Chapter 71 (28) Comments on Huang Zunxian's Poems (1)

When modern people talk about the reformation of the poetry world, they must push Huang Gongdu①. The big sentence of the genius in "The Poetry of Human Realm" is self-made.There are many discussions in the five ancient times, and they are close to Suiyuan and Oubei②;The approach is not very high, and the language skills are inferior;Yin Shilu commented on Wang Shengzhi's article ⑤: "Support but not flow";Bold as a literary department, there is no way to surpass his hometown Song Zhiwan⑥.It is difficult to talk about the famous things of Western systems, and to use the science of sound, photoelectricity and chemistry as embellishment, but it is difficult to understand the subtlety of the elegance and the subtlety of the rationality of the Westerners.Therefore, there are new things in his poems, but no new ideas.For example, "Fan Ke Pian", but Hu Zhiwei's "Hai Jia Shi"⑦. "Song with a bottle of miscellaneous offerings of lotus, chrysanthemum and peaches", but what is said in "Huainanzi? What is said in Bai's "chrysanthemum vase inserting plums" poem ⑨: "Gao Shilei dynasties are often handed down together, and beautiful women are rare at the same time"; same country".Those who are new to learning and have a little knowledge of the past, and those who are old and eager to keep up with the times, are all good at tolerance.Ge Ruobeng's words about the restoration of the poetry world only refer to driving the ancients from the west, and they are still writing poems in barbarian language when they join the army. (23-24 pages) ① Huang Gongdu: Huang Zunxian, a poet in the late Qing Dynasty.He is the author of eleven volumes of "Entry Lu Poems and Grass".

② Suiyuan: Yuan Mei of the Qing Dynasty, Zicai, had a villa in Suiyuan, and wrote "Suiyuan Poetry Talk" in sixteen volumes, with ten volumes of addenda. Twenty-six volumes of "Xiaocang Shanfang Poetry Collection".Oubei: Zhao Yihao of the Qing Dynasty, who wrote ten volumes of "Oubei Shihua", two sequels, and fifty-three volumes of "Oubei Collection". ③Shu Tieyun: Qing Shuwei, author of the sixteen volumes of "Pingshuizhai Poetry Collection". ④ Gong Ding'an: Qing Gong Zizhen, author of three volumes of "Ding'an Anthology" and "Gong Ding'an Complete Works".

⑤ Yin Shilu: Song Yinzhu, who wrote twenty-seven volumes of "Henan Collection".Wang Shengzhi: Song Wang Yirou characters. ⑥Song Zhiwan: Xiangzi in the Qing and Song Dynasties, wrote five volumes of "The Poetry of the Three Rooms of Hongxing". ⑦Hu Zhiwei: In the Qing Dynasty, Hu Tianyou wrote six volumes of "Shizhen Shanfang Anthology" and twelve volumes of poetry anthology. ⑧ "Huainanzi": Twenty volumes of "Huainanzi" written by Liu An, king of Huainan in the Han Dynasty. ⑨Cha Chubai: Check out Shenxing characters, and wrote 50 volumes of "Jingyetang Ji".

⑩Joining the army and writing poems in barbarian language: "Shi Shuo Xin Yu? Pai Tiao": "Hao Long joined the army for Huan Gong (Wen) Nanman, and met on March 3rd to write poems. He wrote a sentence: 'Yaoyu Yuqingchi ’ Huan asked: ‘What is the Yuyu?’ He replied: ‘The barbarian’s famous fish is the Yuyu.’ Duke Huan said: ‘Why do you write poems in barbarian language?’” This one is about Huang Zunxian's poems in the late Qing Dynasty.During the period when Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao advocated the reform movement, Kang Youwei said in "On Poetry with Shuyuan": "The soul of the new world is born in a strange and strange environment, and we search for Eurasia to create a new voice." Voice.Liang Qichao, Xia Zengyou and Tan Sitong advocated "revolution in the poetry world".Liang Qichao said in "Hawaii Travel Notes":

