Chapter 29 twenty-nine degrees

Jin Yuelin advocates that students have their own opinions and encourages them to express their opinions.Once at a logic seminar, someone mentioned a book by Gödel, who was famous at the time, and Jin Yuelin said that he would buy it and read it.One of his students, Shen Youding, immediately said to Mr. Jin: "Honestly speaking, you don't understand." Mr. Jin said "ohhhh" when he heard this, and then said: "Forget it." After Emperor Xianfeng died, the British wanted to support Prince Gong Yixin as emperor.After China and Britain and France signed an alliance under the city, they held a banquet for foreigners in the Ministry of Rites. The British and French soldiers sat beside them, and wanted to respect the prince as the chief, and make everyone below the prince kneel to welcome him.At that time, many ministers were trembling and trembling, but Chen Fuen, Minister of the Ministry of Officials, shook his clothes and said: "The prince and the ministers are the same. Today is the meeting of jade and silk. Nearly 10,000 people watched the ceremony. Our court rules and regulations are all in place, and there must be no chaos." The foreigners were overwhelmed by it, so the discussion was suspended.Soon Chen Fuen was exiled to Xinjiang by Cixi because of his attachment to Sushun.

When the Deng Shichang ship was destroyed, some staff members pushed the life-saving log to Deng, but Deng refused.Deng had two dogs on the ship, and these two dogs held Deng's arms to prevent the ship from sinking. Deng also pushed them away, but the two dogs insisted on holding Deng, so Deng had to hug the dogs and sink together.Tang Degang sighed and said: "Friendship in the last days, people are not as good as dogs!" In 1900, Li Hongzhang left Guangzhou to go north to resume his post as Minister of Beiyang. Pei Jingfu, the magistrate of Nanhai County, asked him what he could do to save the country from losses. No? How many years do I have? Every day the monk clocks the bell, and if the bell doesn’t ring, the monk will die.”

Li Hongzhang was forced to death by the Russians. On November 7, 1901, Li Hongzhang, who had had a fever, vomited blood and was bedridden for months, was exhausted.A few hours before his death, there was still a Russian envoy standing in front of the bed, holding an extremely harsh "Sino-Russian secret treaty", forcing him to sign and draw a pledge, but he firmly refused.After the Russian envoy left, Li Ji ordered his son to draft the will by scriptures, aiming at self-improvement, and recommended Yuan Shikai as his successor.When he was dying, he still hated Yuxian who connived at the Boxers and caused chaos.

In the year of 1898, Kang Youwei founded the National Protection Council in the Yuedong Guild Hall in Beijing. He gave an impassioned speech: "There are 400 million people in my China, no noble and no cheap. Today, we are under the collapse of the house, in the boat, and above the firewood." , like a bird in a cage, a fish in a pot, a prisoner in a prison, a slave, an ox, a dog, a sheep, driven by people, and cut off by people, these four thousand years have experienced unprecedented changes in twenty dynasties, In addition, the decline of the holy religion, the persecution of the race, and the terrific pain, there are people who really can't speak." Hearing his words, those who stood beside him burst into tears.Kang also said: "If the law is not changed, the country will be destroyed! When it comes to the cause of China's decline, it is said that the crime is all due to Lao Tzu..." He suddenly shouted: "If Lao Tzu was born today, I will shoot him!" Don't be moved.

In 1903, Zou Rong's "Revolutionary Army" was published with a preface by Zhang Taiyan.The book quickly became popular, and the Qing court was terrified, so they sent officers to arrest Zou and Zhang.When the police arrived, Zhang Taiyan sat down and waited for arrest with the determination to "bleed blood". However, Zou Rong had already escaped through the back door. When he heard that Zhang Taiyan had been arrested, he immediately surrendered himself to the Yamen.The two made a big fuss in the concession court, which aroused the support of public opinion across the country, so the Qing court did not dare to punish them formally. This is the famous "Su Bao case".

