Chapter 29 Talking about the so-called "Ouchi Archives"

The so-called "Da Nei Archives" (2) have been accumulated in the cabinet of the Qing Dynasty for more than 300 years, and have been stuffed in the Confucian Temple for more than ten years, and no one has said anything.Ever since the Museum of History sold this remnant to the paper shop, the paper shop was resold to Luo Zhenyu (3), and Luo Zhenyu was resold to the Japanese, there has been a lot of clamor, as if the national treasure had been lost, and the national line followed.In the past few years, I have also seen a few people's comments. The one I remember is Jin Liang, who published it in "Oriental Magazine" (4); there are also Luo Zhenyu and Wang Guowei (5), who express their emotions at any time.The most recent one is "On the Sale of Archives" in "Beixin Bimonthly", written by Mr. Jiang Yiqian (6).

I don't think their arguments are accurate.Jin Liang, originally a Bannerman stationed in Hangzhou, who advocated the elimination of Han in the early days, has been regarded as an old man since the Republic of China. He naturally thinks everything that the Republic of China did is very hateful.As for Luo Zhenyu, he can be regarded as an old man. He once vowed not to see the country, and later, the servants of Beijing and Tianjin blamed the younger generation for not being good at ancient things, but instead sold antiques to foreigners. Just look at his inscriptions and postscripts. Then you will know "Yu Yi Yun He".Only Wang Guowei has ended the old man's life in the water, and he is an honest man; but his sighs are often the same as Luo Zhenyu's nostrils, although the anger he exudes can be divided into real and fake.So he is often turned into Sandwich (7) with advertisements, because he is as honest as a ham.Mr. Jiang is an exception. I don't think he is an old man. He was deceived by Luo Zhenyu's generation just because he is sentimental (8).You think, if he wants to sell this to the Japanese, would he say that this is not a treasure?

So, isn't this a good thing?No, why do you want to buy it, and I want to buy it too?I think this is a question that anyone should ask. The answer: Weiwei, no no.It's like a pile of waste paper in the house of a ruined family. It doesn't matter if you say it's good or useless.Because it's waste paper, it's useless; because it's from a poor family, maybe there are some good things in it.What's more, what is good or bad depends on people's opinions. There is a garbage bin near my apartment, which is full of useless things discarded by residents, but I always see a few people carrying bamboo baskets in the morning. , From there, piece by piece, piece by piece, something was picked up, and it was still useful.What's more, at present, the emperor is still honorable, as long as he puts it in "Da Nei" for a few days, or carries the word "Gong", it is easy to make people look at him differently. I really don't believe it, even though it was in the Republic of China.

According to Luo Yilao, who is well versed in the history of the "Guochao" (9), the "Da Nei archives" are the messy papers that were piled up in the cabinet during his "Guochao". It was kept.But when his "Guo Dynasty" abdicated, and when I arrived in Beijing in the first year of the Republic of China, they had already been packed into 8,000 (?) sacks and stuffed in the Jingyi Pavilion in the Confucian Temple. pavilion.At that time, a preparatory office for a history museum was set up in the Confucian Temple, headed by Mr. Hu Yujin (10). The word "preparatory office" means that there is no meaning of "historical museum" in it.

But I was in the Ministry of Education, so I had a little relationship with the sacks, and I saw their ups and downs.There are some ridiculous things, but most of them are small things; later, when I saw the discussion outside, I really wanted to make a few notes to describe the plot I witnessed.But he was timid, because there were many rich people involved, so he didn't dare to write.This is my "sophistication". As a person in China, it is okay to scold the nation, the country, the society, or the organization, etc., but it cannot involve individuals.A magazine in Guangzhou said that I only beat bulldogs, not warlords.Little did they know that it was precisely because I scolded the bulldog that I had the fate of escaping from Beijing.Blame the warlords, who will take care of it?Warlords don't read magazines, they just rely on bulldogs to smell them, and alternate bulldogs to bark.Ah, it's not good to continue talking, so hurry up and take it.

Now that I live in the south, I might as well say a few words. I am afraid that these things may not be said by others in the future.But I still don't use real names for people who are concerned with face, and use Roman characters instead.It is neither Europeanized nor "hiding evil and promoting good", but "far-reaching harm to the whole body".This is also my "sophistication". Don't underestimate them because you think you are in the south and they are in the north, or you don't know where they are.They will suddenly widen before your eyes, which is really amazing.At this time, I am afraid that I will die so that even I am baffled.So be on the safe side, it's best not to say anything.But now I come to "compromise", neither to say nothing, but to use Roman characters instead,—

