, earnestly, with a completely businesslike air, "that, upon learning of such a thing as this murder,--you Also request that the investigator on the case be notified that there are several items that belong to you and that you wish to redeem them... Or there... but you will be notified in writing. " "That's the problem. At the moment," Raskolnikov said, with as much embarrassment as possible, "I don't have much money. . . , you know, I just want to declare now that these things are mine, and once I have the money..."

"It's all the same," replied Porfiry Petrovitch, listening coldly to his explanation of the economic situation, "but if you like, you can write me a report directly, and that's what it means: just Say, upon learning of that case, and declaring that these things belong to me, please..." "On ordinary paper?" Raskolnikov interrupted hastily, wanting to talk about economic issues. "Oh, just on the most ordinary paper!" Porfiry Petrovitch suddenly closed his eyes for some reason, and looked at him with obvious irony, as if winking at him.Maybe it was just Raskolnikov's feeling, though, because it only lasted a split second.At least there was such a look.Raskolnikov swore he winked at him, God knows why.

"He knows!" The thought flashed through his mind like lightning. "Forgive me for troubling you about such trifles," he went on, a little flustered, "my things cost only five rubles in all, but they are very dear to me, because for the money I got them from them For people, this is a souvenir, to be honest, when I heard about it, I was even surprised..." "No wonder you were so excited when I told Zossimov yesterday that Porfiry was asking people who mortgaged things!" Razumikhin interrupted with obvious intentions. This is already too embarrassing.Raskolnikov could not bear it any longer, and gave him a venomous look from his black, burning eyes.But immediately calmed down again.

"You seem to be laughing at me, old man?" he said to Razumihin, slyly and with feigned anger. "I agree that, in your opinion, perhaps I care too much for these useless things; but I can't be considered either selfish or miser for that reason, in my It seems that these two insignificant things may be far from useless. I have just told you that this cheap silver watch is the only thing left by my late father. You laugh at me, but I Mother has come to see me," he said, turning suddenly to Porfiry, "if she knows," he turned quickly to Razumihin, trying to make his voice tremble, "this watch Lost, then, I swear, she will be devastated! Woman!"

"That's not the case at all! I didn't mean that at all! I meant exactly the opposite!" cried Razumihin, displeased. "Is this good? Is it natural? Is it not too exaggerated?" Raskolnikov thought to himself, his heart beating. "Why should I say 'women'?" "Has the commandant come to you?" asked Porfiry Petrovitch for some reason. "yes." "when did it happen?" "last night." Porfiry fell silent, as if thinking. "Your things must not be lost under any circumstances," he went on quietly and calmly. "You know, I've been here waiting for you for a long time." He put the ashtray in front of Razumihin, who flicked the ashes of his cigarette mercilessly on the carpet, with nonchalance and concern.Raskolnikov shuddered, but Porfiry didn't seem to be looking at him, still worried about Razumihin's cigarette ashes. "What? Are you waiting? Did you know that he mortgaged something there too?" Razumihin shouted. Porfiry Petrovich said directly to Raskolnikov: "The two things of yours, the ring and the watch, are with her, wrapped up in a piece of paper on which your name