During the "May 4th Movement", students burned Zhao's house and beat Zhang Zongxiang.However, during the Anti-Japanese War, Cao, Lu, and Zhang did not accept formal pseudo-jobs despite the loss of many of their former names.However, Mei Siping, the famous student thug in Zhaojialou back then, actually became the pioneer of the Wang puppet regime, and later became the first person to be tried in Nanjing. Gu Hongming's father was the manager of a British-owned rubber plantation, and his mother was Portuguese.He was very intelligent since he was a child, and Brown, the British boss, liked him very much and adopted him as his adopted son.When he was ten years old, he went to Scotland with Brown to receive education. Before he died, his parents told him: "Don't forget that you are Chinese!"

Zhang Taiyan came out of Yu Yue's gate, and later opposed the Qing revolution, and was called "disloyal and unfilial" by Yu Yue. Zhang Sui wrote an article "Thanks to my teacher", severing the relationship between teachers and students.Zhou Zuoren learned ancient prose from Zhang Taiyan in Japan, and his disciples were very respectful. Later, Zhang Taiyan attached himself to Sun Chuanfang, and Zhou Zuoren also wrote an article "Thanks to the Teacher" to attack Taiyan.During the Anti-Japanese War, Zhou Zuoren joined the rebellion, and Shen Qiwu, his student at Peking University, also wrote "Thanks to the Teacher" to break up with him.

In the early years of the Republic of China, many famous prostitutes from Shanghai moved north to Beijing. One of them, Hua Yuanchun, died of illness shortly after arriving in Beijing, but no one buried her.When Ye Haowu heard about it, he first declared that he had nothing to do with her, and then said that since those acquaintances don't want to miss their old feelings, I will be in charge of the burial.Unexpectedly, a few months later, Ye Haowu also died in Beijing, and there was no one to collect him. At this time, the prostitutes in Bada Hutong united and organized a funeral for him.

After the U.S. "Chinese Exclusion Act" was released, there was no objection during the discussion in the Congress. The Chinese Minister to the U.S. Wu Tingfang who was watching was furious. He stood up and gave a speech, denouncing the U.S. congressmen for being inhumane and unreasonable, violating the teachings of Jesus and Washington's principle of equality and democracy. The last lesson...he spoke like this for an hour.During the period, some members thought that he had violated the regulations and asked him to withdraw from the meeting, but he turned a deaf ear to them; other members were subdued by him and asked him to continue to speak; Someone asked Wu Tingfang why he violated the parliamentary regulations. He said: "I was so angry at the time, I don't treat it like a human being!"

The United States promulgated the "Chinese Exclusion Act", and neighboring Mexico also wanted to do the same.Wu Tingfang rushed to Mexico City to discuss the matter.The Mexican side was arrogant and rude, and Wu Tingfang was furious. He stood up and slapped the case with his palms, saying: "Leave the flag and return to the country, and call the government to send a warship. See you later!" The Mexican side was terrified, and hurriedly asked the United States to mediate.The incident spread throughout North America at that time, and newspapers rushed to publish the incident of Wu Tingfang's angry shooting, and there were many cartoons of Chinese cruisers sailing straight to the Gulf of Mexico.