If this is not appropriate, then, I have no choice but to resign myself to fate.God bless my soul! However, the fact that these sacks were lying in the Jingyi Pavilion made Mr. Hu Yujin, the head of the preparatory department of the History Museum, very worried.why?This matter is a bit complicated to talk about.Anyone who is interested in the so-called "national studies" probably knows that Mr. Hu was originally an outstanding student of Nanjing Academy (11), who not only studied old learning deeply, but also learned a lot about the past.He knew that there was a pair of copper movable type hidden in the Hall of Martial Arts in the Qing Dynasty. Later, the eunuchs stole it too, and I stole it too. It was "exciting" to steal it. When the princes seemed to come to investigate, they set it on fire. .Of course, even the Hall of Martial Arts is gone, not to mention the amount of copper movable type.Unfortunately, the number of sacks in the Jingyi booth seemed to decrease frequently. The laborers were not national scholars, so he poured the treasures of the content on the ground and sold them for money with only the sacks.Mr. Hu thought of the story of the fire in the Hall of Martial Arts, and was afraid that when the sacks became scarcer, the Jingyi Pavilion would also be set on fire as usual; so he went to the Ministry of Education to discuss a method of relocation, sorting out, or destroying it.

The Department of Social Education is in charge of such matters, but the director is Mr. Xia Zengyou (12).People who do some "Chinese studies" probably know it. We don't need to read his other papers, but only need to read the two "Chinese History Textbooks" compiled by him to know how clearly he sees Chinese people.He knows that everything in China must not be "handled"; that is, just like archives, let them be, rotten, moldy, mothed, stolen, or even burned, the world will be peaceful; if one adds man-made, one "Do it", then the public opinion will be boiling, and it will be impossible to deal with it.The result is that those who handle affairs become the target of public criticism, and the whole family cannot tell the difference between rumors and slander.So his proposition is "this thing must not be moved".

These two old gentlemen who are familiar with the anecdotes of "do it" and "don't do it" have since understood what everyone means, talking and laughing, ... but they procrastinated.So the sacks lay peacefully for another ten years. This time Mr. F (13) came to be the director of education. He is a famous book collector and "archaeologist".I think he must have heard some rumors, thinking that there must be a good Song edition book in the sack—"the only overseas copy".Rumors of this kind are common, and I heard people say that there are some concubines' embroidered shoes and some king's skulls among them.One day, he sent an order to teach me and Chief G (14) to try the sack.Today we moved 20 people to the West Flower Hall, and the two of us looked at the treasures in the dust, most of them were congratulatory forms and yellow silk seals, if we wanted to agree, we could agree, but there were too many, so I didn't think it was surprising.There are also memorials, most of which are minor criminal cases, and the text is half full and half Chinese, and only a few are special, but they are all over the place, and I find it annoying.There is not even a single copy of the Palace Examination (15); there are several other boxes, originally in the Ministry of Education, but they are all second- and third-class papers. It is said that the higher-ranking papers have been stolen in the Qing Dynasty, let alone the number one.As for the Song Edition books, there are some, or half of them are tattered, or a few torn sheets.There are also Huangbang from the early Qing Dynasty, and there is also a manuscript of Shilu (16).He Zhengbiao of North Korea, I remember also found one.

We watched it for another two days afterwards, but we couldn’t remember the number of sacks clearly, but it was strange that at this time Deputy Chief Y (17) who was famous for investigating European and American education, and Counselor C (18) who was famous for talking big talk suddenly became archaeologists.They and Chief F are both "mindful" (19), inseparable among the dust and next to the torn paper.Whatever we pick up on the table, they always take it in, saying they are going to have a look.When it comes back, it's often a little less than it was before, which, by God, is true.