is clearly written in pencil, and the month and date when she received them from you. date……" "Why are you so careful?..." Raskolnikov smiled inappropriately, tried to look him in the eye without avoiding it, but couldn't help it, and suddenly added: "That's why I was just now." I say, because there are probably a lot of people mortgaging things...you have trouble remembering everyone's names...but you, on the contrary, remember everyone so clearly, and...and..." "Stupid, stupid! Why should I add these words!" "Almost everyone who has pledged something, now we know it, only you have not been here," Porfiry replied with a slightly perceptible sarcasm. "I wasn't feeling well a few days ago." "I've heard that too. I've even heard that, for some reason, you are in a bad mood. Even now, you seem to be very pale?" "Not pale at all... On the contrary, I am perfectly healthy now!" said Raskolnikov, suddenly changing his tone, rudely, angrily, and unceremoniously.He was full of anger and could no longer suppress it. "But when I'm angry, I'm sure to slip up!" The thought flashed through his mind again. "Why are they torturing me? . . . " "He's not completely healthy!" Razumihin went on hastily. "What nonsense! He was almost unconscious until yesterday, talking nonsense... Can you believe it, Porfiry, he can't even stand up?" Unsteady, but we, Zossimov and I, just turned around yesterday when he put on his clothes and slipped out quietly, loitering about somewhere almost until midnight, and in complete, I tell you, in complete sanity Can you imagine this without knowing it! It's incredible!" "Could it be in a state of total insanity? Tell me!" Porfiry shook his head like a woman. "Oh, nonsense! Please don't believe him! Actually you don't believe it!" Raskolnikov was so annoyed that he blurted out.But Porfiry Petrovich did not seem to catch these strange words. "If you were not insane, how could you go out?" Razumihin suddenly became angry. "Why did you go out? What were you going for? ... And why did you slip away quietly? Were you thinking clearly at the time? Now that all danger has passed, I can tell you directly!" "They bored me so much yesterday," Raskolnikov said suddenly to Porfiry, with an impudent and defiant smile, "I ran away from them and wanted to rent a room and call They can't find me anymore, and they took a lot of money with them. Well, Mr. Zametov saw the money. Mr. Zametov, was I sane yesterday, or not? Judge yourself .” It seemed at this moment that he really wanted to strangle Zametov.He disliked Zametov's eyes and his silence. "It seems to me that yesterday you spoke very rationally, even quite tactfully, but you were too angry," said Zametov coldly. "Nikodim Fomitch told me today," interrupted Porfiry Petrovitch, "that he met you late yesterday, at the house of an official who was trampled to death by a horse..." "Okay, let's talk about this official!" Razumihin took over the conversation, "Tell me, do you behave like a madman at that official's house? Give away the last bit of money left Paying for the widow's funeral! Well, you can help her if you want—give her fifteen rubles, twenty rubles, that's all, even if you keep three rubles for yourself, but no, Give her the whole twenty-five rubles so generously!" "Perhaps I found the treasure somewhere and you didn't know it? So I was generous yesterday... Well, Mr. Zametov knows, I found the treasure! . . . Excuse me," his lips quivered. To Porfiry, "We've bothered you for half an hour with this nonsense. You're tired, aren't you?" "Nothing, on the contrary, on the contrary! If only you could know how much you interest me! Interesting to see and listen to...   