Kang Youwei's daughter, Kang Tongbi, once went to India alone to find her father, and wrote a poem: "If you talk about women who travel to the West, I am the first person in China." She has a seal with the words "Kang Yiren". Yang Du wrote "Song of Hunan Youth", and he was very proud of being a native of Hunan.The poem reads: "China is now Greece, and Hunan is Sparta. China will be Germany, and Hunan will be Prussia. Be cautious about this, don't talk about things. If you say that the country of China will die , unless all the people in Hunan die." Ju Zheng was a member of the old alliance, who once instigated anti-Chiang in Shanghai, but was betrayed by Xiong Shihui, then commander of the Shanghai Garrison, who tricked Ju Zheng into detention at the headquarters.After being detained in Nanjing, Ju's wife met Chiang Kai-shek, and Chiang asked Ju to write a letter of repentance before he could consider releasing him.Mrs. Ju said to Jiang: "Ju has a personality, you are not worthy of forcing him like this." Tan Sitong came out as a descendant, so he won't be liked by his father. When he was 12 years old, his second sister, biological mother and eldest brother died of the epidemic within five days. Tan was also infected and passed out for three days.Resurrection is because of despising his life, with deep thoughts and high hopes, and privately harboring Mozi's ambition to rub his head and let his heels go. In the early days of the Republic of China, Chiang Kai-shek began to emerge politically, but he still did not take off the color of a "little gangster" in Shanghai. At that time, his diary was full of contradictions between absurd debauchery and self-blame and restraint.For example, at the beginning of October 1919, he made up his mind: "From now on, it is forbidden to enter Huajie as an act of prostitution. If it is possible, please try it!" "Form is emptiness, emptiness is form, and the world can wake up to it!" But on October 15, he wrote: " In the afternoon, I went out for a few trips, and it was very bad, and the bad habit was hard to change." In the next few months, the diary was full of self-blame, and there was no "bad record".But at the beginning of 1920, he was unable to control his desires. On January 15th and 18th, he recorded respectively: "In the evening, I went out to wander, and I don't know where my identity has fallen!" In the apartment, I lose my temper, create something out of nothing, and ask for trouble." Until the summer, the diary often read: "I like to wander around every day, how can I stop it?" "It's late, I'm wandering again, luckily!" This summer, when he met an old friend, he felt that others disdain him and felt that he was despised by others. In his diary on August 7, he said: The most obscene and shameful person is only lustful. How can I break through this barrier? In the vast sea of ​​dust, there is no one with a noble personality like me, so why should I be despised by everyone!" On the 9th, it was recorded: "I am a prostitute. Evil deeds are one’s own entry into the pit of fire, so why not burn to death!” There are still a large number of records of the battle between “reason” and “desire” in later diaries, but at this time there are basically only “evil thoughts” but no “evil deeds” .He wrote: "My good name is greedy, and I use a simple word to cure it." "Seeing my heart is moving, this kind of psychology is ugly. If you don't make up your mind at this time and suffocate all desires, how can you extricate yourself!" "Desire To establish a career, first establish a character; if you want to establish a career, you must first establish a will; if you want to establish a will, you must first abstain from desire." "If you are constantly wandering, how can you maintain your health? How can you serve the country?"...It can be said that he has achieved success in "abstinence from sex" . After Tang Shaoyi resigned, Cai Yuanpei also petitioned for his resignation: "I respectfully beg the President to be the Minister of Education as soon as possible, so that Yuanpei can resign as soon as possible, which means that the blame for the dead body will be relieved as soon as possible." When he went to the presidential palace to resign face to face with Yuan Shikai , Yuan said to him: "I represent 400 million people to stay in the monarch." Cai Yuanpei said: "Yuanpei also resigned on behalf of 400 million people." During the First World War, many people were willing to revitalize the national industry.Fan Xudong and others set up an alkali factory and persuaded Chen Tiaofu to take up the technical responsibility of alkali production and work together.Chen said: "My ability is