It was probably caused by a few Song edition books, and Chief F was going to organize it in a big way, and sent dozens of other staff members, but luckily I was not included.At that time, the Preparatory Office of the History Museum had moved to the Meridian Gate, and the director had been changed to YT (20); the sacks were sorted at the Meridian Gate. YT is a banner man who speaks very beautifully in a Beijing accent and never talks about writing. However, it is so strange that he has suddenly become an archaeologist, and he enjoys talking about it.Later, I still treasured a copy of Sima Fa (21) from the Song edition. Unfortunately, some corners were missing, but they were patched up with old-colored paper. I don’t remember much about the sorting method at that time. Basically, it was divided into two parts: “preservation” and “abandonment”, that is, “useful” and “useless”.From then on, dozens of members haunted the dust and torn paper every day, and gradually completed the work. I can't remember how many days they haunted. A part of the "preservation" was later allocated to Peking University for a large part.The rest are still in museums.The ones that were not needed were scattered on the gate tower of the Meridian Gate at that time. Then, these unnecessary things should be destroyed, so as not to catch fire. No, according to the "Advanced Official Textbook", it cannot be done so hastily.Dozens of people are sent to handle it, although if there are future troubles, they should be responsible and have nothing to do with the chief.But after all, there is only one department. When talking outside, it is still a certain department, not a certain person in a certain department.Since it is only a "department", it cannot have nothing to do with the chief. So I went to work and asked all the ministries to send staff to check again.This official business was very clever. In less than two weeks, all the ministries sent from two to four, many of whom were newly returned students from abroad, and they were still wearing brand-new foreign clothes.So Ji Ji staggered and burrowed back and forth among the dust and waste paper.However, it is strange to say that several brand-new overseas students suddenly became archaeologists again, stuffing torn paper and silk pieces into the pockets of foreign trousers—but this is a rumor, and I have not witnessed it. Now that this kind of ceremony has been held, that is to say, if there are future troubles, all ministries should be responsible, and they cannot stand aloof and make sarcastic remarks.From then on, the air above the Meridian Gate was no longer as tense as before. I saw a large group of torn papers spreading lonely on the ground, with one or two laborers holding long wooden sticks, stirring, picking up some yellow silk signposts and others. what you want. Then, these unnecessary things should be destroyed, so as not to catch fire. No. Director F is well versed in "advanced official studies", he knows that they must not be burned, once they are burned, they will become treasures, just like when people die, the obituaries are all the first-class good people.Moreover, his doctrine was not about avoiding fire, so he ignored it, and then he "resigned". These waste papers have never been mentioned again, until the History Museum sold them on their own, and then another mysterious storm arose. My words are really a bit of a disgrace, almost like saying that there is no treasure in this remnant of waste paper.So, what are the thrilling Tang paintings outside, Shu Shi Jing (22), Song edition books, where did they come from?I think this is also a question that others must send. I thought, that's what it is.Among the remnants of torn paper, there are probably so-called things left behind, but there may not be Shu engravings and Song editions, because this is what everyone pays attention to and searches for.There are so many good things now, firstly, because rich people stole things one after another, and they dared not show them to others, but now they have the opportunity to publish them; The signboard and listed. Also, Mr. Jiang thinks that the National Library "has spent a lot of time winning and losing every war for the past five or six years until now." That's not true.From the first year to the fifteenth year, the library has never suffered a loss in every war.Only when Yuan Shikai became emperor, he was almost robbed by a member of the royal family, but he survived.Its bad luck is that good books are replaced by similar books by those in power. After a long period of time, it is beyond recognition, but I don't want to say more here. It is really not easy to preserve things that are public in China.If the authority is a layman, he will spoil the things, and if he is an expert, he will steal the things.And it's not just about books or antiques. Nineteen twenty-seven, one two, two four. ---------------------------------- (1) This article was originally published on January 28, 1928, the seventh issue of the fourth volume of the "Yusi" weekly magazine. (2) "Da Nei Archives" refers to edicts, memorials, Zhu Yu, regulations, foreign seals, examination papers of Li Ke palace examinations and other documents stored in the cabinet treasury of the Qing Dynasty.The content is complex, and it is the original data about the history of the Qing Dynasty. (3) For Luo Zhenyu, see note (7) on page 389 of this volume.After the Revolution of 1911, he once cursed the Wuchang Uprising as "stealing Hubei" in his articles, and claimed that he "can't bear to see the country"; but he later lived in Tianjin and still traveled between Beijing and Tianjin. General elders and Japanese imperialists are plotting for restoration.In the spring of 1922, the Museum of History sold the remnants of Ouchi's archives to Beijing Tongmaozeng Paper Shop for 4,000 yuan; later Luo Zhenyu bought it for 12,000 yuan.In September 