Chapter 95 Analysis of the Battle of Changping: We ourselves are often Zhao Kuo, and we are often Zhao Wang

Therefore, in the law of employing troops, don't face high hills, turn your back on hills and don't turn against them, pretend to be north and don't follow them, sharp soldiers don't attack, bait soldiers don't eat them, return troops don't stop them, besiege divisions must be blocked, and poor invaders don't force them. "Don't follow the false north, don't eat the bait soldiers", Zhao Kuo, the famous "talking about soldiers on paper", committed these two in the most tragic battle of the Warring States Period, the Battle of Changping where Zhao Guo was cheated of 400,000 soldiers.If you add two more, "Don't face the high hills, don't turn your back on the hills", it also has a share.

As for Bai Qi, the commander-in-chief of the Qin Army, "Don't stop the army when you return, don't block the army if you encircle it, and don't force the poor"—the enemy should not intercept when he retreats to his country, and leave a gap when he surrounds the enemy. He didn't abide by any of them, and violated all of them. He surrounded Zhao Jun to death and wiped them all out. The battle process is like this: the Qin army first sent out bait soldiers, and then pretended to be north, Zhao Kuo immediately led the army to pursue.The Qin army led Zhao Kuo to the long wall of the preset position. The main force of the Qin army had already set up a position there, waiting for Zhao Kuo to come.This is what "Sun Tzu said: Those who first go to the battlefield and wait for the enemy will lose, and those who go to the battlefield and go to war will be exhausted. Therefore, those who are good at fighting will benefit people but not others." "Those who can make the enemy attack themselves will benefit."Qin Jun knew that the decisive battle would be at the Long Wall, so he first laid out his pockets and led Zhao Kuo.Zhao Kuo didn't know.

"Combined with righteousness, won with strangeness", the Qin army first used the bait soldiers as the righteousness, and the main force of the long wall as the strangest. When Zhao Kuo arrived at the long wall, the bait soldiers and the main force joined forces at one point, and it was time to send out the second surprise soldier. Zhao Kuo was blocked by the long wall and was at a disadvantage in the battle. He was about to retreat. At this time, the 25,000 strange soldiers of the Qin army who had ambushed in advance on the two wings attacked and penetrated behind the Zhao army, occupying the favorable terrain on the west wall and blocking Zhao Kuo's retreat , And cut off Zhao Kuo's connection with the base camp.Zhao Jun was divided into two.

Bai Qi sent another 5,000 fine cavalry to intervene between the camps of the Zhao army who were staying in the base camp, to restrain the movement of the Zhao army, cut off all the food roads, and prevent the Zhao army from moving. Zhao Kuo was besieged, so he had to build a wall and wait for help. Bai Qi didn't let him rest for a moment, and sent Qingqi to attack and harass him in turn.This is called "the enemy is able to work, and the full can starve". After receiving the report, King Qin Zhao succeeded in vain, and set off immediately. He personally went to Hanoi on the front line, mobilized all local men over the age of 15 to join the army, and sent them to the Changping battlefield to completely surround and cut off the Zhao army's food roads and foreign aid.

On the forty-sixth day of Zhao Kuo's food shortage, the Zhao army reached the point of killing each other and cannibalizing each other, so they had to desperately break through. As a result, Zhao Kuo was killed in battle, the Zhao army surrendered, and 400,000 people were buried alive. There is a question: Zhao Kuo is familiar with military books, why did he make such a simple mistake? Because of self-confidence. Newborn calves are not afraid of tigers, but they will still be eaten by tigers. In Zhao Kuo's mind, Lian Po is old, and Zhao Guo's current general is me.Lian Po spent three years with the Qin army in Changping, and the country was going to be ruined by him, so I had to rely on me to solve the problem.