weak, and asking me to take on this important responsibility is equivalent to asking a child to be the head of the family." Fan said: "Everyone is a child, as long as they have determination, they can succeed." I will be smashed to pieces, and I will do it hard." Chen Dawei was moved and agreed to work together for the alkali industry.They went for a walk outside the factory and saw piles of salt lumps, shaped like hills, countless.Fan said to Chen: "A chemist who sees such abundant resources but is not ambitious is not a husband. I would still like to be buried in this place after I die." On the eve of Yuan Shikai's proclaiming emperor in 1915, he sent people to Shanghai to bribe Wang Chonghui to advocate the monarchy for Yuan. When Lu Xun and Zhou Yang had a dispute over "National Defense Literature," Chen Qichang, a Trotskyist, thought there was an opportunity to take advantage of it, so he wrote a letter to Lu Xun, trying to draw Lu Xun to his side. Letter from the Tskyites" in response.Lu Xun tried his best to do mean things in the article, such as "If someone makes a rumor against you, saying that the Japanese pay for you to run a newspaper", "I want to warn you that your superb theory will not be accepted by the Chinese public." You are welcome, what you have done is contrary to the morality of the Chinese people."In fact, Chen Qichang and his comrades were both frugal to run newspapers, and they were staunch anti-Japanese elements... Lu Xun was obviously a bit irresponsible.During the Anti-Japanese War, it was this Chen Qichang who, after being arrested by the Japanese military police, was unyielding and never uttered a single word. In the end, he was stuffed into a sack and stabbed to death with a bayonet, and thrown into the sea from Wusongkou. Chen Duxiu said: "I only pay attention to my own independent thinking, and I don't accommodate anyone's opinions. The remarks I made here have been widely stated to others. They are just my own opinions and do not represent anyone. I no longer I belong to any party, I am not ordered by anyone, I am self-assessed and responsible, and I don’t know who my friends will be in the future. I am not afraid of isolation.” When Hu Shi was giving lectures at Peking University, he often had banquets with Huang Kan.Once, when Hu Shi talked about Mohism by chance, Huang Kan immediately scolded: "Today's Mohist scholars are all bastards." Hu He was speechless.After a while, Huang Kan said again: "It is Hu Shi's venerable old man, and he is also a bastard." Hu Shi was furious, saying that he insulted his ancestors.At this point, Huang Kan laughed and said: "Calm down, I will test your ears! I heard that Mozi received both, and he has no father. Now that you have a father, how can you learn from Mohism? Yu Feijun, let's talk about the ears of the test. "The whole audience burst into laughter. One time, the Institute of Liberal Arts of Peking University held a research report meeting, and a graduate student surnamed Han presented a research report on Buddhism between the Sui and Tang Dynasties.After the reading, Hu Shi made his first criticism as the director of the institute, and just in the middle of speaking, Han Jun suddenly interrupted him and said, "Mr. Hu, stop talking, the more you talk, the more amateurish you become." So he stopped criticizing, without getting angry, and his generosity was amazing. Wang Lu is a "Sanyuan talented scholar" and Yu Youren's right-hand man.When Sun Yat-sen enshrined Nanjing, he collected his mourning words, and hundreds of people responded, but the king's mourning words were selected and praised by the world.He was later elected as the executive member of the Central Committee of the Kuomintang and the supervisor of the Qin and Jin Dynasties.Unfortunately, he died young.Many people proposed to erect a monument to commemorate the king. At the time of the Anti-Japanese War and the national calamity, there was a severe drought in Guanzhong, and the hungry people reported their stories. Seeing that the people were so miserable, Yu Youren said to the proponents: "It is better to save some money and let the people drink more. A few bowls of porridge!" Lin Changmin said: "Being the father of a talented daughter is not an easy blessing. You have to lower your family's seniority and first seek to achieve friendship and understanding." In the autumn of 1930, a provincial government of the Kuomintang was reorganized. A Peking University student asked Mr. Cai Yuanpei to recommend him to Chiang Kai-shek, and asked his old classmates to call Mr. Cai to make it happen.Zheng Tianting remembered that Mr. Cai quickly called back, and there was only