And, to be honest, I'm so glad you're here at last..." "Hey, at least bring me a cup of tea! My throat is dry!" Razumihin suddenly shouted. "Good idea! Maybe everyone will drink with you. Would you like... Before drinking tea, have something more important?" ① Refers to wine. "Screw you!" Porfiry Petrovich went to order tea. Ideas whirled like a whirlwind in Raskolnikov's head.He was furious. "The main thing is that they don't hide it, and they don't want to be polite! If you don't know me at all, why are you talking about me with Nikodim Fomitch? You can see that they don't want to hide, and they follow me like a pack of dogs! So You have no scruples to look down on me like this!" He was trembling with anger. "Well, if you want to hit, hit right there, but don't play cat and mouse. It's not polite. You know, Porfiry Petrovich, maybe I won't allow it! . . . I'll get up and tell you the whole truth; you'll see how much I despise you! . . . " He gasped with difficulty. "What if it's just that I feel like it is? What if it's a hallucination, if I'm all wrong, if it's my inexperience that makes me angry, what if I can't play this vile character? Maybe it's all for nothing. Intention? Their words are common, but there is a meaning in them...these words can be said at any time, but there is a meaning. Why did he say 'with her' outright? Why did Zametov add that I Well said? Why do they speak in such a tone? Yes... tone... Razumihin is sitting here too, why doesn't he notice anything? The naive fool will never notice anything! Fever again !...Did Porfiry wink at me just now, or didn't he? Probably, there was no such thing; why did he blink? Was he trying to stimulate my nerves, or was he teasing me? Either it was all an illusion, or They know!... Even Zametov is rude... Was Zametov rude? Zametov changed his mind overnight. I had a feeling he would! Here he is It's like being at home, but it's the first time here. Porfiry doesn't treat him as a guest, and sits with his back to him. They hooked up! They must have hooked up for me! Before we came, they must have They're talking about me!...do they know about the rental thing? Hope it's quick!...when I said I ran out to rent the house yesterday, he ignored it and didn't make a fuss about it...and I cut in That's a clever saying about renting a house: it'll be useful later!... In a state of insanity!... Ha, ha, ha! He knows all about that night! My mother came, He doesn't know!... That witch has penciled in the date!... You're talking nonsense, I won't give in! Because it's not a fact, it's just an illusion! No, show me the facts! Rent a house It's not evidence, but my ramblings; I know what to say to them... Do they know about renting a house? I won't leave if I don't find out! Evidence! Oh, how easily I get offended! But maybe it's a good thing; I'm playing the part of a sick man. . . He is testing me.He will confuse me.What am I here for? " All this flashed through his mind like lightning. Porfiry Petrovitch was back in a second.For some reason he suddenly became cheerful. "Boy, since I came back from you yesterday, my head... even my whole being can't seem to control myself," he said to Razumihin, laughing in a completely different tone. "What, interesting? I left you yesterday on the most interesting subject, didn't I? Who won?" "Of course, no one won. We gradually talked about some eternal problems, talking about academic problems." "Rodya, think about what we talked about yesterday: Is there a crime? As I said, we were all arguing like crazy!" "What's so strange about that? It's