1927, Luo Zhenyu sold it to the Japanese Matsuzaki. (4) Jinliang Zixihou, a bannerman of the Han army stationed in Hangzhou.A Jinshi in the Guangxu period of the Qing Dynasty, he was once promoted to the Beijing Normal University Hall and the prefect of Fengtian Xinmin Mansion.After the Republic of China, he was a diehard who insisted on restoration.This refers to his article "Records of Visiting the Archives of the Cabinet Treasurer" published in "Oriental Miscellaneous" Volume 20, No. 4 (February 25, 1923). "Oriental Miscellany", a comprehensive publication, was published by the Commercial Press. It was first published in Shanghai in March 1904 and ceased publication in December 1948, with a total of 44 volumes. (5) Wang Guowei (1877-1927), courtesy name Jing'an, nicknamed Guantang, was born in Haining, Zhejiang Province, a modern scholar.He is the author of "History of Song and Yuan Opera", "Guantang Jilin", etc.He had a close relationship with Luo Zhenyu throughout his life. Under Luo's influence, he was recruited by Emperor Puyi of the Qing Dynasty to serve as the so-called "South Study Walk" in the Qing Palace; he committed suicide by drowning himself in Kunming Lake in the Summer Palace in Beijing in June 1927. (6) Jiang Yiqian's deeds are unknown.His article "On the Sale of Archives" was published on November 1, 1927, No. 1, Volume 2, of the semi-monthly Beixin. (7) Sandwich English: sandwich slices.Transliteration Sandwich. (8) Sentimental English: Sentimental.According to Jiang Yiqian's article, it is full of sentences such as "mourning", "crying bitterly", "I have gone! Dongdu! — A complete history of the Qing Dynasty!". (9) "Guo Dynasty" The subjects in the feudal era called this dynasty "Guo Dynasty", which refers to the Qing Dynasty here. After the Revolution of 1911, Luo Zhenyu still referred to the Qing Dynasty as the "National Dynasty" in his articles. (10) Hu Yujin (1859-1940), styled Suizhi, was born in Wu County, Jiangsu.At the end of the Qing Dynasty, he served as a member of the academic department Wailang and a professor of liberal arts in the Peking Normal University.Author of "Xu Huan Xuelin" and other books. (11) Nanjing Academy is located in Jiangyin County, Jiangsu Province. It was founded by Huang Tifang, Jiangsu Xuezheng in 1884, in the 10th year of Emperor Guangxu's reign in the Qing Dynasty.It has been engraved with "Nanjing Academy Series", "Nanjing Lecture House Collection" and so on. (12) Xia Zengyou (1865-1924), courtesy name Suiqing, was born in Hangzhou County (now Yuhang), Zhejiang. Guangxu Jinshi.In the late Qing Dynasty, together with Tan Sitong and Liang Qichao, he advocated new learning and participated in the reform movement.From May 1912 to July 1915, he served as the director of the Department of Social Education of the Ministry of Education of the Beiyang Government. His "Chinese History Textbook", from ancient times to the Sui Dynasty, has two volumes and was published by the Commercial Press.It was later renamed "Ancient Chinese History" and listed as one of the "University Series" compiled and printed by the library. (13) Mr. F refers to Fu Zengxiang (1872-1949), courtesy name Uncle Yuan, a bibliophile from Jiang'an, Sichuan.From December 1917 to May 1919, he served as the chief education officer of the Beiyang government. Author of "Tibetan Garden Qunshu Inscription" and other books. (14) The principal of G is unknown. (15) Palace examination is also called court examination, an examination presided over by the emperor.The palace examination is divided into three tops for admission, the first one is awarded Jinshi and the first place, and three are admitted (the number one scholar, the second place, and Tanhua), the second one is awarded Jinshi's background, and the third one is awarded the same Jinshi's background. (16) Record the chronicle of events during the reign of a certain emperor in the feudal dynasty, compiled by the historian at that time.Because of the abundant materials, it was often used by later historians. (17) Vice-Chairman Y refers to Yuan Xitao (1866-1930), courtesy name Guanlan, born in Baoshan, Jiangsu. He once served as the chairman of the Jiangsu Provincial Education Association, and served twice as the Deputy Minister of Education of the Beiyang Government from 1915 to 1919. (18) Counselor C refers to Jiang Weiqiao, Xuezhuzhuang, from Wujin, Jiangsu.From 1912 to 1917, he served as counselor of the Ministry of Education of the Beiyang Government three times. (19) See "Shangshu·Da Yumo" for the phrase "Nian here is here".Never forget the meaning. (20) YT refers to Yande, styled Mingyun, who was born in Zhenghuangqi, Manchuria.In this "Da Nei Archives", he obtained more than 940 characters of the Shu Stone Classic "Gu Liang Biography". (Luo Zhenyu also obtained more than 70 characters of "Guliang Biography", and both of them later sold them to Lujiang Liu Tiqian; Liu had photocopied eight volumes of "Mengshu Stone Classic" in 1926.) (21) The name of the ancient military book "Sima Law", a total of three volumes, the old title was written by Qi Sima Rangju, but it was actually compiled by the officials of King Qi Wei during the Warring States Period. Among them, Tian Rangju's method of using troops was attached, so it was called "Sima Rangju's Art of War". Later, "Sui Shu·Jing Ji Zhi" was thought to be written by him. (22) Shu Stone Classics During the Five Dynasties, Shu Emperor Meng Chang ordered Prime Minister Wu Zhaoyi to write in regular script "Yi", "Poetry", "Li", "Zhuan", "Lun", "Meng" and other eleven classics, The carved stones are listed in Chengdu Xuegong. The rubbings of this kind of stone scriptures are called Shu Stone Classics in later generations.Because it is the only one with annotations in the stone scriptures of the past dynasties, and there are relatively few typos, it has been valued by those who later studied Confucian classics.