one sentence: "I don't grow the flame of the country." Smedley asked Yang Hucheng: "Do you think China has great strength to resist Japan?" Yang said: "Who can answer this question theoretically? I think China's strength does not lie in planes and tanks. Japan has more planes and tanks." .Our strength lies in our understanding that we must fight against Japan. This is not simply a matter of material strength, it requires us to face reality and have a strong will. As long as we have a firm will, we will have the strength to fight the war.” When Qu Qiubai and Yang Zhihua parted, he divided the ten black lacquer-covered books into two halves: "These five are yours, and these five are mine. We parted and couldn't communicate, so just write what you want to say on it. When we meet again, let's exchange them!" In July 1937, Chiang Kai-shek delivered a speech at the Lushan Talk Conference: "We are about to come to this miserable situation in the world. In this world, no nation with a little personality can bear it. We cannot respond to the war. As soon as the war begins Afterwards, because we are a weak country and there is no chance for compromise, if we give up size, land and sovereignty, we will be the sinners of the Chinese nation through the ages." Jiang said: "If the war breaks out, there will be no distinction between land, north and south, and people. Young and old, no matter who they are, they all have the responsibility to defend the land and resist the war, and they should all have the determination to sacrifice everything." The Japanese army approached Xiamen. Master Hongyi declared to the monks who were in panic all day long: "We eat the millet of China and drink the water of Wenling. As a disciple of the Buddha, we cannot travel together at this time. It is not as good as a dog. The dog can still guard the gate for the Lord, and I have nothing to use, but I am still shy to be eaten, so I can be worthy of my heart!" The next year, he reported Liu Yazi's verse: "A branch of chrysanthemum in a pavilion stands tall and strong. Festival. The color of the cloud is bright red, martyrdom should bleed." During the Anti-Japanese War, Zhou Zuoren was trapped in Beiping. Hu Shi heard that Zhou Zuoren had a rebellious heart in London, so he sent a poem to persuade him.The poem said: "Mr. Zang Hui had a dream last night. He dreamed that the old monk who was drinking tea in the Kuyu nunnery suddenly put down the tea clock and went out, flying southward with a stick. Isn't it too hard for thousands of miles in the south? Only for the wise to know Heaviness and lightness. When I wake up from the dream, I put on my clothes and open the window, who knows that I am a little lovesick at this moment.” Mr. Zang Hui refers to Hu Shi himself, and Ku Yu’an refers to Zhou Zuoren.Unexpectedly, Zhou Zuoren failed to "know the important and the light". After the Japanese army occupied Qingdao, Wang Tongzhao was trapped in Shanghai, and his life was so difficult that he lived on pawns.Someone informed him: "Your home in Qingdao has been taken by the Japanese, but as long as you go back to work, the house will naturally be returned to you." Wang Tongzhao took the case and said, "I will never be Zhou Zuoren's second!" After Wang Jingwei left Chongqing, Pan Yunchao sighed deeply, but still did not believe that he would join the enemy.After Wang turned from Hanoi to join the enemy, Pan was filled with hatred, and wrote the ancient words of Yuefu in his handwriting: "Your father did not cross the river, but you crossed the river, and you died after crossing the river. What can you do?" The relationship between Chen Gongbo and Wang Jingwei is very similar to Wang Bodang and Li Mi in "Xing Tang Biography".Li Mi rebelled against the Tang Dynasty, and Bodang tried to persuade him, but Li Mi refused, so Bodang fled with him, and was finally killed together with him.When Wang Jingwei wanted to treason at first, Chen Gongbo complained bitterly, but Wang refused to listen.Chen Gongbo wrote to a friend and said: "It's not that he doesn't know what he can't do, but he can't bear Mr. Wang's helplessness." So he joined the enemy with Wang. After Wang died, Chen became the pseudo-leader, but he insisted on adding the word "dai" before his title. .After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, Chen Gongbo wrote a letter to Chiang Kai-shek, the enemy he had always opposed, in Japan, expressing his willingness to come back and accept the crime.Before he died, he specially gave a small teapot to Chen Bijun, who was also in prison, as a final gift.It is said that when he was dying, his expression did not change a little. Chen Bijun has