a common social problem," Raskolnikov answered absently. "The question is not simply posed that way," Porfiry said. "Not quite so, indeed," Razumihin agreed immediately, hastily and impatiently, as usual. "Hey, Rodya, listen, and tell me your opinion. I want to hear your opinion. I fought them hard yesterday, and I was waiting for you; I told them about you, that you would Come on... we're talking from the socialist point of view. It's a well-known point of view: crime is a protest against the dysfunction of the social system—just a protest, nothing else, no more Find any other reason, - that's all! ..." "You're talking nonsense!" cried Porfiry Petrovitch.He seemed to be alive, and kept looking at Razumihin and smiling, which agitated the latter all the more. "No other reason is allowed!" interrupted Razumihin passionately, "I'm not talking nonsense! . . . I can show you their books: in their opinion, everything is 'Circumstances compelled' - for no other reason! That's their favorite phrase! It follows directly from this that if society were properly organized, all crime would disappear at once, because there would be nothing left to protest Yes, in a moment all men will become righteous men. Nature is excluded, nature should not exist, regardless of nature! According to their theory, instead of human beings moving forward along the actual path of historical development, In the end, a normal society will naturally form, but on the contrary, after the social system is produced from any mathematical mind, it will immediately organize all mankind, faster than any actual development process, without going through the actual path of historical development, In a blink of an eye all mankind will be made righteous and pure! That is why they instinctively dislike history: 'There is only ugliness and stupidity in history' - all because of stupidity alone! That is why they dislike reality The actual development process of life: no living people are needed! The living people need life, the living people do not obey the control of machinery, the living people are suspicious, and the living people are reactionary! The people they need there, although they smell a little like dead bodies, Can be made of rubber, - but not alive, willless, tame like a slave, will not rebel! As a result, they boiled everything down to building walls with bricks and laying out corridors in the Farangi Building And one room at a time! The Farangi Mansion has been built, but the nature to adapt to the Farangi Mansion has not yet formed, the nature wants to live, it has not yet completed the process of life, and it is too early to go to the grave! Starting from logic alone, it is impossible to surpass Nature! Logic can only foresee three situations, and there are millions of them! Discard a million different situations, and reduce everything to a mere matter of comfort! This is the simplest solution to the problem! Obviously it is tempting Humans, no brains at all! Above all, no brains! The whole secret of life is contained on two printed pages!" "He's bursting into a blah blah blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah, blah," laughed Porfiry. "Just think about it," he said, turning his face to Raskolnikov, "it was the same thing last night, six people in one room were expressing their views and arguing endlessly, and before that everyone had poured water. A stomach full of five-flavored wine,--can you imagine? No, man, you're not right: 'environment' does have a great influence on crime; I can prove it to you." ①Franji Building is the dormitory of the socialist society imagined by the French