"If you want to be the Columbus and Marcello in the poetry world, you must be prepared for three advantages: first, you need new artistic conception, and second, you need new sentences, and you must enter them in the style of the ancients, so that they can become poems." "Shi Yan." Among them, Huang Gongdu is the one who can be the poet's poem, and who is determined to build a new country." Mr. Qian believes that "if the generation talks about the restoration of the poetry world, it only refers to driving the old west", so he calls them "the poetry world restoration", not the For "Poetic Revolution".Mr. Qian suggested that "the big sentence of genius in "The Poetry of Human Realm" is his own hand." How did Huang Zunxian's "big sentence of genius" come about?Huang Zunxian wrote in "Human Realm Lu Poetry Grass Preface": "The servant thought that there are things outside the poem, and there are people in the poem. The world today is different from the past, so why should the people of today be the same as the ancients. Try to set up a poetic realm in your heart. : One is to compare the body of the old-fashioned people; one is to use the god of one-way to move the body of the couple; The method is used to enter poetry. Its materials are also collected from the three histories of the group classics, the books of Zhou and Qin scholars, and the annotations of Xu and Zheng's families. For example, today’s official scriptures, dialects, and proverbs, as well as things that the ancients did not have, unexplored territories, and what the ears and eyes experience, are all written in pen. The refinement is also from Cao, Bao, Tao, Xie, Li, Du, Han, and Su Yu came to Xiaojia in the late 1980s. They are not famous for their style, they are not specific, and they are my poems." Kang Youwei's "The Preface to Poems in the Human Realm": "And travel to Britain and the United States for a long time. The study of China is based on the strengths of Europeans and Americans, and is self-satisfied. It is especially suave and conceited, and it is incomparable to look at the whole country. But the poetry is profound and wonderful, and the exotic world is opened up day by day, such as traveling to islands, fairy mountain pavilions, and Yaohua onyx Cranes are nothing more than rare and rare." Huang Zunxian's poems are praised in this way.Mr. Qian has a different view.He thinks that his five ancient discussions are all over the place, and he is close to Yuan Mei and Zhao Yi.The language skill is inferior, the sly spirit still exists, and it is often gaudy.Bold writing can never surpass his hometown, Song Xiang.Regarding the comment on "there is no way to surpass his hometown Song Zhiwan", Mr. Qian Zhonglian said: "It is Song Xiang's specialty to apply the spirit of a single line to the seven rhythms, and the author grew up in Song Xiang's hometown. There is no doubt that there is some influence in "Shanfang Poems", so in his early works such as "Wuyi Dao Zhongzuo" and other five rhythms, there are still obvious traces of learning Song Xiang poetry."

(Foreword to Notes on Poems in the Human Realm) As for the comment that "the spirit is still there, it always becomes gaudy", see the following discussion on Huang Zunxian's poems. Mr. Qian has different views on the new state and new artistic conception of Huang Zunxian's poems praised by others. Therefore, there are new things in his poems, but no new rationale." When Mr. Qian discussed Yan Fu and Wang Guowei's poems, he focused on new rationale.Observation in this way is more profound.Huang Zunxian's poems with new ideals are highly valued, such as Liang Qichao's "Poetry Talk in the Ice Room": "There is a poem in "The Collection of Renjinglu", entitled "Singing a Bottle of Miscellaneous Offerings of Lotus, Chrysanthemum, and Peach", which is half based on Buddhist principles, and also refers to Western poetry. The theories of botany, chemistry, and physiology have completely opened up new barriers for the poetry world." It is also like (Fan Ke Pian), which describes the customs of overseas Chinese in Southeast Asia and their tragic experiences.

These poems are written new content.Mr. Qian thinks that these poems are not new.Mr. Qian thinks that "Fan Ke Pian" is just like Hu Zhiwei's "Hai Jia Shi", which describes the life of merchants at sea.Like "Compose a song with a bottle of miscellaneous offerings of lotus, chrysanthemum and peaches", (Huang Zunxian recuperated in the Overseas Chinese Sheshan Building in Singapore, where "various flowers are full of trees, there is no winter or summer, and the rest of the hands pick lotus, chrysanthemum, peaches and plums and put them in the vase." See "Jihai Miscellaneous Poems" self-note) the combination of lotus, chrysanthemum and peach blossoms to express the unity of different races, like "Huainanzi? The Miao people moved to Sanwei, so that the Miao people and the people in the Sanwei area became one family; like Cha Chubai's "Plum Blossoms in a Chrysanthemum Vase", which was passed down by Gao Shi and beautiful women at the same time.However, Huang Zunxian was born in the late Qing Dynasty, so instead of saying "there is a family of Miao and Sanweitong", he said "the yellow, white and black species belong to the same country".That is to say, what was written in Huang Zunxian's poem has similar content written by predecessors, but the time is different, and the way of saying it is slightly different.He also mentioned "support but not flow", saying that Huang Zunxian's poems cannot help but flow.That is, the content is rich but the diction is not concise enough.