the style of the Russian Decembrists. She did not know Wang Jingwei. When Wang Jingwei decided to assassinate the regent, she encouraged Wang as a revolutionary and said: "Go do it, you will die tomorrow. I didn't." Next to you.In this way, she slept with Wang Jingwei for one night. During the Xi'an Incident, all of Chiang Kai-shek's entourages were arrested or killed, except Chen Cheng.Song Wenmei, the battalion commander in charge of the scene, was very alarmed and ordered a strict search. As a result, Chen Cheng was found in an empty beer box in the basement of the Xijing guest house.Song patted Chen on the shoulder, and said contemptuously: "Soldier! Why are you so shameful!" Yang Hucheng reprimanded Song after hearing the news: "We are a political action, how can there be insults to personality?" On December 25, 1936, the second day after the agreement was reached in the Xi'an Incident, Zhang Xueliang saw that the goal of forcing Chiang Kai-shek to resist Japan had been achieved, so he decided to let Chiang Kai-shek go back to Nanjing.Zhang Xueliang insisted on sending Jiang back to Nanjing in person, but many people advised him not to, lest Jiang retaliate.But Zhang Xueliang firmly believed in Chiang's personality. When he accompanied Jiang to the airport, Chiang Kai-shek said to Zhang Xueliang: "We are two brothers, benevolent and righteous, and never complain. We will make a legacy in history." Zhang Xueliang was very excited and expressed his desire to Send Jiang back to Nanjing in person.Jiang said: "My brother and I understand that it will be difficult for you to go to Nanjing. If they plan on you, I will be infamous for a long time." airplane. After Chen Yuan read one of Qigong's compositions, he liked it very much, and recommended Qigong to teach at Furen Middle School, but was rejected by the middle school. Directly hired Qi Gong as a Chinese lecturer at Fu Jen Catholic University. In the middle of the night on August 14, 1945, Japan announced its unconditional surrender.At noon of the next day, Chiang Kai-shek, on behalf of the Chinese government, made a radio speech on "repaying grievances with virtue" to the whole world, claiming that "not thinking of old evils and being kind to others are the most noble and noble virtues of our national tradition. ". It was the first time for Shen Congwen to give a lecture on stage. There were so many students who came here attracted by his name, and the classroom was full.He raised his eyes and saw a mass of people's heads in blackness. He was startled suddenly and stood there blankly for nearly 10 minutes.After finally opening his mouth, he spoke hastily while copying the lecture outline on the blackboard.The scheduled 1-hour lecture content was finished in more than 10 minutes in a busy schedule.He fell into embarrassment again and had no choice but to pick up chalk and write on the blackboard: "It's the first time I'm in class, and I'm scared when I see there are so many of you." I can't speak a word for an hour." The discussion reached Hu Shi's ears, and Hu Shi smiled and said: "If you can't speak in class, and the students don't bombard him, this is success." Lu Xun said: "A great man should be connected with the bliss of heaven and the pain of hell; a healthy nerve should be connected with the heart of a loving mother and the heart of a child." Mei Ruao, who was a judge of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East, once said: "I am not a revanchist. I have no intention of writing the blood debt owed to us by the Japanese imperialists on the Japanese people's account. However, I believe that forgetting the past Misery may invite future disaster." Many scholars came to the United States, obtained foreign fame, and later applied for "green cards". Since then, they have settled in foreign countries. There is no such good lake and mountain in their hometown!I am happy here, and I don’t think about Shu.Hu Shi lived in the United States for more than ten years, but never applied for this "card". Song Meiling was the youngest and longest-lived of the "Three Song Sisters". She died in the United States in October 2003 at the age of 106.Kong Lingyi stated that Soong Meiling does not have a US passport; she does not have any real estate or other valuable assets in the US and Taiwan, leaving only US$120,000.The only house she owned was in Shanghai, which was the dowry when she married Chiang Kai-shek in Shanghai in 1927, and it was also the only real estate Soong Meiling had before her death. In December 1943, 50-year-old Ye Shengtao said: "In the writings of my friends, they all talk about my writing and my personality; I know these two