utopian socialist Fourier (1772-1837). ② A mixed drink made from fruit juice, spices, tea, wine, etc. "I know, too, that it has a great influence, but tell me: a man of forty who discredits a girl of ten—was circumstances compelled him to do so?" "What is it? Strictly speaking, it is probably also influenced by circumstances," said Porfiry, with astonishing arrogance. "A crime against a little girl may well be explained by 'environment', or even Very likely." Razumihin was almost mad with rage. "Well, I'll explain it to you, if you want to hear it," he growled, "and the only reason your eyelashes are white is because Ivan the Great's belfry is thirty-five sand ropes taller, and I can Clear, precise, progressive, even liberal, how about it? I take it on! Say, want a bet?" ①The Ivan the Great Bell Tower is located in the Moscow Kremlin. It was built in 1505-1508 and was raised in 1600.The bell tower is eighty-one meters high.One sand rope (Azhang) is equal to 2.134 meters. "Well, I bet! We'd like to hear his explanation!" "Oh, he's always putting on a show, you bastard!" Razumihin shouted, jumped up, and waved his hands. "It's not worth talking to you! He's playing tricks, Rodion, you don't know him yet! He took their side yesterday just to fool everyone. God, what did he say yesterday! They were so happy!... And yet he was able to talk about it for two weeks. Last year, for whatever purpose, he wanted us to believe that he was going to become a monk: insisted for two months that he was going to Not long ago, I suddenly wanted to make people believe that he was going to get married, and everything was ready for the wedding. Even the new clothes were ready. We all congratulated him. But not only there is no bride yet, but everything No: everything is nothing but castles in the air!" "You are lying! I made a set of clothes in advance. Because I made new clothes, I have the idea of ​​deceiving you." "Are you really such a faker?" Raskolnikov asked casually. "You don't think so? Just wait, I'll get you duped too,--ha, ha, ha! No, you know, I'll tell you the whole truth. Because of crime, circumstances. My dear girl, because of all these problems, I now think of one of your essays--in fact, I have always been interested in this essay. "On Crime"... Or what is it called, I forgot the title I can't remember. I read your masterpiece in the Periodic Review two months ago and enjoyed it." "My thesis? On the "Periodic Review"?" Raskolnikov asked in surprise, "Six months ago, after I dropped out of university, I did write a thesis because I read a book, but at that time I sent it to the Weekly Review, not to the Periodic Review." "But it was adopted by the Periodic Review." "Because the Weekly Review ceased publication, it was not published at the time..." "That's true; but the Weekly Review merged with the Periodic Review after it ceased publication, so your paper appeared in the Periodical Review two months ago. Don't you know?" Raskolnikov really knew nothing about it. "Why, you can ask them for a fee! But you are a strange character! You live alone, and you don't know anything about things directly related to you. It's a fact, isn't it." "Well, Rodka! I don't even know!" cried Razumihin. "I'll go to the reading room today and borrow this issue of the magazine to take a look! Is it two months ago? Where's the date? Anyway, I'll find it! It's really you! But he didn't say anything!" "But how do you know that the paper is mine? The signature on this paper is just one letter." "Acidentally, and only two days ago. Through an editor; an acquaintance of mine. . . I am very interested." "I