(2) Commenting on Huang Gongdu's poems, the tone of the words is blunt, and the contempt is not expressed.Mr. Wu Yuseng was quite dissatisfied, and he said to Yu: "It's a great thing to 'learn new knowledge and keep a little knowledge of the past'. It is too harsh for Zizhi to discuss nothing." Lectures on old Chinese poetry, using Gongdu as the Jinliang.Don't worry about other things, ghosts come and break their mouths, just thank you.Qian Junzhong's annotations to "The Poetry of the Human Realm"②, which can be traced to Feng's father and son's annotations of Yuxi and Dongpo③, and his own "Meng Tiao'an Poetry Talk", also excerpted from Yu Ping Gongdu's "vulgar" , slightly expressing the meaning of taking the harp and singing ④.Mr. Hu Bu once ordered Yu to order his "Repentance Poems" ⑤, because of Taoism and "Talking Art Records", this section is allowed.When discussing poetry, Mr. Hu first attacked Hu Shi's contradictions, and later he disagreed with Mr. Yu Seng.Yu Yu was a poet in the late Qing Dynasty, pushing Uncle Jiang and Gongdu as envoys and cao⑥.Uncle Su may lose his plagiarism, or his commonness may lose his sweetness and vulgarity, it doesn't matter that the two of them are talented and strong pens.After Qianjia, the styles of Suiyuan, Oubei, Zhongze, Chuanshan, Yijia, and Tieyun⑦ converged to form a style; they were fluent and light, unpretentious in style, used scrolls without being secluded, and wrote spiritually without being frivolous.For example, the chapter 8 of "Chu Tingqi's Old Poems" presented by Gongdu Township mostly belongs to this style.It is this style that the few works deleted by Gongdu and compiled into "Human Jinglu Jiwai Poems" are exactly in this style.Uncle Jiang Yu tried his best to correct it, the author of Tongguangti tried his best to correct it, Wang Renqiu and Deng Mizhi also tried their best to correct it⑨;Gongdu is not only unconventional and unfashionable, but actually stands out from the crowd, which is rare in Siyou.Its "Preface" has a saying: "Its practice is also from Cao, Bao, Tao, Xie, Li, Du, Han, and Su to the late Jin Xiaojia." Doesn't it express love for the ancients and not belittle the neighbors?Dao Guang Yonghong, and Shu Zhichang said: "I don't like works that have been written for 500 years since the Ming Dynasty" (Fu Zhaolun's "Zhuo Fengtang Poetry Notes" preface to Uncle Su ⑩, visit Xie Zhangting's "Gambling Chess Villa Collection" Volume 2 "with Liang Auditorium Book") ⑾, the difference is different.Liang Rengong called Xia Suiqing, Jiang Guanyun and Gongdu the "Three Masters of Poetry"⑿, and the poems of Xia and Jiang that I have seen seem to be incomplete.Although Qiu Canghai and Gongdu sang for money⒀, he did not allow him to fight shoulder to shoulder.Yu said that Wang Jing'an incorporated Western principles into his poems, and there is nothing wrong with Gongdu. It does not mean that Jing'an is better than Gongdu.Looking at "Human Jinglu Jiwai Poetry", you can know how to start with Gongdu.Later, he made great progress in learning and raising, but the habit is still there, and the acquaintance is unforgettable. If he gets Canglang, he may use it to break down his flesh and blood and return it to his parents.The editor doesn't know much about it.For example, the four poems in "Chun Yin" are cut into seven poems and eight poems; the fifty-one poems in "Bride's Poems" are the imaginary words of the dowry, and the genus of "Girlfriend Qin Sheng" is regarded as a self-report. It is compiled according to the year of Gongdu's childbirth.These are all ridiculous and need to be corrected. "Japanese Miscellaneous Poems" depends entirely on self-annotation, and the bamboo is better than the pearl.Assuming the facts of our country, describing the customs of Dongying, it is difficult to do things honestly, but it is difficult to write poems.For example, the fifty-ninth poem chanting female students says: "Holding books, the long kneels to borrow the red lace, sings and then picks up the needle to make embroidery. Return to the parents to ask for flowers and fruits, and hook out the map of the earth secretly." According to Song Zhiwan's "Red Apricot Mountain" Volume 3 of Fang Poetry and Grass, "Reminiscing Youth", the second poem ⒁: "What is the article in the world, write five or six lines straight with a pen. I saw the husband and smiled, and asked for clothes before the mother." Gongdu seems to be a hermit. Meaning, after pulling together the article, the whole is broken and the sharp is blunt. (Pages 347-348) ①Wu Yuseng: Wu Mi character.He used to be a professor at Tsinghua University.