points clearly, they are mediocre. Being a person is the foundation, and of course mediocre people can't write When I say that I am mediocre, I don’t mean that I lack all kinds of common sense and cannot become an expert; It does not go deep into its bottom, but only stands on the floating part." Mei Yiqi treats people calmly and calmly, and speaks humorously and moderately.When he encounters a problem, he always asks others "What do you think should be done?" or "Let's think about it again", and he is never in a hurry.Because he likes to use auxiliary words such as "maybe" and "or" when speaking, the students gave him a couplet: "probably maybe or maybe, maybe it's almost the same." Mao Zedong’s self-assessment said: “I have never believed that my few small books have such great magical powers. Now after he blows it up, the whole party and the whole country are blowing it up. They forced them to go to Liangshan, and it seems that they can't agree with them... Ruan Ji from the Jin Dynasty opposed Liu Bang. When I was young, I once said: I am confident that if I live for two hundred years, I will be hit by water for three thousand miles. It can be seen that I am full of air. But I am not very confident. I always feel that there are no tigers in the mountains, and monkeys are called kings. I have become such a king. But it's not eclecticism. I have a bit of tiger spirit, which is the main one, and some monkey spirit, which is the second. I once cited a few words written by Li Gu, a later Han Dynasty man, to Huang Qiong's letter: Shanyao is easy to break, Those who are bright and bright are easy to be polluted. The spring is white and snowy, and the peaceful ones are widowed. Under the reputation, it is actually difficult to live up to it. These last two sentences are referring to me." In August 1952, Hunan University assessed the salary level of teachers, with the highest being level six. Of course, Yang Shuda was one of them. Taller.When he heard that Tan Pimo and Yang Rongguo were also rated as Grade 6, Yang Shuda was very dissatisfied: "Tan Pimo couldn't even understand the extremely shallow text of the Sino-Soviet Treaty, so he was rated as Grade 6. Yu suggested that it should be reduced, but no one believed it. In all honesty, Yu Ping is the most senior, no less, but being at the same level as Yang Rongguo and Tan Pimo is considered an insult." The rebels wanted to criticize Chen Yinke. Liu Jie, who was the director of the Chinese Department of Sun Yat-sen University at the time, was Chen's disciple. He was willing to fight for Chen and said, "This is my honor!" In 1954, articles by Li Xifan and Lan Ling led to criticism of Yu Pingbo's "A Study of the Dream of Red Mansions".Chen Yinke said: "Everyone scolds Yu Pingbo, I don't agree. When you read his articles in the past, you didn't speak up. Today, you have all become echoers. It is said that one dog barks at the shadow, and a hundred dogs bark at the sound." On August 1, 1957, Yin Haiguang's editorial "Counterattacking the Mainland Issue" was published in "Free China".The article said: "All the actions of a 'country' are based on such a vague assumption, which is too unsteady. A group of people who are active on such a vague assumption will not 'live and die'. Go all the way?" Yin dared to challenge the so-called "basic national policy" in the high-pressure and terrifying environment of the Kuomintang at that time, which is really not easy! In 1967, during the enlarged meeting of the Military Commission at the Jingxi Hotel, facing Jiang Qing's arrogance and domineering, Ye Jianying was so angry that she slammed the table and broke her palm bone.This person has always been refined and self-reliant, and Jiang Qing was astonished by it. Wang Zengqi said: "One must mobilize the essence of one's own life, fight with all one's strength, and refine oneself into one's own sword like a general and Mo Xie. This is called living." During the "Cultural Revolution", Hong Xin suffered several catastrophes. He was forced to survive and die, so there came a "I will admit what you say", and even added absurd fabrications, called "Double Agent" ", these are naturally clarified later, he is nothing.People asked him why he did this, and the honest man who was not good at words said, "Anyway, it will be overthrown sooner or later." Fei Xiaotong said when recalling the experience of the "Cultural Revolution": "We are all actors in fighting dramas, and we are all playing roles. Some people are better at acting than others, but we are also playing roles. Sometimes I also play bad roles that criticize others. Condemning and writing big-character posters against others! We