remember that I was analyzing the criminal's mental state during the whole process of committing a crime." "Yes, you insist that crime often coincides with disease. Very, very novel, but . It's a pity that you only vaguely hint at this... In short, if you remember, the article kind of hints that there are people in the world who can ... that is, not be able to , but have full rights to misbehave and commit crimes as if they were not subject to the law." Raskolnikov sneered at his exaggerated and deliberate misinterpretation of his views. "What? What does that mean? The right to commit crimes? But it's not 'forced by circumstances'?" Razumihin asked even a little frightened. "No, no, not at all," answered Porfiry. "The problem is that in his paper, for some reason, all people are divided into 'ordinary' and 'extraordinary' categories. Ordinary people have to obey and have no right to break the law, because, you know , they are ordinary people. Extraordinary people have the right to commit all kinds of crimes, have the right to break the law and do evil at will, just because they are extraordinary people. If I understand you, you mean Seems like that, right?" "How can this be? It's impossible!" Razumihin mumbled in bewilderment. Raskolnikov sneered again.He understood at once what was going on, what they were trying to push him to do; he remembered his own article.He decided to accept the challenge. "That's not exactly what I said in my article," he said simply and modestly. "However, to tell you the truth, you have stated my arguments almost faithfully, so to speak, even completely faithfully. . . . insisting that extraordinary people must, and often must, do all kinds of mischief. I even think that such articles would never be published in the press. I am only implying that 'extraordinary' people have the right to ... That is to say, not a formal right given by the government, but the right of oneself to allow oneself to cross the barrier of one's own conscience...over other barriers, and this is only in order to let his mind (sometimes perhaps save all mankind) Thoughts) can be realized and must be done. You said that my article is not clear; ;then please listen. It seems to me that if for some complicated reason the discoveries of Kepler and Newton cannot be known to the world at all, unless one, ten, a hundred, or even more are sacrificed to hinder or the lives of those who stand in the way of this discovery, then Newton had the right, and even had to, to make his discovery known to all mankind... to exterminate those ten or one hundred people. However, no conclusion should be drawn from this , that Newton had the right to kill at will, or to steal in the marketplace every day. I remember, I still played on it in my own articles, saying that all... well, for example, even those legislators and founders of human society, From ancient times, to later Lycurgus, Solon, Mohammed, Napoleon, etc., without exception, are all sinners; for this alone, they are all sinners, because they all made new laws. , thereby violating the ancient laws of society, sanctified, handed down from ancestors, and, of course, if the shedding of blood (sometimes the blood of utterly innocent people heroically sacrificed in its defense) would help them to achieve their purpose, they will never stop before blood. It is even strange that the vast majority of these benefactors and founders of mankind were particularly terrible and murderous executioners. In conclusion, I conclude that all these people , not only the great ones, but even those who are a little out of the ordinary, that is to say, even