②Qian Zhonglian: Qian Esun Zi, professor of Soochow University.There is "Annotation to the Poetry of the Human Realm". ③ Feng's father and son: Feng Hao in the Qing Dynasty commented on Li Shangyin's poems, and there is "Notes on Yuxi Sheng Poetry Collection".Feng Yingliu annotated Su Shi's poems, and there is "Su Wenzhonggong's Poems Combined Notes". ④ Take a harp and sing: "The Analects of Confucius? Yanghuo": "If you are sad and want to see Confucius, Confucius says goodbye to his illness. The man who will be ordered to go out of the house, take a harp and sing, so that he can hear it."

⑤ Hu Buzeng: Hu Xiansu, a former professor of Southeast University. ⑥Uncle Jiang Yu: Qing Jiangshi characters, there are fifteen volumes of "Fu Mo Tang Wei Lu" and four volumes of "Continued Records". ⑦ Suiyuan, Oubei, Zhongze, Chuanshan, Yijia, Tieyun: Yuan Mei, Zhao Yi, Huang Jingren, Zhang Wentao, Guo Yu, Shuwei. ⑧ "Old Poems of Chu Tingqi": Twenty-one volumes of the first collection, compiled by Wu Chongyao of the Qing Dynasty. ⑨Wang Renqiu, Deng Mizhi: Wang Kaiyun, Deng Fulun. 10 Fu Zhaolun: There are twenty volumes of "Zhuofeng Thatched Cottage Poems".