had to act... I became a bystander, which is very interesting, because in the process of observing others, I also have the opportunity to observe myself. I think, after all those years, I really know how to be a human being It should be detached, and the realm should be higher." After the "Cultural Revolution" that began in 1966 reached its climax, large slogans "Down with Chen (Yi), Ji (Pengfei), Qiao (Guanhua)" were plastered all over the compound of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs.During the "internal campaign" of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Qiao Guanhua was criticized many times by the rebels.For a period of time, he was forced to sell tabloids on the streets of Wangfujing next to the Beijing Hotel.After Qiao Guanhua was taken away, one day he secretly called Gong Peng and asked, "What if the rebels force me to write?" Gong Peng said firmly, "Don't write anything. If you do, don't enter the house." In January 1967, the "Red Flag" magazine published Yao Wenyuan's long essay "Comment on the Two-Faced Counter-Revolutionary Zhou Yang".Hu Feng was serving his sentence in Sichuan. Someone asked him to expose Zhou Yang, but Hu refused.Hu Feng was very emotional when his opponent Zhou Yang was defeated in this way. He said to Mei Zhi: "It's true that one generation is not as good as the next generation. This is not talking about literary and artistic thoughts, it's just nonsense! Unexpectedly, Yao Pengzi's son would criticize Zhou Yang!" In October 1973, the campaign of "Criticizing Lin and Confucianism" was launched. At the National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, people forced Liang Shuming to express his stance on criticizing Lin and Confucianism.So the 81-year-old Liang Shuming talked like he was teaching at the Peking University forum.He started by elaborating Chinese culture, affirming the historical status and academic achievements of Confucius in the history of Chinese culture, and said: "Does Lin Biao want to follow the path of Confucius and follow the path of Confucius and Mencius? I can't believe it. I don't think Lin Biao is the victim. Confucius." Therefore, "My attitude is: not to criticize Confucius, but to criticize Lin." What he said was completely against the "Cultural Revolution" of the central government.The news spread, causing a sensation in Beijing.As a result, the CPPCC National Committee's "criticizing Lin and Confucius" developed into "criticizing Liang".From March to September 1974, more than 100 large and small criticism meetings were held.He must come to every meeting and listen carefully.What's even more commendable is that he was calm, and he even practiced Tai Chi during the meeting.At the end of September, the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference held a concluding meeting to criticize Liang.The host repeatedly asked him to talk about his thoughts on the criticism meeting, but he only said one sentence: "The three armies can win the commander, but the common man can't lose his ambition!" The host was stunned. In his later years, Ba Jin advocated telling the truth, which drew applause from inside and outside the literary world.Although Xiao Qian respected Ba Jin very much, he did not agree with the literary leader on this issue, but expressed his own point of view: "Try to tell the truth, and never tell lies." Zhang Naiqi said in the Da Ming Da Fang movement: According to my contact with the hospital, there are two kinds of people in particular, one is neurasthenia, and the other is high blood pressure.I think in sports, it is inevitable for those who fight others to suffer from this disease, and it is even more inevitable for those who are fought.That's why I say that class has been basically eliminated now, and class characteristics can also be said to have been basically eliminated, and everyone is unanimously transitioning to the commonality of human beings.Don't be impersonal.People, regardless of party or non-party, public or private, trust each other. ... I think, before my thoughts are clear, I should feel at ease and think about it relaxedly and happily.Because you have a clear conscience, why panic?I hope that during the rectification movement, both the critics and those criticized will act in a gentle spirit. Li Ao likes Hemingway. Hemingway once said that people can be defeated but not defeated. Li Ao did this.He once ridiculed the "scar literature" in the mainland as "crying and crying without any future".He has the right to say this. He suffered 10 years of torture in the black prison. After he came out, he did not change his attitude, and his smile remained the same.