those who can come up with something new, are necessarily sinners by nature—of course, Only to a certain extent. Otherwise, it would be difficult for them to go out of the way; and if they are allowed to follow the rules and not go beyond the threshold, they will of course not agree. This is again due to their nature, and as far as I think, they even have Responsibility disagrees. All in all you can see that there is nothing particularly new in my views so far. These have been published a thousand times in the press and seen a thousand times. As for I divide people into ordinary and extraordinary, so I agree that this division is somewhat arbitrary, but I don't insist that there is a precise number for each. I just believe in my main point. This point of view is: according to the laws of nature, people can generally be divided intoTwo classes: those of the inferior (ordinary), that is, mere breeding material, so to speak, of one's own kind; who publish new insights.Of course, such classifications can be divided endlessly, but the dividing line between the two groups is quite obvious: the first group, that is, the material, is generally conservative by nature. Step by step, tame and obedient, and willing to be obedient.As far as I can see, they are obliged to be tame and obedient, because that is their calling, and it is not at all demeaning to them.The second group, however, are all lawbreakers, are all destroyers, or are inclined to lawlessness and destruction, according to their abilities.The crimes of these men are of course relative, and there are many differences; most of them, in various statements, call for the destruction of what exists for a better future.但是为了自己的思想，如果需要，哪怕是需要跨过尸体，需要流血，那么在他内心里，凭他的良心，照我看，他可能允许自己不惜流血，——不过这要看他思想的性质和规模而定，——这一点请您注意。仅仅是就这个意义来说，我才在自己的文章里谈到了他们犯罪的权利。 （请您记住，我们是从法律问题谈起的。）不过用不着有过多的担心：群众几乎永远不承认他们有这种权利，总是会处决或绞死他们（或多或少地），而且这也是完全公正的，这样也就完成了他们保守的使命，然而到了以后几代，这样的群众又把那些被处死的人捧得很高，把他们供奉起来，向他们顶礼膜拜（或多或少地）。第一类人永远是当代的主人，第二类却是未来的主人。第一类人保全世界，增加人的数量；第二类人则推动世界向前发展，引导它达到自己的目的。无论是这一类人，还是那一类人，都有完全同等的生存权利。总之，我认为他们都有同等的权利，而且——vivelaguerreeternelle⑤，——当然啦，直到新耶路撒冷从天而降⑥！ ①开普勒（一五七一——一六三○），德国著名天文学家，现代天文学的奠基人。 ②莱喀古士（纪元前九世纪），古斯巴达的立法者。 ③梭伦（约纪元前六三八——约纪元前五五九），古希腊的立法者。 ④稀罕默德（约五七○——六三二），伊斯兰教的创始人。 ⑤法文，意为永恒的斗争万岁！ ⑥见《圣经·新约全书·启示录》：“我又看见圣城新耶路撒冷由上帝那里从天而降”（《启示录》第二十一章，第二节）。这里“新耶路撒冷”的意思是人间的天堂。 “那么您还是相信新耶路撒冷了？” “我相信，”拉斯科利尼科夫坚决地回答；他说这句话以及继续发表自己这冗长的谈话的时候，他为自己在地毯上选中了一点，一直在看着它。 “您也—也—相信上帝？请原谅我如此好奇。” “我相信，”拉斯科利尼科夫又说了一遍，说着抬起眼来看了看波尔菲里。 “也—也相信拉撒路复活①？” ①见《圣经·新约全书·约翰福音》第十一章，四十——四十四节。 “我相—信。您问这些干吗？” “真的相信？” "real." “您瞧……我是这么好奇。请原谅。不过，对不起，——我又回到刚才的话题上来了，——要知道，并不总是处死他们；有些人恰恰相反……” “活着的时候就获得了胜利？嗯，是的，有些人活着的时候就获得成功了，于是……” “他们自己开始处决别人？” “如果需要的话，而且，您要知道，甚至大多数都是如此。 一般说，您的评论很机智。 " “谢谢。不过请您谈谈：用什么来把这些不平凡的人与平凡的人区分开来呢？是不是一生下来就有这种标记？我的意思是，这需要更准确些，也可以这么说吧，要在外表上能更明显地看得出来：请原谅我作为一个讲求实际和有着善良意愿的人极其自然的担心，可是不能，譬如说，不能置备什么特殊的衣服，或者戴上个什么东西，打上印记什么的吧？……因为，您得同意，如果混淆不清，这一类人当中就会有人认为自己属于另一类人，于是他就会'排除一切障碍'，正如您十分巧妙地所说的那样，那么这……” “噢，这倒是经常有的！您的这一评论甚至比刚才的还要机智……” "thanks……" “不必客气；不过您要注意到，错误只可能出在第一类人，也就是'平凡的'人（也许我这样称呼他们很不妥当）那里。尽管他们生来就倾向于听话，但是由于某种连母牛也不会没有的顽皮天性，他们当中有很多人都喜欢自命为进步人士，自以为是'破坏者'，竭力想要发表'新见解'，而且他们这样做是完全真诚的。而同时他们对真正的新人却往往视而不见，甚至瞧不起他们，把他们看作落后的人，认为他们的想法是有失尊严的。不过，照我看，这并不会有太大的危险，真的，您用不着担心，因为这种人永远不会走得太远。当然，如果他们忘其所以，有时也可以拿鞭子抽他们一顿，让他们安于本分，但也仅此而已；甚至不需要有什么人去执行这一任务：他们自己就会鞭打自己，因为他们都是品德优良的人；有些人是互相提供这样的帮助，另一些是自己亲手惩罚自己……在这种情况下，他们会以各种形式公开悔过，——结果十分美妙，而且很有教育意义，总而言之，您用不着担心……有这样的规律。” “好吧，至少在这一方面您让我多少有点儿放心了；不过还有一点让人担心：请您说说看，这些有权杀人的人，这些'不平凡的'人，是不是很多呢？我当然愿意向他们顶礼膜拜，不过，您得同意，如果这种人很多的话，还是会觉得可怕，不是吗？” “噢，关于这一点，请您也别担心，”拉斯科利尼科夫用同样的语调接着说下去。“一般说，有新思想的人，即使只是稍微能发表某种新见解的人，通常是生得很少的，甚至少得出奇。明确的只有一点：必须有某种自然法则来正确无误地确定人的出生规律，正确无误地确定分类和区分他们规律。当然，这个法则目前还不为人所知，不过我相信，这个法则是存在的，而且以后能够为人们认识。