Confidence will inevitably underestimate the enemy. Once you fight, you will win, prove yourself to be right and strong, and pursue immediately.You say "do not follow if you pretend to be north", but he thinks it is "strike the lazy return", it is a pursuit of victory, and once you chase it out, it will be irreversible. The second question is why Zhao Kuo's father, Zhao She, couldn't beat his son when he talked about military affairs, but he knew he couldn't do it? Zhao She said to Zhao Kuo's mother: "Soldiers are dead, but Kuo is easy to say. It is enough to make Zhao not generalize. If he must defeat him, he must be conquered." Military is a matter of life and death, and Zhao Kuo said it easily, there is nothing he doesn't know.If Zhao Guo does not use Zhao Kuo as a general, it will be fine. If he is used as a general, the Zhao army will be defeated.

Some people say that Zhao Kuo is familiar with military books, but he cannot use them flexibly.This is not the essence.The essence is to be familiar with military books, which does not mean to understand the art of war. As the saying goes: "If you haven't eaten pork, haven't you seen a pig running?" This is a big mistake!Seeing a pig running does not mean knowing what a pig is like. You must have eaten pork yourself to know what a pig is like.What's more, the pig running that Zhao Kuo saw was running on a book.He has never seen a pig running in the field! So when we read a book, every time we read an article, we know that there is such an article, but we don’t really understand this article.You must have practiced it and practiced it before you really know it.The degree of knowing is not certain and never-ending.

Confucius said: "Learning and practicing it from time to time, what a joy!" You don't know it when you learn it. Haven't experienced it in class?Once the teacher speaks, you will understand, but once you do the exercises, you will not.So I didn't really understand it before, and I only learned a little bit after doing the questions well. Zhao Kuo's mother also knew that Zhao Kuo couldn't do it.One is that Zhao She explained to her before his death, and the other is what she said when she dissuaded King Zhao not to appoint Zhao Kuo as a general: "In the past, you appointed his father as a general. Give all the gold and silk to the soldiers. Today you appointed Zhao Kuo as a general, and the rewards you gave him will be handed over to the family to keep them, and tell the family to see where there is a good house and buy it quickly. He is not like a leader .”

The third question: Why didn't King Zhao listen?Why did he have to replace Lian Po and use Zhao Kuo?Did he really fall for the Qin State's plan to alienate him?Qin's spies came to spread rumors that Lian Po would surrender to Qin without fighting.Qin Jun was not afraid of Lianpo, but Zhao Kuo.So he's hooked? No! King Zhao made a wrong decision because of anxiety and pressure.Too anxious, too depressed, and under too much pressure, he must make a change, even if he dies, he will fight for it! Why? See how the battle is fought. Qin Guo attacked South Korea, but South Korea couldn't stand it, and cut Shangdang County to Qin State for peace.

Feng Ting, governor of Shangdang County, was unwilling to join Qin, so he dedicated Shangdang to King Zhao.King Zhao was greedy and overjoyed, and immediately sent troops to occupy Shangdang.This is called a tiger's mouth snatching food. How could King Qin give up after taking the meat from King Qin's lips? The war machine came to Shangdang.Of course, Zhao Jun couldn't stand the point of accepting Shangdang, so he retreated to Changping.Zhao Wang also sent a large army, Lian Po was the general, and the two sides faced each other across the Dan River in Changping.Lian Po knew that he couldn't fight, so he took advantage of the favorable terrain and insisted on not fighting.This defense lasted for three years!

Millions of troops from both sides spent three years there, the two countries will be dragged down, and the economy is on the verge of collapse.Zhao Wang was originally greedy for Shangdang's interests, but as a result, Shangdang has not yet sat under his buttocks, and the whole country will be dragged down.Delaying it like this will definitely not work!It's not that if you steal a chicken, you won't lose a lot of rice, it's that you've lost all the granaries in the country! But is it okay not to procrastinate? He couldn't care less. Zhao Wang's dissatisfaction with Lian Po has reached its peak, he must change!But don't know that changing doesn't solve the problem, it might even be worse.Even Lian Po can't fight, and other veterans, let alone young people, can only be used.You may say that Zhao Kuo can't do it, but I know that other people can't do it, and Zhao Kuo hasn't tried it yet, so I'll bet on him! Many of our decisions are probably similar to those of King Zhao.We always want to solve the problem, but we don't care about the steps we take to solve the problem. Instead of solving the problem, it will bring new problems, even disasters. If we were to go back more than two thousand years ago and become King Zhao, how should we make decisions?