⑾ Xie Zhanglang: There are seven volumes of "Chess Villa Anthology". ⑿Ren Gong: Liang Qichao.Xia Suiqing: Xia Zengyou.Jiang Guanyun: Jiang Zhishan. ⒀Qiu Canghai: Qiu Fengjia. ⒁ Song Zhiwan: Song Xianghao, there are thirteen volumes of "Hongxingshanfang Shichao". This article discusses Huang Zunxian's poems again.Mr. Qian commented on Huang Zunxian's poems in the last article, saying that he "still has a sly spirit, but always becomes gaudy". When Mr. Qian was studying at Tsinghua University, his teacher Wu Mi did not approve of such criticism. "Mr. Huang Gongdu, Jiaying, is a great poet in modern China. "Human Jinglu Collection" has been circulated for a long time and is very popular. More than 20 years ago, Liang Rengong said that he can best integrate new ideas and new things into old styles. He is the mentor of innovation in the poetry world." Qian Zhonglian's "Meng Tiao'an Poetry Talk" stated: ""The Poetry of the Human Realm" has mixed reviews, and people like Liang Rengong and Hu Shi recommend it as everyone. Like Hu Buzeng and my friend Xu Chengyu thinks that there are many flaws, absurd and perverse. Qian Zhongshu also criticizes it as humble and vulgar. As a poem on publicity, we should focus on the big things, not to be fussy about the small details. Its nature is open and generous. Bao Ju is really able to open up towns independently of the ancients. The work of touching the time and feeling is tragic and exciting, and it is passed down to other years, which is enough to be the history of poetry. As far as the depth of skill is concerned, the Song Dynasty poets in the late Qing Dynasty are all superior. The merits of publicity are definitely not here.” Here I disagree with the statement that belittles Huang Zunxian’s poems, including the statement of “Bigge” and “Vulgarity”, but I don’t specifically refute it. meaning.Hu Xianshu (Zi Buzeng) "Reading Zheng Ziyin Chao Jingchao Poetry Collection": "The "Introduction to Qing Dynasty Academics" written by Liang Rengong said: 'Until the end of the season, there were Jin He, Huang Zunxian, and Kang Youwei, full of vitality, outstandingly called everyone.' This statement is enough to prove that Ren Gongzhi has a taste of the realities of poetry." "Huang Gongdu's and Kang Gengsheng's poems are majestic and majestic, but they are too short of tailoring and full of flaws, but they are not enough to be called full of vitality." Xu Ying " "On Modern Chinese Studies": "The poems of Jin He, Huang Zunxian, and Kang Youwei are absurd, perverted, and extremely ugly. Liang Qichao said that his vitality is full of vitality, and he is outstanding. What he likes is not a general theory." This is a review of Huang Zunxian's poems There are different evaluations. Mr. Qian also said: "Yu Yu, a poet in the late Qing Dynasty, promoted Uncle Jiang and Gongdu as an envoy and Cao." Cao Cao boiled wine and talked about heroes, saying: "The only heroes in the world are the envoy (Liu Bei) and Cao Er." It is believed that Jiang Shi and Huang Zunxian's poems can be compared.Shao Zuping's "Endless Zangzhai Poetry Talk", said Jiang Shi's "Fuyingtang Poetry Records": "Probably the strengths lie in the novelty and slowness, the momentum is smooth, and the writing is easy to write without embarrassing the length. The short is that you can get familiar with too much, and the steps are too fast. The disease of walking too fast is compared to being a visitor in the mountain vagina. Although the scene is good, you still feel that you are in a hurry and you can't appreciate it in depth." Mr. Qian said that Huang Zunxian's poems are not unavoidable, and Jiang Shi's poems are also like this, " If you are greedy, you will be familiar with it, and the steps are too fast", if you want too much, you will inevitably lose your mind if you take too many steps. Mr. Qian also talked about the ethos of Huang Zunxian and the later Qianjia, and believed that the poems of various schools after Qianjia formed a kind of ethos, which was fluent and light, unpretentious in style, and free from frivolous writing.Zunxian's few works are also close to this style.In Huang Zunxian's later poems, "it is not out of the ordinary and out of fashion", that is, it does not oppose this trend, but it can stand out from the crowd.How does he stand out?Qian Zhonglian said: "In Huang Zunxian's Chinese poetry circle at that time, there was a thick cloud of nostalgia. There were several main schools: one was to imitate the Huxiang School of Han, Wei and Six Dynasties, led by Deng Fulun and Wang Kaiyun; the other was to imitate Song poetry The Jiangxi School and the Fujian School were known as "Tong Guang Ti" at the time, headed by Chen Sanli, Shen Zengzhi, and Chen Yan; the other flaunted the style of the Tang Dynasty, headed by Zhang Zhidong, and his disciples Fan Zengxiang and Yi Shunding belonged to this school The first is to imitate Xikun style, headed by Li Xisheng, Zeng Guangjun, and Cao Yuanzhong. 'Tongguangti' has the upper hand in this period. These genres have different goals of Mogu, and Mogu is the same." "Zunxian claims His poems are 'New School Poems'." (Preface to "Human Jinglu Poetry Notes") Huang Zunxian's poems are different from the imitation of the ancients by several schools at that time.Mr. Qian also pointed out: "In his "Preface", it is said: "The practice is also from Cao, Bao, Tao, Xie, Li, Du, Han, and Su to the late Jin Xiaojia." Isn't it express love for the ancients and not close People. Daoguang uses macros", so he is different from Jiang Shi, and can "stand out from the crowd". Mr. Qian also called Huang Zunxian bold as a literary department, and he never surpassed his hometown Song Xiang's poems.According to Gu Chun's "Hongxing Mountain House Poetry Copy Inscription": "Dripping vitality, full of loftiness. People follow their luck, who can see it? Those who have great strength, bear it and walk away. Cultivate in the heart, and the clue is in the hand. Or a book, or a glass of wine. If you are happy, you can't hold back. Yes." What is said here is consistent with Huang Zunxian's poem. For example, "the vitality is dripping", "people follow their luck", and "repeating everything" are all.Here it is also pointed out that Huang Zunxian's "Japanese Miscellaneous Poems" chanting female students is an imitation of Song Xiang's "Recalling Youth", but Song Xiang reflects the life of his youth, which is accurate.Huang Zunxian lacks the life of Japanese female students, so when he finished the story, it seemed that "the whole is broken and the sharp is blunt".It is also known as his "Newlywed Poem" is a genus of "Girlfriend Qin Sheng".Mr. Qian's comment on the "vulgarity" of Huang Zunxian's poems may refer to this part of the poem.Huang Zunxian said in the preface that "his practice is also from Cao, Bao, Tao, Xie, Li, Du, Han, and Su in the late near Xiaojia." Think not achieved.Mr. Qian thinks that his Five Ancients are close to Yuan Mei and Zhao Yi, his singing seems to be comfortable, and his Qijue is Gong Zizhen. Call him "Geppel".Be bold as a literary office, not surpassing Song Xiang, and cannot change the comment of "Gebei".