广大群众，也就是人类中那些普通材料，所以要生存在这个世界上，就是为了经过某种努力，通过某种至今仍然十分神秘的过程，经过种族和血统的某种交叉混合，最终哪怕是在一千人中能生出一个多少具有独立精神的人来。具有更多独立精神的人，也许一万人里才会出生一个（我是举例说说，说个大概的数字）。独立精神更多一些的，十万人里才会出一个。一百万人里才会出一个天才，而伟大的天才，人类中的完人，也许要在世界上出生了亿万人之后，才会出现一个。总之，我没有窥探过产生这一切的神秘过程。但是某种法则一定是存在的，而且应当存在；这绝不会是偶然的。” “你们两个怎么了，是在开玩笑吗？”拉祖米欣终于高声叫喊起来。“你们在互相愚弄，是不是呢？你们坐在这儿，互相开玩笑！你是认真的吗，罗佳？” 拉斯科利尼科夫向他抬起几乎是神情忧郁的、苍白的脸，什么也没回答。与这张神态安详而又忧郁的脸相比，波尔菲里那种毫不掩饰、纠缠不休、惹人恼怒而且很不礼貌的尖酸刻薄态度，让拉祖米欣觉得奇怪。 “唉，老兄，如果这当真是严肃认真的，那么……你说，这并不新鲜，和我们看到和听到过上千次的那些议论完全相像，这话当然是对的；不过，使我感到恐惧的是，所有这些议论中真正新奇，——也是真正属于你一个人的观点，就是，你毕竟同意，凭良心行事，可以不惜流血，请原谅我，你甚至是那么狂热……这样看来，这也就是你那篇论文的主要思想了。要知道，凭良心行事，不惜流血，这……照我看，这比官方允许的流血，比合法的允许流血还要可怕……” “完全正确，是更可怕，”波尔菲里附和说。 “不，你发挥得过火了！错误就在这里。我要看看这篇文章……你发挥得过火了！你不可能这样想……我一定要看看这篇文章。” “文章里根本没有这些东西，那里只有一些暗示，”拉斯科利尼科夫说。 “是这样的，是这样的，”波尔菲里有点儿坐立不安了，“现在我差不多算是明白您对犯罪的看法了，不过……请原谅我纠缠不休（我太麻烦您了，自己也感到很不好意思！）——您要知道：刚才您消除了我对两类人会混淆不清的担心，不过……还是有各种实际情况让我感到担忧！万一有这么一个人，或者是青年人，认为他就是莱喀古士或穆罕默德……——当然是未来的，——而且要为此消除一切障碍……说他要远征，而远征需要钱……于是着手为远征弄钱，……您明白我的意思吗？” 扎苗托夫突然在他那个角落里噗嗤一声笑了。拉斯科利尼科夫连看也没去看他。 “我必须同意，”他沉着地回答，“的确会有这种情况。愚蠢的人和爱虚荣的人尤其容易上当；特别是青年。” “您瞧，那么怎么办呢？” “事情就是这样，”拉斯科利尼科夫冷笑了一声，“这不是我的过错。现在是这样，将来也永远如此。瞧，他（他朝拉祖米欣那边点了点头）刚刚说，我允许流血。那又怎样呢？流放，监狱，法院侦查员，苦役，这一切使社会得到充分的保障，——有什么可担心的呢？请你们去寻找盗贼吧！” “好吧，如果我们找到呢？” “那是他罪有应得。” “您的话是那么合乎逻辑。好吧，那么他的良心呢？” “他的良心关您什么事？” “是这样，出于人道主义的考虑。” “有良心的人，如果意识到自己的错误，他就会感到痛苦。 这就是对他的惩罚，——苦役以外的惩罚。 " “那么，那些真正的天才，”拉祖米欣皱起眉头，“那些有权杀人的人，即使杀了人，也完全不应该感到痛苦吗？” “为什么要用应该这个词呢？这儿既没有允许，也没有禁止。如果怜悯受害者，那就让他痛苦去吧……对于一个知识全面、思想深刻的人，痛苦是必然的，既有精神上的痛苦，也有肉体上的痛苦。我觉得，真正的伟人应该觉察到人世间极大的忧虑，”他突然若有所思地补充说，用的甚至不是谈话的语气。 他抬起眼来，沉思地看了看大家，微微一笑，拿起帽子。与他不久前进来的时候相比，现在他是过于平静了，他感觉到了这一点。Everyone stood up. “嗯，您骂我也好，不骂也好，生气也好，不生气也好，可我还是忍不住，”波尔菲里·彼特罗维奇最后又说，“请允许我再提一个小小的问题（我实在是太麻烦您了！），我只想谈谈一个没有多大意思的想法，只不过是为了不致忘记……” “好的，请谈谈您的想法吧，”神情严肃、面色苍白的拉斯科利尼科夫站在他面前等着。 “要知道……真的，我不知道该怎样说才比较恰当……这个想法太模糊了……是心理上的……是这样，您写那篇文章的时候，——要知道，嘿，嘿！不可能不认为您自己，—— 哪怕只有一点儿，——也是'不平凡的'人，能发表新见解，——也就是在您的思想里……是这样吧？ " “很有可能，”拉斯科利尼科夫鄙夷地回答。 拉祖米欣动了动。 “如果是这样的话，难道您会自己决定，——嗯，由于生活上受到某些挫折和限制，或者是为了设法帮助全人类，——就会决定越过障碍吗？……嗯，譬如说，杀人或抢劫？……” 他不知怎的又对他眨了眨左眼，无声地笑了起来，—— 和不久前完全一样。 “如果我越过了，那当然不会告诉您，”拉斯科利尼科夫带着挑衅和傲慢的蔑视神情回答。 “不，我只不过对这很感兴趣，只是为了理解您的文章，只涉及语言方面的问题……” “呸，这是多么明显和无耻！”拉斯科利尼科夫厌恶地想。 “请允许我告诉您吧，”他冷冷地回答，“我并不认为自己是穆罕默德或拿破仑……也不认为自己是这类人物中的任何一个，既然我不是他们，所以我也不能向您作出满意的解释，告诉您我会采取什么行动。” “看您说的，在我们俄罗斯，现在谁不认为自己是拿破仑呢？”波尔菲里突然态度非常亲昵地说。这一次就连他的语调里也含有某种特别明显的意思。 “上星期用斧头砍死我们阿廖娜·伊万诺芙娜的，会不会是某个未来的拿破仑呢？”扎苗托夫突然从他那个角落里贸然地说。 拉斯科利尼科夫一声不响，凝神坚决地直盯着波尔菲里。拉祖米欣阴郁地皱起眉头。在这以前他似乎就已经发觉了什么。他愤怒地朝四下里看了看。极不愉快的沉默持续了一会儿工夫。拉斯科利尼科夫转身要走。 “您要走了！”波尔菲里亲切地说，异常客气地伸过手去。 “非常、非常高兴认识您。至于您的请求，那毫无问题。您就照我说的那样写份申请书。不过最好还是亲自到我那儿去一趟……就在这两天里，随便什么时候……哪怕明天也行。十一点的时候，我准在那儿。我们会把一切全都办妥……再谈一谈……作为去过那里的最后几个人中的一个，您也许能告诉我们点儿什么情况的……”他态度和善地补充说。 “您想依法正式审讯我吗？”拉斯科利尼科夫生硬地问。 “为什么呢？暂时根本不需要这样。您误会了。您要明白，我不放过一个机会……已经和所有抵押过东西的人都谈过了……从一些人那里录取了口供……而您，作为最后一个……啊，对了，顺便说一声！”他高声惊呼，不知为什么突然高兴起来，“我恰好记起来了，我这是怎么搞的！……”他转过脸过，对拉祖米欣说，“不是吗，你老是跟我唠叨这个尼古拉什卡的事，唠叨得耳朵里都长了老茧了……唉，我自己也知道，我自己也知道，”他又回过头来，对拉斯科利尼科夫说，“这个小伙子是无辜的，可是有什么办法呢，就连米季卡，也不得不麻烦他一下……问题在于，问题的实质是：当时从楼梯上经过的时候……请问：七点多钟您去过那里，不是吗？” “七点多钟，”拉斯科利尼科夫回答，立刻不愉快地感觉到，这句话根本用不到说。 “那么，七点多钟您从楼梯上经过的时候，您是不是看到，二楼上那套房子房门是开着的，——您记得吗？有两个工人，或者是不是记得其中的一个？他们正在那儿油漆，您注意到了吗？这对他们非常、非常重要！……” “油漆匠？不，没看到……”拉斯科利尼科夫仿佛在记忆里搜索着什么似地、慢慢地回答，同时他全身的神经都紧张起来，痛苦得心里发慌，想要尽快猜出这是个什么圈套，生怕有什么疏忽，说漏了嘴，“不，没看见，就连房门开着的房间也没注意到……不过四楼上（他已经完全明白这是个什么圈套了，于是洋洋得意地说），我倒记得，四楼上有个官吏在搬家……就在阿廖娜·伊万诺芙娜对面……我记得……这我记得很清楚……几个当兵的抬出一张沙发，把我挤到了墙边……可是油漆匠……不记得有油漆匠……而且好像那儿的房门也没开着。是的；没有……” “唉，你是怎么搞的！”拉祖米欣突然喊了一声，仿佛醒悟过来，明白是怎么回事了，“油漆匠油漆房间，是在发生凶杀案的那一天，他却是三天前去那里的，不是吗？你问他作什么？” “哎哟！我弄错了！”波尔菲里拍了拍自己的前额。“见鬼，我叫这个案子给搞糊涂了！”他甚至好像道歉似地对拉斯科利尼科夫说，“要知道，有没有人在七点多钟看到他们在那套房间里，了解这一点非常重要，所以刚才我以为，您也可能提供点儿……完全弄错了！” “所以应该细心些，”拉祖米欣脸色阴沉地说。 最后几句话已经是在前室里说的了。波尔菲里·彼特罗维奇非常客气地把他们送到了房门口。他们两人走到街上的时候面色都是阴沉沉的，皱着眉头，走了好几步，仍然一句话也不说。拉斯科利尼科夫深深地舒了口气……